Grounded-source transient electromagnetic method (TEM) has many advantages such as deep exploration, flexible arrangement in rough terrain and high working efficiency. Recently it has got much attention and a series of new methods are available, ranging from surface to airborne and borehole method. In this paper, the authors review the research history of long-offset TEM (LOTEM), short-offset TEM (SOTEM), multi-channel TEM(MTEM), grounded-source semi-airborne TEM and grounded-source surface to borehole TEM, and summarize their research status in forward modeling, system design, inversion, imaging and field working. The results show that, as a well-developed grounded-source TEM, LOTEM has accumulated many research achievements. Although some progress has been made, the researches on other grounded-source TEMs are still in a primary stage and still need further improvement. Valuable research results in LOTEM, for example, noise suppression technology, high dimensional inversion and point interpretation, can be introduced to these newly developed electromagnetic methods, which can help provide solutions for high working efficiency and high resolution deep exploration.

This paper has summed up the progress of the ERI method over the past decade of years as well as its future development trend in the following aspects: ① A comparison of the performances of the main ERI instruments used at present shows that the ERI instruments tend to develop in the multi-channel, multi-parameter, multi-functional, high-power direction; ② ERI measurement environment has changed from surface measurement to water surface, underwater and cross-hole measurements, with the last three kinds of measurements analyzed in this paper; ③ On the basis of analyzing ERI data processing method and inverse development status, this paper describes three-dimensional and four-dimensional inversion theory of ERI with practical examples; ④ ERT applications are summed up, and several new applications are introduced. It is concluded that, with the improvement of the probing depth and observation precision as well as the diversification of the observation models, the application field of ERI will become broader and broader, and this technique will surely have wide development prospect.

Due to historical reasons, the present coordinate systems of the geological, geophysical and geochemical exploration results are basically WGS84, BJ54 or XA80 systems; nevertheless, according to the NASG requirements on the overall use of CGCS2000 coordinates, in the future the coordinates for all kinds of results should be CGCS2000 coordinates, which causes inconvenient situation in using the results and in comprehensive research work. As a professional geographic information system software, ArcGIS has a wide range of applications in various walks. In this paper, the authors briefly introduced the ArcGIS built-in coordinate system, studied and deduced the calculation formula of the MOLODENSKY coordinate conversion method in ArcGIS, put forward the method to get the conversion and precision evaluation of transformation parameters between different ellipsoids, and cited practical examples for verification. On such a basis, the specific ideas and points for attention were analyzed for each coordinate system in the conversion of ArcGIS software to CGCS2000.

In the light of the pulse width of the radar wave, this paper deals with the difference and the relationship between the vertical resolution and the transverse resolution of the ground-penetrating radar, indicates the influence of the noise upon the resolution and, with practical examples, points out that the digital handling of the signal can greatly improve the resolution of the radar.

Element abundances of the continental crust and rocks cited in the past and recent literature have been based on compilations of data from various studies. This leads to uncertainties in sample representativeness and data quality. The present study is based on systematic collection of 28 253 individual rock samples over an area of 3.3 million km² in eastern China, east of eastern longitude of 105°.The sampling involves more than 800 igneous intrusive bodies and metamorphic complexes as well as more than 500 type stratigraphic sections. From the individual rock samples, 2 718 composite samples were made and analyzed for 77 elements by 15 specific methods, dominantly XRF and INAA. Analytical quality was controlled by international and national preliminary geochemical reference materials of GSR, GAu and GPt series. Synthetic results from geological, geochemical and geophysical studies were used to construct crustal constitution model, from which element abundances of the continental crust in the North China platform, the upper crust and exposed crust in eastern China, chemical composition of igneous rock in China and of sedimentary rock and metamorphic rock in eastern China were derived.

