Exploration geochemistry is faced with the problem of development in the 21st Century.With the public welfare geological work as the leading work,the demand of economic and social development as the dynamic force,and the equal emphasis of both resources and environment as the main aim,exploration geochemistry carried out multipurpose comprehensive geological survey in the period of 2001-2005,with a series of achievements gained.This demonstrates that exploration geochemistry has entered into an overall development stage,and such a multipurpose comprehensive geological survey is the strategic choice of exploration geochemistry.Starting with the newest achievements made by modern science and technology,we should formulate the theoretical system,methodological system and quality system and adopt scientific attitude and active measures so as to constantly promote exploration geochemistry to the higher and higher levels.

Ocean, which contains abundance resources, is called a "blue resources storehouse". Developing ocean is a very important national stratagem action. On the basis of ocean developing and developmental stratagem of Chinese exploration geochemistry, the aim, significance, feasibility and necessity to develop inshore geochemical survey in China are discussed in this paper preliminarily. Some personal ideas and propositions about developing inshore geochemical survey are suggested. Supported by the succeeded experiences of land regional geochemical survey and utilizing of modern ocean exploration techniques, through studying on the methods and techniques of inshore geochemical survey, it is regarded that developing inshore regional geochemical survey in China is absolutely feasibility and has forward looking and innovative.

The major and trace elements of sediment samples from PC5356,PC5362 and PC5417 drill cores in the Mid-Pacific Ocean were analyzed, and the result indicates that the contents of elements show three clear changes. Based on a detailed study, this paper discusses the material source of the three drill cores as well as the evolutionary regularity of the depositional environment in vertical direction.

The oil-gas geological conditions of a basin or an area constitute the material basis for the formation of oil-gas geochemical field, the structural movement is the main force causing the migration of hydrocarbons from the oil-gas source area to the accumulation reservoir or the longitudinal migration of hydrocarbons, and the near-surface sediments and landform and landscape conditions make up important factors affecting the effects of oil-gas geochemical exploration. The influence of the arcuate structure in Zoige area on the spatial distribution of the geochemical index concentration shows that geological structures obviously control the distribution of the near-surface geochemical fields.

No. HF-3 airborne radioactive anomaly near Qagan Nur Township in Inner Mongolia is situated at the transitional zone between Sonid uplift in Erlian basin and Tengger depression. The outcrop of the anomaly belongs to Neogene Hannuoba Formation. Re-exposing by the shallow borehole reveals that the shallow uranium mineralization of this anomaly is characterized by multi-layering, continuation, stableness and epigenetic re-enrichment, suggesting a complex genesis. This study has basically detected the control factors and formation conditions of the mineralization, thus deepening the understanding of this anomaly.

The Xiaosigou Cu-Mo ore deposit is a large-size porphyry deposit,and the geochemical anomalies in its periphery areas are distributed in groups and belts. Based on the summarization of metallogenic regularities and prospecting indicators as well as an analysis of such characteristics of anomalies as element association,element distribution and component zoning,this paper deals with the relationship between anomalies and mineralization and points out some ore-prospecting targets.

The Tianmushan Mo ore district lies at the juncture between the southern margin of the North China Platform and the Qinling Fold System, near the Luanchuan-Minggang deep fault. Geological and geochemical characteristics of the ore deposit show a close relationship between the ore-forming elements and the rock bodies. Geochemical behaviors of the ore-forming elements assume evident zoning, suggesting fairly favorable prospects in search for Mo-polymetallic deposits. Based on an analysis and study of the geophysical-geochemical anomalies in Tianmushan area, this paper has dealt with the relationship between the geochemical anomalies and the ore bodies, summed up the ore-prospecting criteria for this area, and pointed out orientations for further ore-prospecting work.

