黄土高原地区土壤有机碳和无机碳储量及含量特征

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2025.3603

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土壤碳库在调节全球碳平衡和减缓温室气体方面有着重要的地位,估算土壤碳储量对评价陆地生态系统碳循环具有重要意义。利用研究区土地质量地球化学调查获取的土壤碳数据,采用“单位土壤碳量”方法,估算了西北地区各层土壤全碳、有机碳和无机碳储量,分析了不同土壤、土地利用和地形地貌类型下的土壤有机碳和无机碳中碳含量特征。结果表明,研究区上下全层(0~2.0 m)土壤中累计求得总碳10 099.4 Mt,表层(0~0.2 m)总碳1 224.8 Mt,上层(0~1.0 m)5 345.9 Mt,下层(1.0~2.0 m)4 753.5 Mt,各层中总碳含量以无机碳为主,占比自上而下逐渐增大,有机碳主要集中在表层。无机碳含量高值区主要分布在青海湟水谷地、甘肃陇中、陕西北部和宁夏南部黄土高原等地区,有机碳高值区主要分布在祁连山一带。风沙土具有最低的表、深层有机碳、无机碳和总碳含量;黑垆土和黄绵土具有最高的表层无机碳含量;黑毡土具有最高的表层有机碳含量;黑垆土具有最高的深层有机碳含量,且具有最高的表层和深层土壤总碳含量。森林具有最高的表层和深层有机碳及表层总碳含量;草原具有最高的表层无机碳和总碳含量;耕地具有最高的深层无机碳含量;裸地具有最低的无机碳、有机碳和总碳含量。山地具有最高的表层和深层土壤有机碳和总碳含量;黄土具有最高的表层和深层无机碳含量;平原总体介于黄土和山地之间。高海拔地区具有极高的有机碳含量。

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	段星星
	刘小龙
	韩宝华
	阿地来·赛提尼亚孜
	金梦婷
	刘彤

关键词 ：黄土高原, 有机碳, 无机碳, 碳储量, 土地质量地球化学

Abstract：

Soil carbon pools play a significant role in regulating global carbon balance and mitigating greenhouse gases. Hence, estimating soil carbon stocks is critical for assessing the carbon cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Based on the soil carbon data obtained from the land quality geochemical survey in the study area, this study estimated the stocks of total, organic, and inorganic carbon of various soil layers in Northwest China using the unit soil carbon amount (USCA) method. It analyzed the content characteristics of organic and inorganic carbon in soil under different soil, land use, and topographic types. The results of this study are as follows: (1) All the soil layers at depths ranging from 0 to 2 m in the study area exhibited total carbon of 10 099.4 Mt, including 1 224.8 Mt in the topsoil layer (0~0.2 m), 5 345.9 Mt in the upper soil layer (0~1.0 m), and 4 753.5 Mt in the lower soil layer (1.0~2.0 m). Inorganic carbon predominated in all the soil layers, with its proportion gradually increasing from top to bottom, whereas organic carbon was principally concentrated in the topsoil layer; (2) The high-value areas of inorganic carbon content were primarily distributed in the Huangshui Valley of Qinghai Province, and the Loess Plateau region covering the Longzhong area of Gansu Province, northern Shaanxi Province, and southern Ningxia Province. In contrast, the high-value areas of organic carbon content were chiefly distributed in the Qilian Mountains; (3) The aeolian sandy soil exhibited the lowest organic, inorganic, and total carbon contents in the topsoil and deep soil layers. The dark loessial soil and the loessal soil showed the highest inorganic carbon content in the topsoil layer. The dark felty soil and the dark loessial soil displayed the highest organic carbon contents in the topsoil and deep soil layers, respectively. Additionally, the dark felty soil had the highest total carbon content in the topsoil and deep soil layers; (4) Forests exhibited the highest organic carbon content in the topsoil and deep soil layers, and the highest total carbon content in the topsoil layer. Grasslands showed the highest inorganic and total carbon contents in the topsoil layer. Cultivated land had the highest inorganic carbon content in the deep soil layer. Bare land manifested the lowest inorganic, organic, and total carbon contents; (5) Mountains displayed the highest organic and total carbon contents in the topsoil and deep soil layers. Loess had the highest inorganic carbon content in the topsoil and deep soil layers. Plains showed intermediate carbon contents generally between those of loess and mountains. Besides, high-altitude areas manifested extremely high organic carbon content.

Key words： Loess Plateau organic carbon inorganic carbon carbon stock land quality geochemistry

收稿日期: 2022-12-03 修回日期: 2024-02-26 出版日期: 2025-02-20

ZTFLH:	X142
	X825

基金资助:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2022D01A149);中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心科创基金项目(KC20230013);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20220887)

作者简介: 段星星(1983-),男,2006年毕业于中南大学,主要从事地球化学调查研究工作。Email:dxingxing@mail.cgs.gov.cn

引用本文:

段星星, 刘小龙, 韩宝华, 阿地来·赛提尼亚孜, 金梦婷, 刘彤. 黄土高原地区土壤有机碳和无机碳储量及含量特征[J]. 物探与化探, 2025, 49(1): 239-247.
DUAN Xing-Xing, LIU Xiao-Long, HAN Bao-Hua, Adilai·Saitiniyazi , JIN Meng-Ting, LIU Tong. Stocks and content of organic and inorganic carbon in soil of the Loess Plateau region. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2025, 49(1): 239-247.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2025.3603 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I1/239

Fig.1 研究区采样点位分布

Fig.2 研究区土壤各层中有机碳和无机碳储量占比

Fig.3 研究区表层(a)和深层(b)土壤无机碳含量分布

Fig.4 研究区表层(a)和深层(b)土壤有机碳含量分布

Fig.5 研究区土壤类型占比

Fig.6 研究区不同土壤类型碳含量(单位:%)

Table 1 研究区不同土地利用类型有机碳、无机碳和总碳含量

Table 2 研究区不同地形地貌有机碳、无机碳和总碳含量

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