Please wait a minute...
E-mail Alert Rss
 
物探与化探  2021, Vol. 45 Issue (1): 207-214    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2021.1034
  生态环境调查 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
多种评价方法应用于天津核桃主产区的土壤环境质量评价
谢薇1(), 杨耀栋1(), 侯佳渝2, 菅桂芹1, 李国成1, 赵新华1
1.天津市地质矿产测试中心, 天津 300191
2.天津市规划和自然资源局地质事务中心,天津 300042
The evaluation of soil environmental quality of main walnut producing areas based on various methods of heavy metal contamination assessment in Tianjin
XIE Wei1(), YANG Yao-Dong1(), HOU Jia-Yu2, JIAN Gui-Qin1, LI Guo-Cheng1, ZHAO Xin-Hua1
1. Tianjin Geological Mineral Test Center, Tianjin 300191, China
2. Geological Center of Tianjin Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Tianjin 300042, China
全文: PDF(2469 KB)   HTML
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 

以天津市核桃主产区土壤和核桃为研究对象,分析了土壤重金属元素Cd、Hg、Pb、As、Cr、Zn和Cu的含量特征,选用内梅罗指数法、地累积指数法和污染负荷指数法等3种方法评价了土壤环境质量,并分析了核桃食用安全性。结果表明:研究区土壤样品中Cd、Hg、Pb、As、Cr、Zn和Cu的平均含量分别为0.19×10-6、0.06×10-6、24.1×10-6、11.9×10-6、75.5×10-6、78.9×10-6和30.6×10-6,Cd、Hg和As平均值均超过了天津市背景值,而且Cd和Cu分别有11.7%和1.7%的样品点位超过风险筛选值。根据内梅罗综合指数法可以得出,研究区土壤环境质量总体较好,但由地累积指数与污染负荷指数评价发现,研究区存在人为原因引起的土壤重金属积累情况,且污染点位均匀分布于研究区。核桃样品中Cd、Hg、Pb、As和Cr平均含量分别为0.003×10-6、0.004×10-6、0.044×10-6、0.043×10-6和0.760×10-6,均满足食品安全标准要求。

服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
谢薇
杨耀栋
侯佳渝
菅桂芹
李国成
赵新华
关键词 核桃主产区重金属土壤环境质量评价方法天津    
Abstract

In this study, the soil and walnut samples were taken in the main walnut producing area of Tianjin, and the content characteristics of heavy metals Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Cr, Zn and Cu in the soil were analyzed. Three methods were used to evaluate soil environmental quality in the study area, i.e., Nemerow index method, geo-accumulation index method and pollution load index.The safety of walnut samples was analyzed. The results show that the average values of Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Cr, Zn and Cu in the soil samples are 0.19×10-6, 0.06×10-6, 24.1×10-6, 11.9×10-6, 75.5×10-6, 78.9×10-6 and 30.6×10-6, respectively. The average values of Cd, Hg, As and Cu exceed the background values of Tianjin, and 11.7% and 1.7% of the samples of Cd and Cu exceed the risk screening values. For the single evaluation results, Nemerow single index method shows that 10.0% of the samples of Cd have slight pollution, 1.7% of the samples have moderate pollution, and 1.7% of the samples of Cu have slight pollution. According to the method of Nemerow comprehensive index, the soil environmental quality of the study area is generally better, but according to the evaluation results of geo-accumulation index and pollution load index, it can be found that there is heavy metal accumulation caused by human factors in the study area, and the pollution points are evenly distributed in the study area. The average values of Cd, Hg, Pb, As and Cr in walnut samples are 0.003 ×10-6, 0.004 ×10-6, 0.044 ×10-6, 0.043 ×10-6 and 0.760 ×10-6, respectively, which meet the requirements of food safety standards.

Key wordsmain walnut producing areas    heavy metals    soil environmental quality    evaluation methods    Tianjin
收稿日期: 2020-01-17      修回日期: 2020-07-08      出版日期: 2021-02-20
ZTFLH:  P632  
基金资助:天津市财政资金项目“富硒土地地球化学特征及开发潜力研究”
通讯作者: 杨耀栋
作者简介: 谢薇(1987-),女,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为地球化学。Email:Chinav2012@163.com
引用本文:   
谢薇, 杨耀栋, 侯佳渝, 菅桂芹, 李国成, 赵新华. 多种评价方法应用于天津核桃主产区的土壤环境质量评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2021, 45(1): 207-214.