This study aimed at delineating the limits of geothermal anomaly in Shuitang area and searching for the underground aquifer and heat conduction structures. The most favorable working area within the geothermal prognostic region was chosen to make hydrogeological investigation. On such a basis, such means as geothermal measurement at the depth of 6 m, shallow seismic survey, electric sounding, static electricity αcard method, and Hg, As soil survey were carried out so as to detect the buried depth of the heat sources and the fault structures in the geothermal anomalous area and determine the positions of the drill holes for hot springs. In this way, the drilling can be arranged to look for the geothermal sources and reveal hot water. Based on the understanding that the geothermal resources in the study area are strictly controlled by geological structures, in combination with the hydrogeological conditions of this area, the authors determined the positions of the drill holes and eventually discovered underground low-temperature hot water (38 ℃). The rational selection of various techniques and the scientific combination of different methods in the light of different hydrogeological conditions seem to be the prerequisites for obtaining good exploration results.

Seven large areas (zones) of magmatic activities were detected on the basis of rock density characteristics and Bouguer gravity anomaly data of eastern Inner Mongolia. In this region, most endogenetic deposits are controlled by these large magmatic activity areas (zones), and a large magmatic activity area (zone) constitutes a metallogenic system. Therefore, regional geochemical anomalies can be ranked and endogenetic deposits can be forecasted on the basis of Bouguer gravity anomaly data.

It is difficult to find concealed lead-zinc deposits buried at middle-great depth. Electrical anomalies resulting from Zn-Pb deposits and those from carbonaceous strata can be detected by using AMT and Coherent IP. The relative phase parameters of the coherent IP can distinguish anomalies caused by Zn-Pb deposits from those caused by carbonaceous strata. AMT can be used to detect the distribution of faults, the electric layering and the spatial distribution of low-resistivity anomalous bodies.

Using the neutron activation analysis method, the author studied the trace element characteristics of silicified and limonitized quartz sandstones, diabases, limestones and pyrite in the Laozhaiwan gold deposit, and analyzed the relationships between the elements. The results show that the accompanying elements of Au in the study area can be used to guide the ore-prospecting work.

1: 10000 soil goechemical survey was conducted on the basis of 1: 50000 stream sediment anomalies and,as a result,the Xigou gold deposit was discovered.An analysis of the features of anomalies and the regularyty of mineralization shows that the method is effective in search for deposits in overburden areas.

The author queries in this paper the theory that the TEMS exploration depth depends on the strength of the loop's magnetic moment (M=IL²), and that under the circumstance of limited field source power, the depth will be effectively controlled by loop area. This paper holds that the opinions of "big loop area makes large depth" and "small loop area makes shallow layer " are not correct in that they are the results of applying the depth formula without considering the premise condition. The author thinks that the TEMS exploration depth is decided by frequency parameter of the field source, that the lower the frequency, the larger the exploration depth, and that enough magnetic moment is required to produce high signal-to noise ratio in the measurement.

The seismoelectric effect is a physical phenomenon in fluid-saturated porous media. Developing seismoelectric exploration is the leading edge in geophysics. Based on abundant laboratory and field data, this paper makes a discussion on seismoelectric coupling mechanism, detection mode and application potentials. The results prove that the seismoelectric method can be used to detect and characterize the fractured or permeable reservoir, and that it has wide prospects in oil/gas exploration and production.

The single-channel seismic data from marine regional geological survey have some problems such as time shift between traces, recording delay due to changed seafloor depth, and pre-recording due to software. The authors tried to remove the time shift by using the wave static correction method, which is based on the cross-correlation function. Several parameters are very important to the effect of the static correction. This paper classified the strata into three types based on their structures. Tests of key parameters were made on different structures, showing good results of static correction. The choice of proper parameters for different structures are discussed in this paper, and some useful suggestions are put forward for the purpose of making good use of residual static correction.

Probability tomography about vertical vein orebody is studied.Firstly,SP supposed to be generated by point curl source which is the border of dipole layer rather than the line dipole layer in section view.then,curl source’s scanning function is given,and image is retrieved by probability tomography approach.Image concerns with the border of vein orebody but not the orebody itself,so orebody can be deduced by accurater distributing of border.Finally,this mend is proved practicable by several theoretic models and one practical model.