This paper has summed up the development and new application of ground-searching radar in recent years. Based on detailed analysis of the principle and system structure of ground-searching radar, the authors put forward the train of thought for improving system structure of ground-searching radar and, aimed at solving the great noise existing in ground-searching radar work and the inadaptability in transplantation of seismic data-processing technique, raise a new scheme for underground interface high-resolution imaging of ground-searching radar.

The concept of deep penetration exploration geochemistry is proposed by the author based on the latest advances of geochemical methods for deeply concealed deposits. Deep penetration exploration geochemistry, a new branch of exploration geochemistry, involves the measurement of any direct geochemical information emanating from the deeply concealed deposits. Its purpose is to find deeply concealed deposits by employing newly recognized geochemical methods which can penetrate thick overburden. Abrief description of its research scope and necessity is given in this paper.

Based on a brief review of the development history and an analysis of the present situation of airborne radioactivity survey technology in China, this paper points out that a complete system of airborne radioactivity survey technology has been formed in China. By making a systematic and comprehensive summary of the major progress and technological innovation achievements of airborne radioactivity survey in China over the past 60 years, the authors believe that the research and development of airborne radioactivity instrument and the technical level have reached the international advanced level, and the technological innovation achievements have been expanded from mineral exploration to engineering geology, hydrogeological survey, environmental investigation, monitoring and some other fields. This paper discusses the main directions of airborne radioactivity survey technology development, summarizes the main problems that are exposed in practical work, and puts forward some suggestions for further work which have a certain guiding significance for uranium exploration based on airborne radioactivity survey as well as for investigation and planning of basic geological and environmental work in China.

The structure in the west of the Weihe Basin is complex. At present, there are different views on the basic geological problems in such aspects as the division of the tectonic units, the characteristics of stratigraphic development and the properties of basement. In this study, the distribution characteristics and basement properties of the sedimentary strata in the western part of Weihe Basin were inferred by using four newly implemented magnetotelluric (MT) sounding profiles in Baoji area, in combination with the gravity data and through the comprehensive interpretation of gravity and electricity. The results show that, along the route from Longxian to Fengxiang, the resistivity anomaly is low, the gravity is high, the Cenozoic sediments are thin, and the basement is shallow. The Cretaceous strata are exposed in some areas, and the basement of the area is dominated by the Mesozoic strata. In Qianyang area, there are high resistivity value and high gravity value, and the surface outcrop is complex. There exist Cambrian, Ordovician, Triassic, Cretaceous, Jurassic and some other strata, and the basement is composed of Mesozoic-Paleozoic-Proterozoic strata. In the west of Fufeng, south of Qishan, the resistivity value drops sharply from the north and south sides, and the basement is assumed to be composed of metamorphic rocks. The northern part of Baoji to Meixian area is characterized by high resistivity and gravity, and the northern part of Baoji to Meixian area has partly exposed Cretaceous strata with Paleozoic-Proterozoic basement. The south of Baoji to Meixian area is characterized by high resistivity and low gravity. There is a large area of granite outcrops, with the basement composed of granite.

Porphyry copper deposit is the most important copper deposit type in China. With the deepening of mineral exploitation, exploration geochemistry in mineral exploration has become increasingly important. Based on related literature, this paper sums up the exploration geochemical research results of porphyry copper deposits, which include such aspects as geochemical characteristics, exploration methods, anomaly evaluation and prospecting indicators. Exemplified by the Fujiawu copper deposit, this paper reports the latest advances in the study of porphyry copper deposits.

Four basic problems in the application of Ground penetrtion-radar are discussed in this paper:(1) the wave-impedance of electromagnetic wave transmission in strata; (2) the reflectivity and transmissivity of electromagnetic field at the subsurface of strata; (3) reflective phase and propagating velocity of electromagnetic wave in strta; (4) detection depth of the Ground-penetration radar.

In this paper, a simple method for normalization of geochemical data is described. It can be used to reduce the differences between different analytical batches and normalize the data from different areas which have different background values. The method lies in using the ratio of the original analytical value to mean or median value in the batch multiplied by a reference value. The transfer value is given the name apparent content. Two examples are given in this paper to illustrate the details of adjusting the differences.