XIE Wei, YANG Yao-Dong, HOU Jia-Yu, JIAN Gui-Qin, LI Guo-Cheng, ZHAO Xin-Hua. The evaluation of soil environmental quality of main walnut producing areas based on various methods of heavy metal contamination assessment in Tianjin. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2021, 45(1): 207-214.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2021.1034      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I1/207
Fig.1  研究区采样点位分布
污染等级 单项污染指数分级标准 综合污染指数分级标准
污染指数 污染水平 污染指数 污染水平
Pi<1 清洁 I<0.7 清洁
1≤Pi<2 轻污染 0.7≤I<1 尚清洁
2≤Pi<3 中污染 1≤I<2 轻污染
Pi≥3 重污染 2≤I<3 中污染
I≥3 重污染
Table 1  单项污染指标与内梅罗综合指数分级标准
地累积指数Igeo 分级 污染程度
Igeo≤0 0级 无污染
0<Igeo≤1 1级 无污染—中度污染
1<Igeo≤2 2级 中度污染
2<Igeo≤3 3级 中度污染—强污染
3<Igeo≤4 4级 强污染
4<Igeo≤5 5级 强污染—极强污染
Igeo>5 6级 极强污染
Table 2  地累积指数(Igeo)分级标准
IPLzone <1 1~2 2~3 ≥3
污染等级 0 I
污染程度 无污染 中等污染 强污染 极强污染
Table 3  污染负荷指数等级划分
元素 最小值/10-6 最大值/10-6 平均值/10-6 中位数/10-6 标准差/10-6 变异系数/% 天津市背景值[12]/10-6
Cd 0.08 0.73 0.19 0.18 0.12 0.63 0.17
Hg 0.02 0.17 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.44 0.04
Pb 11.8 112.8 24.1 23.5 13.95 0.57 26.2
As 2.44 23.8 11.9 11.9 4.42 0.37 10
Cr 33.6 138.7 75.5 72.9 15.9 0.21 77.8
Zn 34.3 214.3 78.9 76.8 29.6 0.37 86.2
Cu 13.4 134.5 30.6 29.7 29.6 0.51 30.6
pH 4.46 7.88 7.03 7.31 0.81 0.11 8.07
Table 4  土壤重金属元素含量统计
元素 单项污染指数Pi 样点占比/%
最小值 最大值 平均值 中位数 清洁 轻污染 中污染 重污染
Cd 0.14 2.44 0.57 0.44 88.3 10.0 1.7 0
Hg 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.02 100 0 0 0
Pb 0.09 0.94 0.21 0.18 100 0 0 0
As 0.08 0.79 0.42 0.42 100 0 0 0
Cr 0.13 0.69 0.38 0.36 100 0 0 0
Zn 0.11 0.86 0.33 0.30 100 0 0 0
Cu 0.13 1.35 0.39 0.34 98.3 1.7 0 0
Table 5  土壤重金属元素单项污染指数统计结果
评价结果 综合污染指数 样本数 占比/%
最小值 最大值 平均值
清洁 0.16 0.65 0.45 51 85.0
尚清洁 0.70 0.92 0.80 5 8.3
轻度污染 1.08 1.82 1.34 4 6.7
中度污染
重度污染
Table 6  内梅罗综合污染指数法评价结果
元素 地累积指数Igeo 污染等级样点占比/%
最小值 最大值 平均值 无污染 无—中污染 中污染 中污染—强污染 强污染—极强污染 极强污染
Cd -0.43 2.69 0.77 5.0 68.3 21.7 5.0 0.0 0.0
Hg -0.15 2.69 1.03 1.7 41.7 50.0 6.7 0.0 0.0
Pb -0.57 2.69 0.47 15.0 78.3 5.0 1.7 0.0 0.0
As -1.45 1.84 0.73 8.3 56.7 35.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cr -0.63 1.42 0.51 5.0 90.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Zn -0.74 1.90 0.46 11.7 80.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.0
Cu -0.60 2.72 0.59 8.3 78.3 11.7 1.7 0.0 0.0
Table 7  地累积指数及其污染等级划分结果统计
Fig.2  土壤重金属元素污染负荷指数分布
元素 最小值/10-6 最大值/10-6 平均值/10-6 中位数/10-6 标准差 变异系数/% 限量标准/10-6
Cd 0.001 0.020 0.003 0.002 0.004 129.2 0.5
Hg 0.001 0.007 0.004 0.003 0.002 52.9 0.02
Pb 0.021 0.114 0.044 0.040 0.022 49.7 0.2
As 0.027 0.142 0.043 0.037 0.026 60.4 0.5
Cr 0.613 0.981 0.760 0.744 0.105 13.8 1.0
Zn 16.43 33.94 25.48 27.58 6.27 24.6
Cu 8.90 18.88 14.68 14.69 2.87 19.6
Table 8  核桃中重金属元素含量统计
Fig.3  核桃中不同元素富集系数
[1] 张红桔, 赵科理, 叶正钱, 等. 典型山核桃产区土壤重金属空间异质性及其风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2018,39(6):2893-2903.