The study of characteristics of gamma-ray counts and one-meter ground temperature survey over the known hot-springs aimed to search for new hot-springs in unknown areas. The principles of gamma-ray count survey and one-meter ground temperature survey are dealt with in this paper. Some conclusions have been reached. Over the extensional fault, the gamma-ray counts are relatively high and the gamma-ray spectrum contains abundant uranium element. The data of one-meter ground temperature survey shows relatively high geothermal background value over the known hot-spring. Therefore, detailed field survey was conducted near the unknown area belonging to the same geo-structure. Nevertheless, the gamma-ray count is lower and the geothermal background value is well-balanced too. Chemical analyses reveal the spring water roots in shallow ground water. The fault zone has been strongly rebuilt, with a length of about 300 m at the outcrop, and this area is not suitable for the formation of heat reservoir structure.

With some practical examples, this paper points out that, in the sedimentary rock-covered area, the application of the JGS-1B integrated digital logging system to the performance of coalfield geophysical logging can yield satisfactory result. This technique can solve geological problems in a visual way, provide reliable geological data for the dynamic management of coal resources in the coal mine, coal reserve checking and coal mine production, and reflect physical character of the coal seam effectively. Obvious results can be obtained in such aspects as stratification of coal seams, spatial geometric (depth, thickness) measurement and structural quality analysis.

In this paper, the authors used such geophysical exploration methods as the high-precision geomagnetic method, the resistivity profiling method and the induced polarization method to synthetically study the exhausted areas of the Archean sedimentary metamorphic iron mines in eastern Hebei, built an effective geophysical exploration combination model for the exhausted areas, and summarized the serviceability and validity of various geophysical exploration methods in the exploration of exhausted areas under different geological settings.

This paper sets forth the prospecting effect of transient electromagnetism to the stratum collapse of mind-out area under highway of Qingdao to Lanzhou. Introducing the field data collected technique of transient electromagnetism, analyzing and studying the resistivity abnormity features of mind-out area and stratum collapse. Finding the distributed location and deepness and taking valuable conclusion. The prospecting effect of transient electromagnetism rests with the choice of array type and other technical parameters. From resistivity and minimum and maximum exploration depth to ascertain minimum and maximum time delay. It is to be very important of holding the potential stratum and grasping the resistivity confine of mind-out area and the surrounding rocks. Specially remarking to distinguish the resistivity difference of mind-out area and cave-ins. Drilling has verified the mind-out area is high resistivity and the cave-ins are low resistivity in this location.

The traversing of elastic waves through fissures is very complex, and there is not an appropriate theory to describe this problem. Based on previous workers' experience, the authors studied dispersive characteristics of Rayleigh waves by using liquid as a substitute for the fissure. Simulation results show that, when there exists a fissure in the foundation, the first mode curve has a cut-off frequency or assumes an interceptive phenomenon. Consequently, the dispersion curves obtained in the investigation consist of multimode guided waves, and there are leaky mode waves at times. The zigzag dispersion curves will occur because of jumping among modes.

With the rapid economic development, exploration of active faults is being in progress in most cities. As a main method, seismic exploration can determine the depths of basement rocks and investigate the fault activity according to the extension of the fault in Quaternary layers. Either random or regular noises are very strong during the urban seismic exploration. This paper analyzes various sorts of noises and puts forward the relevant countermeasures. Interference can be suppressed and S/N ratio of seismic data can be improved through appropriate data collection and effective data processing.

Based on an analysis of the seismic data from Damingtun Sag and in the light of high signal-to-noise ratio in the sag area and relatively low frequency in the main targets S3 and S4, the authors designed and developed a kind of high resolution technology composed mainly of the wavelet processing technology and the frequency band separation under the restriction of the FDOM technology. These means can meet the demands of reservoir transverse forecast of S3 and S4, and have already shown good application results.

The R-mode cluster analysis is a mathematic statistical method for obtaining the quantitative similarity of several elements. Its procedure includes: the conversion of the original data; the solution of the relevant coefficient ; the clustering of the result. The above operation can be realized by using the data analysis tool of Excel. This method is quite suitable for field utilization.

Being a county of mountainous areas, Wulian County has well-developed brown soils and cinnamon soils, whose element contents are controlled by parent rocks and parent materials of soils. The authors analyzed the total amounts and effective state contents of the elements in the soil, and evaluated the nutritional level of the soil. The elements in the soil of the study area are characterized by high Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and low Ca, S, B, and the useful element Se is relatively high. The soil has fairly good fertilizer-supplying capacity, and hence the county is suitable for the production of characteristic agricultural crops and fruits.