This paper deals with three gravity satellites, namely CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE. Satellite gravity data are widely used in such fields as the recovery of the earth's gravity field, the land water storage, the study of the geoid change, the elastic thickness, the crustal thickness, the gravity variance before and after earthquake and the crustal movement. Lots of successful and valuable research results were obtained. It is considered that the satellite gravity survey technology is by for superior to traditional gravity survey and will surely have larger application space.

Studying the occurrence of natural gas hydrates (NGHs) is of profound significance for NGH exploration. The evaluation of the NGH saturation mainly relies on the Archie equation using the electrical parameters of rocks. The key to accurately calculating the NGH saturation is to select corresponding values of rock electrical parameters for different geological environments, especially the porosity index (m) and the saturation index (n). However, it is still a challenge to select the optimal m and n values for NGH evaluation in resistivity logging. To ascertain the relevant resistivity regularity of NGHs and the determination method of rock electrical parameter values in the Archie equation, this study systematically reviewed relevant references and summarized the resistivity influencing factors of NGHs. Moreover, this study analyzed the influencing factors for the accurate evaluation of the NGH saturation based on the Archie equation. Accordingly, this study generalized the resistivity characteristics of NGH-bearing sediments and proposed the application research direction of the Archie equation.

In this paper, recent advances in the research and development of quantum magnetometers have been described together with some suggestions on further research work.

Based on characteristics of accompanying metallic minerals and wall lock alterations in six large-sized or gigantic gold deposits (fields), this paper analyses the physical prerequisite for indirect gold prospecting by using IPmethod. With the ore-prospecting work conducted in such gold deposits as Jiapigou of Jilin, Jiaojia of eastern Shandong, and Ailaoshan of Yunnan as examples, the author describes briefly the effectiveness of IPmethod in gold prospecting as well as the unfavorable factors affecting its application. It is pointed out that, though of some limitations, the IPmethod remains a fairly effective geophysical prospecting method in search for gold deposits under favorable geological-geophysical conditions. In order to raise the rate of conect detection in gold prospecting, the IPmethod should be actively used in such aspects as the search for concealed and blind deposits, the inspection of geochemical anomalies and the 1:50000 integrated geophysical-geochemical prospecting in metallogenic provinces.

An analysis of the relationship between the elements in the earth's crust and the life elements and a study of the pathogenesis of some typical endemic diseases have revealed that unbalance of trace elements in geochemical environments is likely to result in human diseases. The factors affecting the balance of trace elements in human bodies are geochemical environments and nutrition components. The authors hold that the important measures that can guarantee the balance of trace elements in human bodies lie in the optimization and utilization of geochemical environments and the balance of bioavailable trace elements from the nutrition.

Recommendation system algorithms, having recently garnered significant attention in the field of digital Earth science, are expected to be widely applied in metallogenic prediction. Traditional metallogenic prediction studies fail to fully mine the various types of semantic information in massive geoscience data. The deep interest evolution network (DIEN), as a recommendation system algorithm, can fully mine semantic information to predict user preferences. Therefore, this study employed the DIEN model as the prediction model and the semantic information extracted from bedrock interpretation as the ore-controlling elements according to the database provided by the Western Australian government. The model was trained to perform metallogenic prediction for the study area. The prediction results indicate that 92.95% of uranium ore occurrences fell within the medium-high probability zone in the prediction map, with some unknown zones also showing high prediction probabilities. After removing known uranium ore occurrences in some zones, the retrained model still yielded medium-high prediction probabilities in these zones. The results suggest that the DIEN can effectively mine semantic information in metallogenic prediction studies, and the DIEN model exhibits strong predictive capacity for the study area, providing a novel approach for metallogenic prediction studies.