[1] Zhang H J, Zhao K L, Ye Z Q, et al. Spatial variation of heavy metals in soils and its ecological risk evaluation in a typical carya cathayensisproduction area[J]. Environmental Science, 2018,39(6):2893-2903.
[2] 李世亮, 倪张林, 莫润宏, 等. 云贵川主产区核桃中重金属污染水平及其风险评估[J]. 林业科学, 2017,53(11):52-59.
[2] Li S L, Ni Z L, Mo R H, et al. The contents and risk assessments of heavy metals in walnuts from the main producing area of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan provinces[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2017,53(11):52-59.
[3] Zhang M M, He P, Qiao G, et al. Heavy metal contamination assessment of surface sediments of the Subei Shaol, China: Spatial distribution, source apportionment and ecological risk[J]. Chemosphere, 2019,223:211-222.
doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.058 pmid: 30784728
[4] Chai Y, Guo J, Chai S L, et al. Source identification of eight heavy metals in grassland soils by multivariate analysis from the Baicheng-Songyuan area, Jilin Province, Northeast China[J]. Chemosphere, 2015,134:67-75.
doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.008 pmid: 25911049
[5] 李裕瑞, 王志炜, 门大威, 等. 平原农区空心村典型土壤的重金属污染评价——以山东省禹城市为例[J]. 农业资源与环境学报, 2017,34(4):328-334.
[5] Li Y R, Wang Z W, Men D W, et al. Consolidation and using oriented evaluation of heavy metal pollution in typical soils of hollowed villages of plain agricultural zones: A case study of Yucheng city, Shandong province, China[J]. Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment, 2017,34(4):328-334.
[6] Müller G. Schwermetalle in den sedimenten des rheins-veranderungen seit 1971[J]. Umschau, 1979,79:778-783.
[7] Håkanson L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control: A sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research, 1980,14(8):975-1001.
doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(80)90143-8
[8] Tomlinson D L, Wilson J G, Harris C R, et al. Problems in theassessment of heavy-metal levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollutionindex[J]. Helgoland Marine Research, 1980,33(1):566.
[9] 张又文, 韩建华, 涂棋, 等. 天津市郊农田土壤重金属积累特征及评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019,35(11):1445-1452.
[9] Zhang Y W, Han J H, Tu Q, et al. Accumulation characteristics and evaluation of heavy metals in suburban farmland soils of Tianjin[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019,35(11):1445-1452.
[10] 纪冬丽, 曾琬晴, 张新波, 等. 天津近郊农田土壤重金属风险评价及空间主成分分析[J]. 环境化学, 2019,38(9):1955-1965.
[10] Ji D L, Zeng W Q, Zhang X B, et al. Ecological risk assessment and principal component analysis of heavy metals in suburban farmland soils of Tianjin[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2019,38(9):1955-1965.
[11] 祝培甜, 赵中秋, 陈勇, 等. 江苏省某镇土壤重金属污染评价[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017,11(4):2535-2541.
[11] Zhu P T, Zhao Z Q, Chen Y, et al. Evaluation of soil heavy metals pollution in a town, Jiangsu province[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017,11(4):2535-2541.
[12] 王卫星, 曹淑萍, 李攻科, 等. 天津板栗品质分析及其立地地质背景研究[J]. 物探与化探, 2017,41(4):972-976.
[12] Wang W X, Cao S P, Li G K, et al. Chemical composition analysis and site geological background of castanea mollissima blume quality in Tianjin[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2017,41(5):972-976.
[13] Zhang X Y, Sui Y Y, Zhang X D, et al. Spatial variability of nutrient properties in black soil of Northeast China[J]. Pedosphere, 2007,17(1):19-29.
doi: 10.1016/S1002-0160(07)60003-4
[14] 孟昭虹, 高玉娟. 黑龙江生态省土壤重金属分布特征及其生态风险评价[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2008,36(31):13819-13821.
[14] Meng Z H, Gao Y J. Distribution characteristics of heavy metals in soils of Heilongjiang ecological province and its ecological risk assessment[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008,36(31):13819-13821.
[15] 师荣光, 张又文, 许萌萌, 等. 天津市郊区土壤重金属的污染评价与来源解析[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2019,38(5):1069-1078.
