Bedrock surface and fault structures in the Rongcheng uplift revealed from reflection seismic profiles and their implications for the geothermal origin
LIU Hong-Kai1(), GAO Lei1, ZHANG Jie2, HOU He-Sheng1, XIE Min-Ying3, LI Hong-Qiang1()
1. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037,China 2. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000, China 3. China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China
The Rongcheng uplift in North China boasts abundant geothermal resources. Research indicates that the Rongcheng uplift exhibits significantly different physical properties between the bedrock surface and the overlying Cenozoic strata. Moreover, the bedrock surface serves as the primary top boundary of the geothermal reservoir in the Wumishan Formation. Investigating the fine-scale structures, burial depths, and faults of the bedrock surface in the Rongcheng uplift holds critical significance for understanding the distribution and enrichment of geothermal resources in the area and guiding their exploration and production. Through elaborative processing of the north-south reflection seismic profile data of the Rongcheng uplift, collected by the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in 2018, this study obtained the high-precision geometric structure of the Rongcheng uplift within a depth of 4 km. The geometric structure was calibrated using geothermal borehole data before interpretation. Key findings are as follows: (1) The Cenozoic sedimentary strata overlying the bedrock surface of the Rongcheng uplift exhibit a nearly horizontal layered distribution, serving as cap rocks of the Rongcheng geothermal field; (2) The bedrock surface of the Rongcheng uplift manifests burial depths ranging from 700 to 3 000 m, with gentle changes in the central portion, and rapidly deepening to around 3 000 m towards the periphery; (3) The Niunan and Rongdong faults converge in the deep part, constituting a fault system along with other medium and small faults, thus facilitating the conduction of water and heat; (4) The geometric structure of the Rongcheng uplift on the bedrock surface contributes to the convergence of heat flow beneath the uplift.
刘宏凯, 高磊, 张杰, 侯贺晟, 谢民英, 李洪强. 反射地震剖面揭示容城凸起基岩面和断裂结构及其对地热成因的启示[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(4): 934-944.
LIU Hong-Kai, GAO Lei, ZHANG Jie, HOU He-Sheng, XIE Min-Ying, LI Hong-Qiang. Bedrock surface and fault structures in the Rongcheng uplift revealed from reflection seismic profiles and their implications for the geothermal origin. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(4): 934-944.
Qiu N S, Xu W, Zuo Y H, et al. Evolution of Meso-Cenozoic thermal structure and thermal-rheological structure of the lithosphere in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern North China Craton[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2017, 24(3):13-26.
Wang G L, Gao J, Zhang B J, et al. Study on the thermal storage characteristics of the Wumishan Formation and huge capacity geothermal well parameters in the Gaoyang low uplift area of Xiong’an New Area[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2020, 94(7):1970-1980.
Chen M X, Huang G S, Zhang W R, et al. The temperature distribution pattern and the utilization of geothermal water at Niutuozhen basement protrusion of central Hebei Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 1982, 17(3):239-252.
Ma F, Wang G L, Zhang W, et al. Structure of geothermal reservoirs and resource potential in the Rongcheng geothermal field in Xiong’an New Area[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2020, 94(7):1981-1990.
Chang J, Qiu N S, Zhao X Z, et al. Present-day geothermal regime of the Jizhong depression in Bohai Bay Basin,East China[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2016, 59(3):1003-1016.
Guo S Y, Li X J. Reservoir stratum characterstics and geothermal resources potential of Rongcheng uplift geothermal field in Baoding,Hebei[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology:Scientia Geologica Sinica, 2013, 48(3):922-931.
Gao R, Zhou H, Lu Z W, et al. Deep seismic reflection profile reveals the deep process of continent-continent collision on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2022, 29(2):14-27.
doi: 10.13745/j.esf.sf.2021.7.13
Chen M X, Wang J Y, Wang J A, et al. The characteristics of the geothermal field and its formation mechanism in the North China down-faulted basin[J]. Acta Geological Sinica, 1990, 64(1):80-91.
Tang B N, Zhu C Q, Qiu N S, et al. Characteristics of the Karst thermal reservoir in the Wumishan Formation in the Xiong’an New Area[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2020, 94(7):2002-2012.
Sun D S, Liu C Y, Yang M H, et al. Study on complex extensional structures in the middle Jizhong depressionin the Bohai Bay basin[J]. Geological Review, 2004, 50(5):484-491.
He D F, Shan S Q, Zhang Y Y, et al. 3D geologic architecture of Xiongan New Area:Constraints from seismic reflection data[J]. Scientia Sinica:Terrae, 2018, 48(9):1207-1222.
[14]
翟明国. 华北克拉通的形成演化与成矿作用[J]. 矿床地质, 2010, 29(1):24-36.
[14]
Zhai M G. Tectonic evolution and metallogenesis of North China Craton[J]. Mineral Deposits, 2010, 29(1):24-36.
Yu F S, Qi J F, Wang C Y. Tectonic deformation of indosinian period in eastern part of North China[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2002, 31(4):402-406.
An M J, Zhao Y, Feng M, et al. What resulted in new tectonic activities in the eastern North China Craton in the Neogene?[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2011, 18(3):121-140.
Shang S J, Feng C J, Tan C X, et al. Quaternary activity study of major buried faults near Xiongan new area[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2019, 40(6):836-846.
[19]
梁苏娟. 冀中坳陷晚新生代地质构造特征及其油气赋存[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2001.
[19]
Liang S J. The Characteristics of Tectonics and Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Jizhong Depression in late Cenozoic era[D]. Xi’an: Northwest University, 2001.
Suo Y H, Li S Z, Cao X Z, et al. Mesozoic-Cenozoic inversion tectonics of East China and its implications for the subduction process of the oceanic plate[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2017, 24(4):249-267.
Hu Q Y, Gao J, Ma F, et al. Dynamic prediction of geothermal recoverable resources in the Rongcheng uplift area of the Xiong’an New Area[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2020, 94(7):2013-2025.
Dai M G, Lei H F, Hu J G, et al. Evaluation of recoverable geothermal resources and development parameters of Mesoproterozoic thermal reservoir with the top surface depth of 3500 m and shallow in Xiongan New Area[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019, 93(11):2874-2888.
Huang Y Y, Meng F H, Zhang Z E, et al. 3 D detection of deep structure in Xiongan New Area:The collection and construction summary of deep seismic reflection profile data collection and routine processing project in Xiongan New Area[R]. China National Petroleum Corporation. 2018.
Shan S Q. Structural geometry and kinematics of the Taihang Mountain piedmont fault and its controlling on the development of the Bohai Bay basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences, 2018.
Ma Y, Zhang B J, Yan J K, et al. Deep geothermal reservoir structure detection and geothermal well optimization technology in Xiongan new area[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2022, 43(5):699-710.
Lu K, Bao Z D, Ji H C, et al. Characteristics,main controlling factors and favorable area prediction of karstic geothermal reservoirs of the Jixianian Wumishan Formation in Xiongan New Area[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2019, 21(6):885-900.
Wang G L, Li J, Wu A M, et al. A study of the thermal storage characteristics of Gaoyuzhuang Formation,A new layer system of thermal reservoir in Rongcheng uplift area,Hebei Province[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2018, 39(5):533-541.