The artificial source electromagnetic method is an important technique for deep resource exploration. The key challenge is to improve the depth and precision of detection through innovative technology. The detection mode of electromagnetic methods is evolving from far-field to near-field, and the study of near-source electromagnetic methods has become an international research frontier in recent years. Building on the recent advancements in wide-field electromagnetic methods and multi-channel transient electromagnetic methods, the short-offset transient electromagnetic method (SOTEM) has been further developed and proposed. The distinguishing features of SOTEM are its stronger signals and wider bandwidth, which are advantageous for achieving the detection requirements of greater depth and higher precision. This special issue presents eight articles covering the methods, techniques, software, and applications of SOTEM, providing strong support for the growing need for high-resolution subsurface detection.

A soil gas radon survey was performed on a large scale to determine the distribution of radon in soil of Zhuhai City in Guangdong Province by means of a portable radon monitor of a semiconductor alpha spectroscopy. The survey sampled 469 sites covering an area of more than 100 km². The average of soil radon concentration in the soil depth of 0.6 m is 55.94 ± 58.54 kBq/m³ in Zhuhai urban area, whereas the concentration is 7.14±8.75, 37.64±25.92, and 151.25±196.23 kBq/m³ in the Quaternary sediments, the mixtures of sediments and weathered grain of granite, and the weathered granite in Doumen District, respectively. The high radon potential areas are located within biotitic granites and new industrial districts, as indicated by the strong correlation between the radioactivity level and geological lithology. The mean value of soil gas radon concentration in Zhuhai urban area (ZUA) is about ten times as high as that in Guangzhou, Quanzhou and Jinjing City. The results show that Zhuhai area has higher radon potential, and hence protective measures against radon should be taken into account.

Surface wave dispersion curve inversion is an important geophysical method for obtaining the velocity and thickness distribution of underground shear wave.Conventional linear inversion methods,such as iterative least squares,relying on the initial model and multiple solution,are easy to fall into local minimum and low inversion accuracy.The stochastic inversion method based on Bayesian theory is a nonlinear inversion method which can integrate prior information.This method does not need initial model,only uses prior information to sample the model randomly,and selects and accepts the appropriate inversion model according to the probability distribution.It achieves the accurate estimation of the detail information.In this paper,the authors present a Bayesian Markov Monte Carlo (MCMC) stochastic inversion method based on GPR data constraints to invert the Rayleigh-waves dispersion curve.In the inversion process,by randomly changing the model parameters and calculating the likelihood function of the dispersion curve and the actual dispersion curve,researchers can choose whether to accept the new model parameters,repeat this process continuously,and finally get the best fitting result with the actual dispersion curve and the posterior probability density distribution of the VS solution.The typical numerical model test and field seismic data demonstrate that,compared with the conventional unconstrained stochastic inversion,the proposed method can effectively reduce the multiple solution and improve the efficiency and accuracy.

A comparison for the marine gravimeters on the same vessel was carried out between SAG-2M marine gravimeter developed by China and KSS31M marine gravimeter designed by Germany in order to test the technical performance and data reliability of SAG-2M marine gravimeter. The raw gravity data acquired from these two marine gravimeters were preprocessed according to the standards of marine geologic survey to obtain the free air gravity anomalies, and the comparison and relativity for those two types of gravity data were studied by analyzing the cross-point differences, survey lines and grid data. The result shows that the SAG-2M marine gravimeters have the same level of measurement accuracy with the KSS31M marine gravimeter because there is a highly linear relationship between the data from two marine gravimeters with an approximately similar variation trend. Based on the results of comparison, it is concluded that the self-developed SAG-2M marine gravimeter shares the similar standard of measurement accuracy with the KSS31M marine gravimeter with a stabilized technical performance, which provides an important reference for the future application of SAG-2M marine gravimeter.

This paper makes a generalized description of the scientific and technical advances in magnetic prospecting in China, which include such aspects as gro und magnetic survey, acromagnetic survey, marine magnetic survey, magnetism of rocks, paleomagnetism, absolute measurement of geomagnetic field. data pro cessing and interpretation of magnetic anomalies, and development tendency of this field.

