塔里木盆地北缘绿洲土壤碳储量及其碳密度的分布特征

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2025.2341

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土壤碳库是全球陆地碳库的重要组成部分,对土壤碳库的研究在全球碳循环和全球变化中具有重要意义。本文依据多目标区域地球化学调查获得的土壤碳数据,估算了塔里木盆地北缘绿洲土壤0~20 cm、0~100 cm和0~180 cm深度的土壤有机碳、无机碳密度及储量,并对碳密度空间分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:研究区不同土壤深度的碳库组成不同,土壤0~20 cm深度有机碳储量占总碳储量的20.66%,随深度的增加有机碳储量占比逐渐减少,但无机碳储量占比逐渐增加,0~180 cm深度无机碳所占比例为85.73%,土壤碳库组成以无机碳为主;3种土壤层次的有机碳密度分别为1 956.45 t/km²、7 913.37 t/km²和11 973.19 t/km²,无机碳密度分别为71 722.84 t/km²、37 605.54 t/km²和71 914.93 t/km²,各层土壤有机碳密度均低于全国平均水平。研究区不同统计单元土壤碳库构成也具有一定差异,各土壤类型、土地利用方式中,潮土、棕钙土、灌淤土和盐土的有机碳、无机碳密度较高,风沙土、灌漠土较低;耕地土壤有机碳和无机碳密度最高,未利用地和建设用地的土壤碳密度较低。各地貌间,起伏山地土壤有机碳密度最高,冲洪积平原无机碳密度相对较高;研究区土壤碳密度空间分布呈现焉耆盆地为有机碳密度高值区,喀什三角洲部分区域(西、南部局地及东部边缘)为有机碳密度中等水平区,阿克苏地区为无机碳密度高值区的特征。综上,在极端干旱背景下,塔里木盆地北缘绿洲具有较大的无机碳碳汇潜力,但土壤类型、土地利用方式、地貌景观等因素对土壤碳固存的影响较大。

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	阿地来·赛提尼亚孜
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	何峻岭
	王翠翠
	董越

关键词 ：土壤碳密度, 土壤碳储量, 碳密度空间分布, 塔里木盆地北缘, 碳汇

Abstract：

Soil carbon pools constitute a crucial part of global terrestrial carbon pools. Hence, investigating soil carbon pools is critical for understanding the global carbon cycle and changes. Based on the soil carbon data obtained from a multi-purpose regional geochemical survey, this study estimated the densities and stocks of organic and inorganic carbon of soil at depths ranging from 0 to 20 cm, 0 to 100 cm, and 0 to 180 cm in oases on the northern margin of the Tarim Basin. Moreover, it delved into the spatial distribution of carbon density. The results of this study are as follows: (1) The compositions of soil carbon pools varied with the soil depth in the study area. At depths ranging from 0 to 20 cm, the organic carbon stocks accounted for 20.66% of the total carbon stocks. With an increase in soil depth, the organic carbon stocks gradually decreased, while the inorganic carbon stocks gradually increased. At depths ranging from 0 to 180 cm, the inorganic carbon stocks represented 85.73% of the total, suggesting that inorganic carbon predominated in the compositions of soil carbon pools; (2) The soil in three depth ranges exhibited organic carbon densities of 1,956.45, 7,913.37, and 119,73.19 t/km², which were all below the national average level, and inorganic carbon densities of 71,722.84, 37,605.54, and 71,914.93 t/km²; (3) The compositions of soil carbon pools varied somewhat across statistical units. In terms of soil types and land use types, the densities of organic and inorganic carbon were higher in fluvo-aquic soil, brown calcic soil, irrigation-silting soil, and solonchak but lower in aeolian sandy soil and irrigated desert soil. Cultivated land exhibited the highest densities of organic and inorganic carbon in the soil, whereas unused and construction land manifested the lowest carbon densities; (4) In terms of topography, undulating mountains manifested the highest soil organic carbon density, whereas alluvial-proluvial plains displayed relatively high inorganic carbon density; (5) The spatial distribution of soil carbon density in the study area was characterized by high organic carbon densities in the Yanqi Basin, medium organic carbon densities in part of Kashgar Delta (western and southern localities and eastern margin), and high inorganic carbon densities in the Aksu area. Overall, under the background of extreme drought, the oases on the northern margin of the Tarim Basin show high potential for inorganic carbon sink, with soil carbon sequestration significantly influenced by soil types, land use types, and geomorphologic landscapes.

Key words： soil carbon density soil carbon stock spatial distribution of carbon density northern margin of the Tarim Basin carbon sink

收稿日期: 2023-08-04 修回日期: 2024-03-06 出版日期: 2025-02-20

ZTFLH:	X142
	X825

基金资助:新疆维吾尔自治区面上基金项目(2022D01A149);中国地质调查局项目(ZD20208072);中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心科技创新项目(KC20220007)

通讯作者: 段星星(1983-),男,高级工程师,主要从事地球化学调查和研究工作。Email:duanxx@loxmail.com

作者简介: 阿地来·赛提尼亚孜(1992-),女,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事生态地质调查及土壤碳循环研究工作。Email:1152725803@qq.com

引用本文:

阿地来·赛提尼亚孜, 段星星, 何峻岭, 王翠翠, 董越. 塔里木盆地北缘绿洲土壤碳储量及其碳密度的分布特征[J]. 物探与化探, 2025, 49(1): 229-238.
Adilai Saitiniyazi, DUAN Xing-Xing, HE Jun-Ling, WANG Cui-Cui, DONG Yue. Carbon stocks and carbon density distribution of soil in oases on the northern margin of the Tarim Basin. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2025, 49(1): 229-238.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2025.2341 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I1/229

Fig.1 研究区位置及采样点分布

Table 1 研究区不同深度土壤碳储量及密度

Fig.2 研究区各深度土壤有机碳、无机碳密度

Table 2 研究区不同土壤类型碳储量统计

Fig.3 研究区不同土地利用下有机碳、无机碳密度

Table 3 研究区不同土地利用下的碳储量

Fig.4 不同地形地貌类型下的碳密度

Table 4 不同地貌类型下的碳储量

Fig.5 研究区不同深度土壤有机碳、无机碳密度空间分布
a、c、e—分别为表层、中上层和全层土壤有机碳密度分布;b、d、f—分别为表层、中上层和全层无机碳密度分布

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