多层泡棉复合吸波材料在探地雷达天线设计中的应用

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2025.1469

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摘要

本文旨在进行吸波材料在时域脉冲探地雷达天线设计中的应用研究。首先分析了电磁波在吸波材料介质界面及内部的传播机理,在理论分析的基础上采用多层泡棉复合吸波材料对天线进行不同方式的加载,使用CST电磁仿真软件对不同加载方式的天线进行了波形保真度、天线增益、端口驻波比等参数的仿真比较,并结合实际应用场景进行了发射天线、接收天线、分层大地及地下目标物系统建模仿真,通过比较天线在不同加载方式下目标回波信号特点,得出了多层泡棉复合类吸波材料在探地雷达天线中的最佳加载方式。按照本文提出的加载方式进行了带屏蔽壳体的平板型偶极天线设计与加工,并搭载LTD-2600探地雷达进行了贴地与架空情况下的实地测试,测试图像可明显看出地下5.6 m处地层异常信号,可为探地雷达天线设计及工程应用提供有效指导。

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	殷岳萌
	王成浩
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	徐飞

关键词 ：探地雷达, 天线设计, 吸波材料, 多层组合加载, 阻抗匹配

Abstract：

This study focuses on the application of microwave-absorbing materials in the design of time-domain pulsed ground-penetrating radar(GPR) antennae.First,this study analyzed the propagation mechanisms of electromagnetic waves inside and at the medium interface of microwave-absorbing materials.Second,this study applied multi-layer foam composite microwave-absorbing materials to antennae in various loading configurations.Third,based on the CST electromagnetic simulation software,this study compared parameters like waveform fidelity,antenna gain,and voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) for antennae with different loading configurations.Fourth,this study performed systematic modeling and simulation for the transmitting antenna,receiving antenna,stratified ground,and subsurface targets in combination with a real-world application scenario.By examining the characteristics of the target echo signal under various loading configurations for antennae,this study determined the optimal loading configuration of multi-layer foam composite microwave-absorbing materials for GPR antennae.Using the optimal loading configuration, this study designed and fabricated a flat dipole antenna with a shielding shell.Finally,this study conducted field tests using the LTD-2600 GPR with this flat dipole antenna on the ground surface and at an elevated position,clearly revealing abnormal stratigraphic signals at a depth of 5.6 m.Therefore,this study can effectively guide the design and engineering applications of GPR antennae.

Key words： ground-penetrating radar(GPR) antenna design microwave-absorbing material multi-layer combination loading impedance matching

收稿日期: 2024-12-15 修回日期: 2025-03-21 出版日期: 2025-06-20

ZTFLH:

P631.3

基金资助:中国电波传播研究所稳定支持科研经费资助项目(A132303219)

作者简介: 殷岳萌(1986-),男,汉族,2010年5月毕业于西北工业大学信号与信息处理专业,硕士,高级工程师,LTD系列探地雷达技术带头人,长期从事探地雷达及工程装备技术研究工作。Email:cecilia768@163.com

引用本文:

殷岳萌, 王成浩, 李少龙, 张照, 徐飞. 多层泡棉复合吸波材料在探地雷达天线设计中的应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2025, 49(3): 727-733.
YIN Yue-Meng, WANG Cheng-Hao, LI Shao-Long, ZHANG-Zhao , XU-Fei . Application study of multi-layer foam composite microwave-absorbing materials in GPR antenna design. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2025, 49(3): 727-733.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2025.1469 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I3/727

Fig.1 多层界面反射及衰减原理示意

Fig.2 仿真模型示意

Fig.3 实测吸波材料电磁参数曲线

Fig.4 吸波材料排布方式示意

Fig.5 端口驻波比仿真曲线

Fig.6 增益仿真曲线

Fig.7 天线前方1.5 m处电场强度曲线

Fig.8 接收天线端口电压(系统仿真)

Fig.9 天线测试照片

Fig.10 地下目标测试图像

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