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物探与化探  2024, Vol. 48 Issue (1): 237-244    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2024.2432
  生态地质调查 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
重庆市秀山县北部大气干湿沉降重金属元素分布特征及来源分析
蔡柯柯1(), 赵志强1, 蒙丽2,3, 王孝萌1, 刘键1, 罗仁凤1
1.重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局607地质队,重庆 400054
2.重庆地质矿产研究院,重庆 401120
3.重庆大学 环境与生态学院,重庆 400044
Distribution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals from dry and wet atmospheric deposition in northern Xiushan County, Chongqing
CAI Ke-Ke1(), ZHAO Zhi-Qiang1, MENG Li2,3, WANG Xiao-Meng1, LIU Jian1, LUO Ren-Feng1
1. Chongqing Geological and Mineral Resource Exploration and Development Bureau 607 Geological Team, Chongqing 400054, China
2. Chongqing Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chongqing 401120, China
3. College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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摘要 

为了解秀山北部大气干湿沉降物中重金属含量情况,使该区环境污染防治和农田土壤安全利用更具针对性,2019年4月~2020年4月,连续接收秀山县北部18个样点大气干湿沉降物,并分析测试其中Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Hg等7种重金属元素的含量;结合地形、地貌特点,分析秀山县北部大气干湿沉降中重金属的分布规律及来源,并采用地累积指数法评估大气干湿沉降中重金属对土壤的污染状况。结果表明:除Hg外,6种重金属元素存在明显的分区性,沉降高值区集中分布在川河盖两翼及东部,该区域大气干湿沉降物中6种重金属含量远高于全国及重庆市平均值;其余一般沉降区6种元素沉降通量均小于全国均值25%百分位。川河盖两翼较高的大气干湿沉降通量受东部花垣县铅锌矿开采及特殊地形地貌的综合影响,陡增的地形使得沉降中7种重金属通量增加了49倍,应加强该类型地貌区环境安全的监测与评估工作。经地累积指数法评估,川河盖两翼大气干湿沉降重金属中Cd为中度污染—严重至极度污染,Pb为轻度污染—中度污染,Zn为轻度污染—中度至严重污染。
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蔡柯柯
赵志强
蒙丽
王孝萌
刘键
罗仁凤
关键词 ： 大气干湿沉降,  重金属,  来源分析,  秀山    
Abstract：

This study aims to determine the contents of heavy metals from dry and wet atmospheric deposition in northern Xiushan County for targeted environmental pollution prevention and control and safe farmland soil utilization. Based on the dry and wet atmospheric deposition samples continuously received from 18 sampling sites in northern Xiushan County from November 2019 to November 2020, this study tested the contents of seven heavy metal elements, including Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg. Considering the topographic features, this study analyzed the distribution patterns and sources of heavy metals from dry and wet atmospheric deposition in northern Xiushan County. Moreover, this study assessed the soil pollution caused by heavy metals from dry and wet atmospheric deposition using the geoaccumulation index method. The results show that except Hg, the other six heavy metal elements exhibited significant zoning, with their high-value deposition areas distributed primarily in the flanks and eastern segment of Chuanhegai, where their contents were much higher than the national and Chongqing's averages. In contrast, their depositional fluxes in other general deposition areas were less than the national averages by 25%. The high dry and wet atmospheric deposition in the flanks of Chuanhegai was subjected to both the mining of the lead-zinc deposit in Huayuan County in the east and the special topography. The abrupt topography increased the fluxes of the seven heavy metals in the dry and wet atmospheric deposition by 49 times. Therefore, the monitoring and assessment of environmental safety in this type of landform area should be strengthened. According to the assessment results of the geoaccumulation index method, the flanks of Chuanhegai were moderately-severely to extremely polluted by Cd, slightly-moderately polluted by Pb, and slightly-moderately to severely polluted by Zn.
Key words： dry and wet atmospheric deposition    heavy metal    source analysis    Xiushan
收稿日期: 2022-08-29      修回日期: 2023-07-03      出版日期: 2024-02-20
ZTFLH:  X142  
基金资助:重庆市规划和自然资源局项目“重庆1∶5万石堤幅、溶溪幅、龙池幅、花垣幅、秀山幅、石耶幅6幅土地质量地质调查”(渝规资[2020]188号)
作者简介: 蔡柯柯(1985-),女,2011年毕业于成都理工大学,主要研究方向为地质矿产、物化遥地质。Email:345789102@qq.com
引用本文:   
蔡柯柯, 赵志强, 蒙丽, 王孝萌, 刘键, 罗仁凤. 重庆市秀山县北部大气干湿沉降重金属元素分布特征及来源分析[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(1): 237-244.