Mineral resources are the lifeblood of national economic development. Electromagnetic method is one of the most effective methods to search for mineral resources.With the depletion of shallow resources, developing a both large-depth and high-precision electromagnetic method has become big challenge for all countries in the world, which is also the research hotspots. Aiming at the problems of shallow depth and low precision of the original artificial source frequency domain electromagnetic methods,from theory, method, technology to application, the author carried out systematic research and invented WIDE FIELD ELECTROMAGNETIC METHOD. It is a great leap forward for the development of frequency domain electromagnetic method from coarse to fine. As a result, the achievements of "large depth and high precision wide field electromagnetic exploration technology and equipment" have been formed, it won the First Prize of National Technological Invention in 2018.Wide field electromagnetic method provides a new technical means for oil and gas exploration, deep prospecting, coal mine water disaster detection, geological disaster prevention, fracturing monitoring and urban geophysical exploration. It has strongly supported the "deep ground" strategy oriented to the major needs of the country.The papers collected in this column are mainly distributed in the technical research fields of solid mineral, shale gas and geothermal exploration, fracturing monitoring and airborne geophysical application. This paper focuses on these papers and discusses the development of the theory and application of wide field electromagnetic method.

This paper deals in detail with the basic principles and interpretation techniques forthe detection of underground line pipes with the direct detection mothod.It advances a new vectorintersection drawing method for determining positions and depths of line Pipes and givingconfidence of the detection results.Results with high. confidence can ho provided in situ.Description is also made con-cerning the instrument and equipment for line pipe detection and their application of effects.

The Mangling ore concentration area with intense magmatic activity has become a focal area for deep prospecting in the North Qinling tectonic belt in recent years. The formation of molybdenum deposits in this area is closely related to small Late Jurassic acidic intrusions. To achieve breakthroughs in deep ore prospection within this area, this study conducted the wide-field electromagnetic sounding over the concealed Yaozhuang intrusion delineated based on gravity anomalies. The results indicate the presence of pronounced high-resistivity anomalies at depth, and it is inferred that the protruding part of the anomalies corresponds to the concealed Yaozhuang intrusion. The resistivity inversion results roughly delineated the variations in the top surface of the intrusion, with the elevations and N-S width of the top surface estimated at -300~620 m and 1300~1600 m, respectively. Drilling in the most favorable deep mineralized part confirmed the presence of the concealed intrusion and concealed molybdenum ore bodies. The results of this study demonstrate that the wide-field electromagnetic sounding method exhibits great sounding depths and high resolutions, serving as an effective method for deep ore prospecting in the Mangling ore concentration area.

The method of structural superimposed halo to find blind ore is a new method to find blind ore, which is based on the study of the theory of primary halo to find blind ore-the axial zoning of primary halo, and puts forward two new theories of ‘primary superimposed halo theory’ and ‘structural superimposed halo theory’. The accuracy of blind ore prediction by superimposed halo of structure is determined by the correctness of prediction marks and indexes. Based on the summary of seven common signs of structural superimposed halos in the prediction of deep blind ore deposits in more than 100 hydrothermal deposits, four important quantitative qualitative prediction signs are upgraded to quantitative prediction indicators. The structural superimposed halo prediction signs and indicators of 17 different combinations of accurate prediction of blind ore and discrimination of ore body denudation degree in the deep and periphery of the mining area are described in detail, and a practical ideal model of structural superimposed halo for predicting blind ore and discriminating ore body denudation degree is established. The common prediction signs and indicators of the model have important guiding significance for the prediction of deep blind ore in typical hydrothermal deposits, and have achieved remarkable prospecting results in more than 100 mine applications.

The nuclear magnetic resonance is a new geophysical technique for groundwater explration. characterized by direct water survey. The present paper deals with the principle, instrumental equipment and working process of this technique and, with two examples, illustrates the availability of this technique in water exploration.

