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物探与化探  2024, Vol. 48 Issue (4): 1125-1135    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2024.1336
  生态地质调查 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
水土流失区土壤硒、锌地球化学特征及其生物有效性——以福建省长汀县为例
唐志敏1(), 张晓东1(), 梅丽辉2, 湛龙1, 陈国光1, 刘红樱1, 周墨1, 张明1, 张洁1
1.中国地质调查局 南京地质调查中心,江苏 南京 210016
2.江西省地质局第一地质大队,江西 南昌 330200
Geochemical characteristics and bioavailability of selenium and zinc in soils in an area subjected to water and soil erosion : A case study of Changting County, Fujian Province
TANG Zhi-Min1(), ZHANG Xiao-Dong1(), MEI Li-Hui2, ZHAN Long1, CHEN Guo-Guang1, LIU Hong-Ying1, ZHOU Mo1, ZHANG Ming1, ZHANG Jie1
1. Nanjing Center, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, China
2. The First Geological Brigade of Jiangxi Geological Bureau, Nanchang 330200, China
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摘要 

水土流失影响着土壤中元素的分布与分配,土壤中硒、锌等微量有益元素在水土流失区的分布、分配规律及其生物有效性是衡量水土流失生态效应的重要因素。针对水土流失区硒、锌的地球化学特征及生物有效性,以福建省长汀县水土流失区为例开展了土壤及农作物地球化学调查,获取了水土流失区土壤及农作物Se、Zn的关键地球化学参数。结果发现:水土流失区土壤Se含量中位值为0.43×10-6,Zn含量中位值为46×10-6;Se富集于变质岩发育的土壤中,Zn富集于变质岩和花岗岩发育的土壤中;土壤Se、Zn在竹林地中含量相对其他土地利用类型更高;随着水土流失程度的增加,土壤Se含量呈递减趋势;Se、Zn的生物富集系数与土壤w(Si)/w(Al)值呈显著正相关,与土壤Se、Zn以及有机质等指标含量呈显著负相关。结果表明:长汀县水土流失区土壤Se、Zn的分布、分配主要受变质岩和花岗岩的控制;水土流失过程存在显著的土壤Se流失;土壤Se、Zn生物有效性受黏土矿物及有机质吸附的影响而呈现降低,水土流失区土壤中非活性态的Se、Zn可能存在较大比例。
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唐志敏
张晓东
梅丽辉
湛龙
陈国光
刘红樱
周墨
张明
张洁
关键词 ： 水土流失,  土壤,  Se,  Zn,  生物有效性    
Abstract：

Water and soil erosion affects the distribution and partitioning of elements in soils. The distribution and partitioning patterns and bioavailability of trace beneficial elements such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) in water and soil erosion areas serve as significant factors for measuring the ecological effects of water and soil erosion. Through the geochemical survey of soil and crops, this study investigated the geochemical characteristics and bioavailability of Se and Zn in the water and soil erosion area of Changting County, Fujian Province, obtaining the critical geochemical parameters of Se and Zn in soil and crops in the study area. The results are as follows: (1) The soil Se and Zn contents in the study area show median values of 0.43×10-6 and 46×10-6, respectively; (2) Se is enriched in the soil developed from metamorphic rocks, whereas Zn is enriched in the soil developed from metamorphic rocks and granites; (3) The soil Se and Zn contents are higher in bamboo forests compared to other land-use types; (4) The soil Se content shows a decreasing trend as the water and soil erosion intensifies; (5) The bio-concentration factors of Se and Zn are significantly positively correlated with w(Si)/w(Al) ratios, and negatively correlated with Se, Zn, and organic matter. As indicated by the results above, the distribution and partitioning of soil trace beneficial elements like Se and Zn in the study area are primarily subjected to metamorphic rocks and granites. The water and soil erosion is accompanied by a significant soil Se loss. The bioavailability of soil Se and Zn is reduced by the adsorption of clay minerals and organic matter. Additionally, there may be a large proportion of inactive Se and Zn in the soil of the water and soil erosion area.
Key words： water and soil erosion    soil    Se    Zn    bioavailability
收稿日期: 2023-07-28      修回日期: 2023-10-20      出版日期: 2024-08-20
ZTFLH:  P595  
基金资助:中国地质调查局项目(DD20230103);中国地质调查局项目(DD20230495)
通讯作者: 张晓东(1981-),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为生态地质。Email:89476088@qq.com
作者简介: 唐志敏(1992-),男,硕士,工程师,主要研究方向为环境地球化学。Email:894431121@qq.com
引用本文:   
唐志敏, 张晓东, 梅丽辉, 湛龙, 陈国光, 刘红樱, 周墨, 张明, 张洁. 水土流失区土壤硒、锌地球化学特征及其生物有效性——以福建省长汀县为例[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(4): 1125-1135.
