基于改进相移法的煤田地震瑞利波资料处理

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2022.0078

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摘要

相移法是一种常用的提取瑞利波频散曲线的方法,然而在复杂波场条件下,相移法计算的频谱中瑞利波频散能量分辨率较差,使得频散曲线的准确性降低。本文对相移法进行改进,将频散谱上各点的振幅值进行求幂运算,以提高频散能量的收敛性与聚焦性。我们利用改进的相移法对理论地层模型的模拟数据和某研究区的煤田地震实际数据进行处理,将处理结果与常规相移法生成的频散谱对比分析,并对实际资料的频散曲线进行反演,生成研究区地层的二维(2D)横波速度剖面。研究结果表明改进的相移法能够增强瑞利波信号在频率—速度域中的信噪比,提高频散能量谱的分辨率和频散曲线的准确性。

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	李欣欣
	李江
	刘军
	沈鸿雁

关键词 ：瑞利波, 相移法, 频散曲线

Abstract：

The phase-shift method is commonly used to extract the Rayleigh wave dispersion curves.However,in the case of a complex wave field,the dispersion spectra calculated using the phase-shift method have a low resolution of Rayleigh wave dispersion energy,reducing the accuracy of the dispersion curves.This study improved the phase-shift method by obtaining the power exponent of the amplitude of each point on the dispersion spectra to improve the convergence and focusing properties of the dispersion energy.The improved phase-shift method was used to process the simulated data of the theoretical stratigraphic model and the actual seismic data of a coalfield in a certain study area.The processing results were compared with the dispersion spectra generated using the conventional phase-shift method.Moreover,the inversion based on dispersion curves of the actual data was conducted to generate a two-dimensional (2D) S-wave velocity section of the study area.As revealed by the study results,the improved phase-shift method can enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of the Rayleigh wave signals in the frequency-velocity domain and improve the resolution of the dispersion energy spectra and the accuracy of the dispersion curves.

Key words： Rayleigh wave phase-shift method dispersion curve

收稿日期: 2022-02-24 修回日期: 2022-10-22 出版日期: 2022-12-20

ZTFLH:

P631.4

基金资助:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2021JQ-589);中国石化地球物理重点实验室开放基金资助项目(33550006-20-ZC0699-0009)

作者简介: 李欣欣(1989-),男,陕西西安人,博士,讲师,研究方向为地震成像理论与方法。Email:xxli@xsyu.edu.cn

引用本文:

李欣欣, 李江, 刘军, 沈鸿雁. 基于改进相移法的煤田地震瑞利波资料处理[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(6): 1470-1476.
LI Xin-Xin, LI Jiang, LIU Jun, SHEN Hong-Yan. Processing of the seismic Rayleigh wave data of coalfields based on the improved phase-shift method. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 46(6): 1470-1476.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2022.0078 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I6/1470

Fig.1 原始振幅曲线与振幅均衡处理后曲线对比
a—原始多峰振幅曲线;b—经过4次方幂运算处理后的曲线

Table 1 理论模型地层参数

Fig.2 理论模型数值模拟试算
a—模拟地震数据;b—常规相移法生成的频散能量;c—改进的相移法生成的频散能量

Fig.3 原始炮记录
a—第1炮160~360道记录;b—第1炮186~210道记录

Fig.4 常规相移法(a)和改进的相移法(b)生成的频散能量谱

Fig.5 第1炮记录的频散曲线(a)及第1炮测点下方的地层横波速度结构(b)

Fig.6 研究区2D横波速度结构剖面

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