Due to dense buildings and structures and insufficient drilling surveys, the construction of shield tunnels passing through urban karst formations that host dense buildings faces significant risks of surface fracturing and subsidence caused by karst development. Hence, this study employed the microtremor survey technology with strong anti-interference capability in complex environments to address this challenge. Based on the technology, it analyzed the structural characteristics of wave velocities in underground rock formations through the inversion of the apparent shear-wave velocity profile. Combined with geological drilling data, it inferred the bedrock interface, highly weathered unconsolidated formations, and karst cave anomaly zones. Key findings are as follows: (1) The apparent shear-wave velocities in the study area gradually increased from the shallow to deep formations. Formations with wave velocities above and below 300 m/s were inferred to be limestone and Quaternary formations, respectively, with the rock-soil interface at depths approximately between 10~15 m; (2) Seven low-value anomaly zones of apparent shear-wave velocities ranging from 150~240 m/s were interpreted. They were presumed to be unconsolidated formations or karst caves at depths ranging from 8~30 m. Relying on strong anti-interference and high accuracy, the microtremor survey technology can accurately identify the shear-wave velocity structures of underground profiles, lithologic interfaces of formations, unconsolidated formations, and karst cave anomalies. Therefore, the technology is effective in the geological exploration of urban dense building areas with karst development.

Using the results from the fixed point sounding and the traditional sounding methods (symmetric quadrupole sounding and Wenner sounding) in a certain lead-zinc ore district, the authors summed up the results of three different methods. It is held that the fixed point source sounding method is superior to the traditional electrical sounding methods in such aspects as the determination of the central buried depth, geometric shape, and mode of occurrence of the ore body.

The phase difference (i.e., time difference) and amplitude difference between the geomagnetic data of the offshore work area and the geomagnetic diurnal variation data of the remote stations are still challenges to the precision of the marine magnetic survey network. Based on the stations on both sides of the East China Sea and three stations in Europe at higher latitudes, this study analyzed and made statistics on the numerical differences in morphological characteristics, phase differences, and amplitude differences of the diurnal variation curves during the daytime, nighttime, and the periods of intense magnetic disturbance. The results are as follows. During the daytime, the phase difference between the stations is constantly changing, resulting in a large amplitude difference around noon. During the nighttime, the data of the stations have consistent phases, and the amplitude difference is mostly less than 4 nT. During strong magnetic disturbance activities such as magnetic storms, the phases of the stations are consistent, and the amplitude difference is even smaller than that during quiet days. According to the survey data of the ocean, the absolute value of the difference at intersections between the survey lines during magnetic storms and quiet days is less than 3.2 nT. The variation characteristics of the phase difference and amplitude difference of the geomagnetic diurnal data between stations facilitate the diurnal variation correction of the marine geomagnetic data.

As mature oilfields are in their middle to late exploitation stage, the Gaotaizi oil layer exhibits significantly increased water saturation, elusive longitudinal stratification, and unknown distribution patterns of regional residual oil. These complicate the potential exploitation, energy conservation, and emission reduction. To ascertain the distribution of residual oil in the Gaotaizi oil layer in order to guide production operations and clarify potential targets, this study identified the longitudinal distribution of residual oil in the study area using the pulsed neutron-neutron (PNN) logging technique. The comparison between the monitoring results and production data of 10 wells revealed a coincidence rate of measures of 80%. The results of this study show that the PNN logging technique can be used to effectively identify the longitudinal distribution of residual oil in reservoirs and yields encouraging application performance in guiding the hole filling and water plugging for single wells in high-water-cut layers, thus increasing oil production. This technique has increased the evaluation accuracy of residual oil saturation in the Gaotaizi oil layer in the mature oilfield. It can provide technical support for formulating and adjusting subsequent oilfield exploitation schemes and offer a scientific basis for further guiding efficient reservoir exploitation, energy conservation, and emission reduction.