TANG Zhi-Min, ZHANG Xiao-Dong, MEI Li-Hui, ZHAN Long, CHEN Guo-Guang, LIU Hong-Ying, ZHOU Mo, ZHANG Ming, ZHANG Jie. Geochemical characteristics and bioavailability of selenium and zinc in soils in an area subjected to water and soil erosion : A case study of Changting County, Fujian Province. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(4): 1125-1135.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1336      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I4/1125
Fig.1  研究区岩石建造类型
Fig.2  长汀县水土流失区分布
Fig.3  研究区土壤中Se(a)、Zn(b)含量直方图
元素 平均值 中位数 最小值 最大值 标准差 变异系数 全国土壤背景值[23] 福建省土壤背景值[23]
Se 0.46 0.43 0.05 1.06 0.20 44% 0.22 0.32
Zn 48 46 6 117 23 48% 67 70
Table 1  研究区土壤Se、Zn含量描述统计结果
Fig.4  研究区不同岩石建造发育土壤的Se(a)、Zn(b)元素含量箱线图
Fig.5  不同土地利用类型土壤Se(a)、Zn(b)含量箱线图
Fig.6  不同水土流失程度区土壤Se(a)、Zn(b)含量箱线图
Fig.7  研究区土壤Se(a)、Zn(b)地球化学分布
指标 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4
pH值 -0.201 0.154 0.794 -0.352
S 0.644 -0.449 0.331 0.182
Se 0.779 -0.313 -0.132 0.122
Zn 0.663 0.361 0.255 -0.199
SiO2 -0.886 -0.331 0.162 0.163
Al2O3 0.479 0.626 -0.289 -0.353
TFe2O3 0.853 -0.155 -0.045 -0.258
MgO 0.654 -0.150 0.168 -0.083
CaO -0.010 0.092 0.864 -0.014
Na2O 0.050 0.633 0.176 0.594
K2O 0.164 0.815 -0.008 0.304
有机质 0.687 -0.296 0.133 0.521
方差的百分比/% 34.8 18.0 14.7 9.6
累积百分比/% 34.8 52.8 67.5 77.1
Table 2  主成分分析结果
Fig.8  土壤元素主成分载荷
指标 Zn-R Se-R SiO2 Al2O3 CaO TFe2O3 K2O MgO Na2O pH S 有机质 Se-T Zn-T BCFSe BCFZn w(Si)/
w(Al)		 CIA w(Fe)/
w(Mg)
Zn-R 1.000
Se-R 0.346* 1.000
SiO2 0.007 -0.503** 1.000
Al2O3 0.051 0.506** -0.963** 1.000
CaO -0.122 0.387** -0.526** 0.416** 1.000
TFe2O3 0.052 0.563** -0.733** 0.576** 0.600** 1.000
K2O -0.295* -0.163 -0.494** 0.455** 0.169 0.135 1.000
MgO -0.106 0.158 -0.268 0.039 0.545** 0.710** 0.134 1.000
Na2O -0.310* -0.216 -0.179 0.098 0.272 0.061 0.765** 0.281 1.000
pH -0.140 -0.230 0.426** -0.539** 0.335* -0.037 -0.172 0.396** 0.183 1.000
S -0.019 0.055 -0.351* 0.447** 0.187 -0.163 0.119 -.388** -0.104 -.368** 1.000
有机质 0.049 0.258 -0.597** 0.620** 0.466** 0.215 0.180 -0.040 -0.020 -.297* 0.774** 1.000
Se-T 0.042 0.649** -0.739** 0.661** 0.700** 0.788** 0.035 0.386** -0.036 -0.058 0.189 0.575** 1.000
Zn-T -0.147 0.290* -0.719** 0.582** 0.661** 0.732** 0.541** 0.631** 0.494** 0.069 -0.035 0.349* 0.633** 1.000
BCFSe 0.289* 0.005 0.613** -0.513** -0.556** -0.582** -0.238 -0.379** -0.140 -0.027 -0.216 -0.520** -0.729** -0.611** 1.000
BCFZn 0.533** -0.055 0.649** -0.511** -0.573** -0.576** -0.613** -0.540** -0.544** -0.041 -0.056 -0.346* -0.495** -0.839** 0.664** 1.000
w(Si)/
w(Al)		 0.096 -0.349* 0.939** -0.909** -0.466** -0.606** -0.637** -0.236 -0.327* 0.412** -0.315* -0.547** -0.617** -0.679** 0.605** 0.696** 1.000
CIA 0.281 0.615** -0.532** 0.618** 0.166 0.416** -0.370** -0.141 -0.611** -.455** 0.315* 0.414** 0.588** 0.069 -0.307* 0.060 -0.392** 1.000
w(Fe)/
w(Mg)		 0.180 0.516** -0.575** 0.676** 0.092 0.345* -0.026 -0.384** -0.251 -.553** 0.264 0.304* 0.505** 0.088 -0.269 -0.019 -0.478** 0.735** 1.000
Table 3  水稻Se、Zn含量与根系土指标相关系数
Fig.9  研究区水稻BCFSe(a)、BCFZn(b)与土壤w(Si)/w(Al)值散点图
Fig.10  研究区水稻BCFSe(a)、BCFZn(b)与土壤有机质散点图
Fig.11  研究区水稻BCFSe(a)、BCFZn(b)与土壤Se、Zn散点图
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