CAI Ke-Ke, ZHAO Zhi-Qiang, MENG Li, WANG Xiao-Meng, LIU Jian, LUO Ren-Feng. Distribution characteristics and source analysis of heavy metals from dry and wet atmospheric deposition in northern Xiushan County, Chongqing. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(1): 237-244.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.2432      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I1/237
Fig.1  研究区范围及大气沉降采样点位分布
Fig.2  各样点重金属元素沉降通量点位符号
注:蓝色点表示低于25%百分位;绿色点表示位于25%~50%百分位;橙色点表示位于50%~75%百分位;玫色点表示位于75%~90%百分位;红色点表示高于90%百分位
分区 样品编号 Cd Cr Cu Ni Pb Zn Hg
一般区 JC01 0.077 0.935 1.150 0.550 2.014 4.765 0.155
JC02 0.059 0.948 0.909 1.597 1.506 3.664 0.040
JC03 0.042 1.067 1.091 1.179 1.528 4.723 0.129
JC04 0.113 2.505 1.046 0.628 1.762 5.096 0.048
JC05 0.058 0.679 0.617 0.441 1.459 3.689 0.042
JC06 0.053 0.656 0.649 0.492 1.532 3.131 0.065
JC07 0.120 0.766 1.053 0.433 2.432 5.658 0.059
JC08 0.071 1.371 1.141 0.788 5.550 5.516 0.173
JC09 0.061 1.353 1.024 1.653 1.695 3.753 0.083
JC13 0.213 2.043 3.109 1.558 4.678 13.765 0.063
JC14 0.138 0.784 1.209 0.459 2.853 6.769 0.162
JC15 0.082 3.491 1.478 1.041 3.199 6.476 0.079
JC18 0.115 0.837 1.065 0.341 3.393 4.935 0.102
JC20 0.162 0.643 0.655 0.352 2.647 8.851 0.176
平均值 0.097 1.291 1.157 0.822 2.589 5.771 0.098
川河盖两翼沉
降量高值区		 JC10 2.500 40.500 17.200 14.500 65.400 108.000 0.138
JC11 76.100 388.800 298.400 237.900 1395.600 3482.200 0.146
JC16 0.737 9.689 8.284 5.076 21.439 66.948 0.101
JC17 1.250 3.530 3.542 1.621 15.753 93.506 0.078
平均值 20.981 117.633 85.052 64.271 376.904 960.891 0.097
全区 最大值 76.100 388.8 298.400 237.900 1395.6 3482.2 0.176
最小值 0.042 0.643 0.617 0.341 1.459 3.131 0.024
平均值 4.554 25.585 19.087 15.032 85.246 212.859 0.102
标准差 17.31 88.54 67.85 54.14 318.15 793.58 0.05
变异系数 3.81 3.46 3.55 3.60 3.73 3.73 0.45
全国[19] 平均值 0.71 18.21 15.55 7.57 36.72 147.85 0.07
重庆主城区降水[20] 平均值 0.44 2.9 13 2.22 30.25 76.26
Table 1  各样点大气干湿沉降中重金属元素沉降通量
样品编号 Cd Cr Cu Hg Ni Pb Zn 样品编号 Cd Cr Cu Hg Ni Pb Zn
JC01 0.20 68.0 27.8 0.08 34.4 32.6 84.1 JC13 0.40 81.2 32.4 0.24 33.6 33.9 99.1
JC02 0.21 71.1 28.5 0.06 34.4 32.1 89.5 JC14 0.34 72.9 28.3 0.57 34.5 42.8 95.1
JC03 0.19 68.6 25.3 0.07 33.0 29.8 86.4 JC15 0.36 86.7 26.0 0.21 33.5 40.7 95.8
JC04 0.16 59.2 19.0 0.07 25.8 26.3 69.5 JC18 0.43 77.9 29.2 0.55 32.9 39.9 102.6
JC05 0.33 82.3 29.5 0.17 34.1 46.9 88.6 JC20 0.39 77.6 32.6 0.17 39.0 44.0 104.0
JC06 0.46 69.5 27.0 0.30 30.2 47.6 90.2 JC10 0.28 75.2 28.2 0.09 34.2 33.7 85.9
JC07 0.94 98.1 50.2 1.46 49.9 29.1 122.2 JC11 0.32 74.0 47.7 0.07 34.5 35.7 87.9
JC08 0.26 76.1 28.6 0.35 35.5 31.1 84.3 JC16 0.33 74.5 46.7 0.07 39.3 34.9 89.8
JC09 0.39 83.0 26.8 0.23 32.9 46.0 94.9 JC17 0.53 71.4 32.1 0.22 34.4 48.8 94.2
Table 2  大气干湿沉降样点周围土壤中重金属元素含量
样品编号 占比/%
Cd Cr Cu Ni Pb Zn Hg
JC10 1.01 16.30 6.93 5.84 26.35 43.51 0.06
JC11 1.29 6.61 5.08 4.05 23.74 59.23 <0.01
JC16 0.66 8.63 7.38 4.52 19.09 59.63 0.09
JC17 1.05 2.96 2.97 1.36 13.21 78.39 0.07
川河盖顶土壤 0.26 30.73 9.91 12.77 12.37 33.90 0.06
Table 3  JC10、JC11、JC16、JC17与川河盖顶部土壤样品中重金属占比对比
Fig 3  大气干湿沉降观测点分布剖面示意
项目 地累积指数
Cd Cr Cu Hg Ni Pb Zn
JC10 3.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.6 1.5 0.9
JC11 4.6 -0.8 0.2 -3.1 -0.4 2.0 2.0
JC16 2.5 -1.6 -0.4 1.0 -1.4 0.6 0.9
JC17 4.2 -2.1 -0.7 1.5 -2.1 1.1 2.3
Table 4  川河盖两翼大气沉降重金属地累积指数
Fig 4  JC11观测点及周围1 km范围内表层土壤及农作物样点分布
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