The tin-polymetallic mining area of the Yue'e ore district, XiengKhouang Province, Laos, is located in the west of the XiengKhouang Laos-Changshan Vietnam tectonic magmatic belt. Based on the 1:25 000 valley system soil geochemical survey, combined with an analysis of the characteristics of element variation coefficients and concentration coefficients, the correlation of elements, anomaly verification, and gold and other polymetallic ore prospecting potentials, the authors optimized multiple target and prospects areas. The position of the mineralized body was inferred based on geochemical exploration anomalies in key target areas. Through trench verification and drilling engineering verification, good prospecting results were achieved. The area is considered to have copper, tin, lead, zinc, tungsten. It is shown that this method can quickly delineate the prospecting target area and distant scenic area in the thick coverage area and extensive blank research area of Southeast Asian tropical monsoon climate, and can provide an effective basis for the next exploration work.

Development of cost effective surface geochemical methods is a real challenge to regional exploration for new large and giant deposits in diverse overburden terrians. New geochemical methods——NAMEG (collection of nanoscale metals in earthgas) and MOMEO (leaching of mobile forms of metals in overburden) have been developed. These two methods have been widely investigated for their usefulness and suitability for strategic reconnaissance surveys with wide spaced sampling for delineation of broad geochemical patterns generating from concealed giant ore deposits.Encouraging results have been obtained. (1) Large regional anomalies occur across large and giantore deposits or metallogenic belts. Methods focused on them can be used to delineate strategic targets for the discovery of giant ore deposits. (2) The methods give a significant response to deep seated mineralization at a depth of over 300 meters. The cover does not mask the mineralization indicators. (3) Use of both methods can obtain more reliable information generated from the deep buried mineralization. (4) MOMEOmethods can be used to estimates the quantity of metals available for mineralization. (5) These new techniques can significantly reduce the geophysical and drilling costs.

The static test of gravimeter is a necessary step for the performance inspection of gravity before the beginning of gravity exploration. Because the principle of data processing in static test is too simple that no one attaches importance to it. So there is no standard and systematic way to deal with it. Nevertheless, its computing process is very complex. When a beginner faces a large number of data and multiple goals, he is prone to neglect one of them or to repeat the calculation. This causes the waste of time. Excel has powerful functions of mathematical calculation and graphic display, and is widely used and easy to operate. Excel can process original observation records of static test of CG-5 gravimeter, quickly get a static test data table and zero point drift curve and its fitting line diagram. At the same time, parameters such as the deviation of zero point drift curve and the straight line as well as the average zero point drift rate are calculated. The scatter plot trend line function of Excel also improves the calculation method and accuracy of static zero shift correction parameter DRIFT. This static test data processing method is quick, accurate and intuitive.

The analysis of the influencing factors constitutes the basis of designing the precise line interval in magnetic

searching. Taking the underwater small object as a magnetic dipole, the authors found the law of the magnetic force attenuation

of the magnetic object. A formula for defining searching line space was put forward based on an organic analysis of the influence

caused by such factors as the magnetic force, signaltonoise of the instrument, geomagnetic change, geomagnetic diurnal

variation, and dynamic working condition.

We figured out the estimated values of 12 major elements and 40 minor elementsof the exposed crust of Inner Mongolia with 392 samples which are collected from five seismic sections of Inner Mongolia. And the weighted values are obtained by the thickness of different rocks in every stratigraphy and the areas of stratigraphies and magmatic bodies in the geology map. The estimated values are proved reasonable by surface heat flow value, average seismic wave velocity and elements ratio.Comparing the major element estimated values with ones given by other researchers, the average composition of Inner Mongolia is similar to others’, which are also granodioritic, except that the Ca and Mg abundances are a little low. Researching on the estimated values of minor element, rare earth element and some element ratio, we found that there is intense crust differentiation in thenorth margin of North China Plate, and intense accretion inXingmeng Orogenic Belt.