Abstract：This paper presents the findings from studying the typical microbiological indicators based on the theory of edaphic microbe applied to oil and gas exploration. The applicability of edaphic microbe in the oil and gas exploration is justified by the significant difference between the microbe amount in the oil and gas field and that in the background field and between microbial population in the oil field and that in the gas field. The study indicates that methane reducing microbe, butane reducing microbe, obligate hydrocarbon reducing microbe and sulfate reducing microbe all show obvious higher concentrations in the oil and gas field, except for the obligate hydrocarbon reducing microbe in the gas field and the methane reducing microbe in the oil field.
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