鄂西水月寺地区Landsat8-OLI遥感蚀变信息与地球化学奇异性异常信息融合应用

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1329

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鄂西经历了长期剧烈的岩浆热液活动以及区域变质作用,为金矿形成提供了有利的条件。近年来,水月寺地区随着地表矿、露头矿逐渐勘查殆尽,金矿找矿工作正向覆盖区和深部等新领域拓展,由于该区地形起伏较大,植被覆盖率较高,地形切割严重,找矿难度不断增大,急需一套高效的找矿思路实现找矿突破。本文通过地质调查分析,统计水月寺金矿区9条金矿脉与金矿化关系密切的蚀变类型,利用数值运算等方法对Landsat8-OLI遥感影像进行蚀变信息提取,并利用多元统计分析、局部奇异性分析等方法提取元素分布的弱异常信息,通过数据融合技术实现遥感蚀变异常信息与奇异性异常信息的融合,结合成矿地质背景、成矿规律等综合信息划分出19个成矿远景区,在杨家淌—财神庙等地发现新的异常线索。通过奇异性分析和数据融合相结合的新思路,不但提高了地球化学异常空间的分辨率,丰富了地物空间细节,而且增强了与金矿化有关的弱异常信息,能够快速、高效地识别、提取综合异常和预测找矿远景区。

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	保其兵
	杨朋
	周舟
	雷雳
	夏庆霖
	刘银
	龚银
	卢金祥

关键词 ：地球化学异常, 遥感蚀变异常, 数据融合, 远景区预测

Abstract：

Prolonged intense magmatic-hydrothermal activity and regional metamorphism in western Hubei Province created favorable conditions for the formation of gold deposits. As the Shuiyuesi area witnessed a thorough exploration of surface and outcrop mines, the prospecting of gold deposits in the area has shifted to overburden and deep zones in recent years. However, the prospecting in the Shuiyuesi area becomes gradually complicated due to significant topographic relief, high vegetation coverage, and severe terrain cutting. Hence, efficient prospecting approaches are urgently needed to achieve breakthroughs in ore prospecting. Through geological survey and analysis, this study statistically analyzed the alteration types intimately associated with gold mineralization in nine gold veins of the Shuiyuesi area. It extracted alteration information from Landsat8-OLI remote sensing images using methods like numerical operations, and weak anomaly information of element distribution using methods like multivariate statistical analysis and local singularity analysis. Employing the data integration technology, it integrated the alteration anomaly information from remote sensing images and the singularity anomaly information. Based on comprehensive information, such as geological settings for mineralization and metallogenic regularity, this study identified 19 metallogenic prospect areas and new anomaly clues in the Yangjiatang-Caishenmiao area. The novel approach combining singularity analysis and data integration enhanced the spatial resolution of geochemical anomalies, the spatial details of surface features, and weak anomaly information associated with gold mineralization, thus enabling rapid and efficient identification and extraction of comprehensive anomalies and prediction of metallogenic prospect areas.

Key words： geochemical anomaly alteration anomaly from remote sensing images data integration prospect area prediction

收稿日期: 2023-07-22 修回日期: 2024-03-15 出版日期: 2024-10-20

ZTFLH:

P632

基金资助:中国地质调查局项目(DD20242250);中国地质调查局项目(DD20230138);中国地质调查局项目(DD20221814);湖北省综合性地质区划(鄂西片)项目(KCDZ2022-07);湖北省成矿区划与矿产前期勘查(鄂西片)项目(KCDZ2023-20)

通讯作者: 杨朋(1987-),男,工程师,矿产普查与勘探专业,主要从事固体矿产勘查工作。Email:284373280@qq.com

作者简介: 保其兵(1997-),男,汉族,资源与环境(地质工程)专业,中国地质调查局自然资源实物地质资料中心,主要从事地质矿产勘查工作。Email:1364545374@qq.com

引用本文:

保其兵, 杨朋, 周舟, 雷雳, 夏庆霖, 刘银, 龚银, 卢金祥. 鄂西水月寺地区Landsat8-OLI遥感蚀变信息与地球化学奇异性异常信息融合应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(5): 1302-1312.
BAO Qi-Bing, YANG Peng, ZHOU Zhou, LEI Li, XIA Qing-Lin, LIU Yin, GONG Yin, LU Jin-Xiang. Integrated application of alteration information from Landsat8-OLI remote sensing images and geochemical singularity anomaly information for the Shuiyuesi area of western Hubei Province. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(5): 1302-1312.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1329 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I5/1302

Fig.1 水月寺地区地质简图
Ar₂y—中太古界野马洞岩组;Pt₁h—古元古界黄凉河岩组;Pt₂l—中元古界力耳坪岩组; $\epsilon$—寒武系;Z—震旦系;Nh—南华系;Ar₃D—新太古代东冲河片麻杂岩;Pt₂v—中元古代辉绿岩;Pt₂Ψlσ—中元古代辉石橄榄岩;Pt₂Σ—中元古代超基性岩;Pt₃ηγ—新元古代二长花岗岩;Pt₃βμ—新元古代辉长辉绿岩;Pt₃ξγ—新元古代钾长花岗岩;Pt₃γo—新元古代黑云斜长花岗岩;1—地质界线;2—断裂构造;3—金矿(化)点

金矿脉	与金矿化关系密切的蚀变类型	可识别离子
罐湾矿脉	硅化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化、褐铁矿化	Fe³⁺、 $CO 3 2 -$ 、OH^-
筲箕湾矿脉	硅化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化、褐铁矿化	Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺、OH^-
何家湾矿脉	硅化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化	Fe²⁺、OH^-
祠堂湾矿脉	黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化	Fe²⁺、 $CO 3 2 -$ 、OH^-
庙湾矿脉	碳酸盐化、黄铁矿化、绿泥石化	Fe²⁺、 $CO 3 2 -$ 、OH^-
狮子崖矿脉	黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化	Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺
天鹅池矿脉	黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化	Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺
松树湾矿脉	弱黄铁矿化	Fe²⁺
宋家湾矿脉	黄铁矿化、褐铁矿化	Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺

Table 1 水月寺矿区与金矿化关系密切的蚀变类型及可识别离子

Fig.2 典型含OH^-、铁离子、 $CO 3 2 -$ 的矿物波谱曲线(据USGS波谱库修改)
a—含OH^-离子的矿物波谱曲线;b—含铁离子的矿物波谱曲线;c—含

CO 3 2 -

离子的矿物波谱曲线

Fig.3 研究区landsat8-OLI 遥感蚀变信息增强影像(OLI6/OLI7)

Table 2 正交旋转因子载荷矩阵

Fig.4 Au元素地球化学异常
a—Au元素IDW插值结果;b—Au元素奇异性分析结果

Fig.5 Au-Cu-Hg元素组合地球化学异常
a—Au-Cu-Hg元素组合IDW插值结果;b—Au-Cu-Hg元素组合奇异性分析结果

Fig.6 地球化学图层与遥感影像融合技术基本原理(据丁海峰^[37]修改)

Fig.7 水月寺研究区地球化学数据与遥感数据融合结果
a—Au元素IDW图层与遥感蚀变影像融合结果;b—Au元素奇异性指数图层与遥感蚀变影像融合结果

Fig.8 各图层在杨家淌、财神庙一带区域放大对比(绿圈为金矿点所在的位置)
a—Au元素IDW图层局部区域放大结果;b—Au元素IDW图层与遥感影像蚀变信息增图层融合后的局部放大结果;c—Au元素奇异性指数图层与遥感影像蚀变信息增强图层融合后的局部放大结果

Table 3 水月寺研究区分级原则

Fig.9 水月寺研究区成矿远景区分布

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