基于Shearlet变换的非局部均值地震噪声压制

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.2630

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摘要

在地震勘探中,由于野外地震数据采集环境及仪器性能本身的限制,采集到地震信号中不可避免地会混入较强的噪声,极大影响后续处理、解释工作。而近几年,多尺度几何分析方法以其独特优势成为压制噪声的研究热点,本文提出在Shearlet域中引入非局部均值算法对地震噪声进行压制,该算法首先对地震信号进行非下采样Shearlet变换,然后采用非局部均值法对分解后系数子集进一步处理,并采用8个Sobel算子近似表示全方向结构,对权重函数进行改进,最后对系数进行Shearlet反变换,得到去噪后的地震信号。实验结果表明相比于传统非局部均值法,该联合算法能有效地压制随机噪声,同时对弱同相轴具有更好的保护作用,在地震资料处理中具有良好的实用性。

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	王金刚
	安勇
	徐振旺

关键词 ：随机噪声, Shearlet变换, Sobel算子, 非局部均值, 保结构

Abstract：

Owing to the limitations of both the field environment for seismic data acquisition and the performance of instruments,the seismic signals collected in seismic exploration are inevitably mixed with strong noise,thus greatly affecting the subsequent processing and interpretation.In recent years,multi-scale geometric analysis methods have become an important topic in noise suppression owing to their unique advantages.This study proposed suppressing the seismic noise using a non-local mean (NLM) algorithm in the Shearlet domain.First,the non-subsampled Shearlet transform (NSST) was performed for seismic signals.Then,the decomposed coefficient subset was further processed using the NLM method,and the weight function was improved by using eight Sobel operators to approximate the omnidirectional structure.Finally,the inverse Shearlet transform was performed for the coefficients to obtain the denoised seismic signals.Experimental results show that this combined algorithm can effectively suppress the random noise and preserve the weak events,thus showing high practicability in the seismic data processing.

Key words： random noise Shearlet transform Sobel operator non-local mean structure preservation

收稿日期: 2021-12-26 修回日期: 2022-09-27 出版日期: 2023-02-20

ZTFLH:

P631.4

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(U1562110);中国石油物探技术攻关项目(2016-03-02);辽河油田千万吨稳产关键技术研究与应用项目(2017E-1602)

通讯作者: 安勇(1973-),男,博士,副教授,中国石油大学(北京)硕士生导师。主要从事信号分析、地震资料处理、反演和储层预测等方面的教学和科研工作。Email:yongan@cup.edu.cn

作者简介: 王金刚(1997-),男,硕士研究生,毕业于中国石油大学(北京)地质资源与地质工程专业,目前从事地球物理方法技术研究工作。Email:wjg4541@stu.ouc.edu.cn

引用本文:

王金刚, 安勇, 徐振旺. 基于Shearlet变换的非局部均值地震噪声压制[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(1): 199-207.
WANG Jin-Gang, AN Yong, XU Zhen-Wang. Seismic noise suppression using non-local means algorithm based on the Shearlet transform. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(1): 199-207.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.2630 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I1/199

Fig.1 不同方向的sobel算子模版

Fig.2 Shearlet变换尺度分解示意

Fig.3 不同噪声水平下P_SNR随平滑参数变化

Fig.4 合成地震记录
a—原始剖面;b—含随机噪声剖面

Fig.5 模型数据处理结果
a—常规NLM算法去噪后的结果;b—误差剖面

Fig.6 模型数据处理结果
a—本文方法去噪后的结果;b—误差剖面

Fig.7 F-K谱分析
a—原始不含噪数据;b—加入随机噪声后的数据;c—常规NLM算法;d—本文算法

Fig.8 原始数据和含噪数据以及2种去噪方法结果单道数据对比示显示

Fig.9 原始数据频谱(a)、含噪数据频谱(b)、本文方法滤波后频谱(c)

Fig.10 原始叠后剖面(a)、传统NLM处理(b)、本文方法处理(c)

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