[15] Shi R G, Zhang Y W, Xu M M, et al. Pollution evaluation and source apportionment of heavy metals in soils from Tianjin suburbs, China[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2019,38(5):1069-1078.
[16] 孟令仪, 徐梦洁, 李小曼, 等. 基于多种方法的苏南镇域土壤重金属污染评价[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2016,44(34):114-118.
[16] Meng L Y, Xu M J, Li X M, et al. Evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution in southern towns of Jiangsu province by multiple methods[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2016,44(34):114-118.
[17] 虎海防, 郑伟华, 张强, 等. 新疆6个核桃品种种仁主要营养成分比较分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2010,47(6):1122-1125.
[17] Hu H F, Zheng W H, Zhang Q, et al. Comparative analysis on main nutrient components in the kernel of six walnut varieties in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2010,47(6):1122-1125.
[18] 刘道荣, 郑基滋, 占玄, 等. 临安山核桃主产区林地土壤重金属生态风险评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2019,43(6):1382-1388.
[18] Liu D R, Zheng J Z, Zhan X, et al. Ecological risk evaluation of heavy metals in soils of carya cathayensis plantations, Lin’an[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2019,43(6):1382-1388.
[19] 方如康. 环境学词典[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2003: 127-128.
[19] Fang R K. Dictionary of environmental sciences[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2003: 127-128.
[20] Han Y, Ni Z, Li S, et al. Distribution, relationship, and risk assessment of toxic heavy metals in walnuts and growth soil[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2018,25(18):17434-17443.
pmid: 29656354
[1] 范海印, 宋蕊蕊, 于林松, 滕永波, 万方, 张秀文, 李圣玉, 赵闯. 鲁西北地区某典型化工园区地下水重金属污染特征及健康风险评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(5): 1326-1335.
[2] 杨婵, 吴娟娟, 车旭曦, 岳思羽, 刘智峰, 宋凤敏. 汉江上游水体沉积物污染状况分析与评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(5): 1361-1370.
[3] 王惠艳, 彭敏, 马宏宏, 张富贵. 贵州典型重金属高背景区耕地土壤重金属生态风险评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(4): 1109-1117.
[4] 弓秋丽, 杨剑洲, 王振亮, 严慧. 海南省琼中县土壤—茶树中重金属的迁移特征及饮茶健康风险[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(3): 826-834.
[5] 王磊, 卓小雄, 吴天生, 凌胜华, 钟晓宇, 赵晓孟. 调查评价的土壤元素累积趋势预测——以广西南宁市西乡塘区为例[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(1): 1-13.
[6] 宋运红, 杨凤超, 刘凯, 戴慧敏, 许江, 杨泽. 三江平原耕地土壤重金属元素分布特征及影响因素的多元统计分析[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(5): 1064-1075.
[7] 居字龙, 秦志军, 万翔, 袁航, 张小波, 王登. 湖北红安县生态地质调查土壤重金属分布特征及生态风险评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(4): 988-998.
[8] 徐雄, 孙艳亭, 肖方, 肖培平, 董应尚, 李敏. 菏泽市水系沉积物重金属特征及风险评估[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(4): 1021-1029.
[9] 阎琨, 庞国涛, 李伟, 毛方松. 广西茅尾海入海河口表层沉积物重金属分布及风险评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(4): 1030-1036.
[10] 范晨子, 袁继海, 刘成海, 郭威, 孙冬阳, 刘崴, 赵九江, 胡俊栋, 赵令浩. 云南省安宁地区土壤重金属等元素生态地球化学调查与评价[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(3): 761-771.
[11] 李生清. 海河流域沉积物重金属形态分布特征及生态风险评估[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(3): 781-786.
[12] 张沁瑞, 李欢, 邓宇飞, 黄勇, 张博, 许一波. 北京东南郊土壤重金属元素分布及其在表层土壤中的富集特征[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(2): 490-501.
[13] 周文龙, 杨志忠, 张涛, 忙是材, 杨正坤. 黔南荔波县水稻—根系土系统中硒含量影响因素分析[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(2): 502-510.
[14] 孟伟, 莫春虎, 刘应忠. 黔西北地区土壤重金属地球化学背景及管理目标值[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(1): 250-257.
[15] 耿涛, 杜辉, 冯治汉. 基于测点实测高程修正重力中区地改误差评价方法的探讨[J]. 物探与化探, 2021, 45(6): 1521-1529.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
京ICP备05055290号-3
版权所有 © 2021《物探与化探》编辑部
通讯地址:北京市学院路29号航遥中心 邮编:100083
电话:010-62060192;62060193 E-mail:whtbjb@sina.com , whtbjb@163.com