TBM机施工隧道瞬变电磁超前探测研究

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2020.1606

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摘要

在隧道掘进机(TBM)施工隧道内,传统瞬变电磁的装置形式受到了TBM机械的限制,TBM自身的金属构件对二次场衰减电压的采集产生了强烈的电磁干扰。为了克服瞬变电磁法在TBM施工隧道内遇到的困难,在前人工作的基础上,尝试提出了一种基于电性源激发、电场分量采集的施工隧道瞬变电磁超前探测装置形式。针对钻爆法与TBM施工隧道各自不同的工况,利用三维时域有限差分法对单个电性源激励下隧道前方瞬变电磁场的分布规律与响应特征进行了正演模拟。通过对瞬变电磁场的分布规律以及响应特征进行分析,认为所述的电性源发射装置不仅可以在钻爆法施工隧道内使用,并且具有在TBM施工隧道内进行隧道超前预报的能力。

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	胡佳豪
	李貅
	刘航
	胡伟明
	岳鑫

关键词 ：隧道超前预报, TBM, 瞬变电磁法, 电性源, 电场分量采集

Abstract：

When the tunnel passes through the complex strata with bad geological development, it often encounters geological disasters such as water inrush, mud inrush, collapse and roof fall. During the construction of the tunnel, the advanced geological prediction for the adverse geological disasters such as water and mud inrush has become an important issue to ensure the construction safety. Transient electromagnetic method has been widely used in the prediction of tunnel and underground cavern construction period. However, with the increasingly complex construction environment, the application of traditional TEM is restricted by various factors. For example, in TBM construction tunnel, the traditional transient electromagnetic device form is limited by TBM machinery, and the metal components of TBM produce strong electromagnetic interference to the collection of secondary field attenuation voltage, which makes this kind of method difficult to apply to TBM construction tunnel at present. In order to overcome the difficulties encountered by TEM in TBM tunnel construction, the authors, based on previous work, attempted to put forward a type of TEM advanced detection device based on electrical source excitation and electric field component acquisition. According to the different working conditions of drilling and blasting method and TBM construction tunnel, the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method is used to simulate the distribution and response characteristics of transient electromagnetic field in front of the tunnel excited by a single electrical source. Based on the analysis of the distribution and response characteristics of transient electromagnetic field, the authors hold that the single electrical source launching device not only can be used in the tunnel construction by drilling and blasting but also has the capability of advanced prediction in the tunnel construction by TBM.

Key words： tunnel advance prediction TBM transient electromagnetic method electrical source electric field component acquisition

收稿日期: 2019-12-27 出版日期: 2020-10-26

P631

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1502600);国家自然科学基金重点项目(41830101)

作者简介: 胡佳豪(1996- ),男,就读于长安大学地质工程与测绘学院地球物理系,硕士研究生,研究方向:瞬变电磁法。Email: hujiahao_pa@163.com

引用本文:

胡佳豪, 李貅, 刘航, 胡伟明, 岳鑫. TBM机施工隧道瞬变电磁超前探测研究[J]. 物探与化探, 2020, 44(5): 1183-1189.
HU Jia-Hao, LI Xiu, LIU Hang, HU Wei-Ming, YUE Xin. Research on the advanced detection of transient electromagnetic in tunnel construction by TBM. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2020, 44(5): 1183-1189.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2020.1606 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2020/V44/I5/1183

Fig.1 FDTD计算采用的Yee晶胞格式

Fig.2 隧道模型示意

Fig.3 隧道掌子面发射源与接收点布设示意

Fig.4 TBM机计算模型

Fig.5 含TBM机的模型示意

Fig.6 关断后10 μs 隧道模型掌子面前方电场分布

Fig.7 关断后10 μs TBM机模型掌子面前方电场分布

Fig.8 隧道掌子面上观测点的电场E_x、E_y、E_z分量衰减曲线对比(观测点见图3所示)

Fig.9 TBM机不同退刀距离下关断后10 μs后E_x分量在xOz平面上的分布

Fig.10 TBM机不同退刀距离下的E_x分量的衰减曲线(观测点见图3所示)

Fig.11 计算模型示意

Fig.12 TBM施工隧道含水断层距离隧道掌子面不同距离下E_x异常响应曲线(观测点见图3所示)

Fig.13 含水异常体距隧道掌子面15 m模型下的电场水平分量衰减曲线及视电阻率曲线

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