中国陆域出露地壳76种元素岩石地球化学图的构建——方法、问题与展望

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2025.1257

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Abstract

The exposed crust is the critical interface where the lithosphere interacts with the pedosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. The petrogeochemical map of the exposed crust can provide essential fundamental geochemical data for investigating the distributions and cycles of elements among different spheres. However, the plotting of the large-scale petrogeochemical map of the exposed crust has been constrained by the limited data volume and mapping technology. Consequently, no such a map covering the Chinese continent is available. This study proposed an innovative mapping technology roadmap based on over 16,000 petrogeochemical data and fundamental geological information. First, the databases for petrogeochemical information, stratigraphic structure information, and spatial information of geological units were constructed. Second, the geospatial information of strata and rock masses was extracted from the basic databases. Third, the petrogeochemical information was assigned to strata and rock masses to obtain their spatial distributions and element contents. Fourth, the spatial distribution patterns of 76 elements in the exposed crust were visualized using geographical information system (GIS) technology. Additionally, this study analyzed the challenges in the mapping process, including geological information accuracy, the lack of samples for special lithologies, reliability assessment, and scope of application, finally proposing corresponding solutions. The petrogeochemical map of the exposed crust demonstrates significant application potential, providing foundational data for investigating geochemical background and rock-sediment element cycling.

Key words： petrogeochemical map of the exposed crust Chinese continent construction method 76 elements

Received: 08 June 2024 Published: 23 October 2025

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	Dong-Sheng LIU
	Yuan-Yuan CHEN
	Qing-Hua CHI

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Dong-Sheng LIU,Yuan-Yuan CHEN,Qing-Hua CHI. Construction of the petrogeochemical map of 76 elements in the exposed crust across the Chinese continent: Methods, challenges, and prospects[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2025, 49(5): 1008-1017.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2025.1257 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2025/V49/I5/1008

Technical route

Spatial information dataset of geological units

Structure dataset of strata

Chronostratigraphic unit division

Distribution of rock samples and subdivision of second-order tectonic units in China

Tectonic zoning scheme

一级	二级	名称	一级	二级	名称	一级	二级	名称	一级	二级	名称	一级	二级	名称
G		酸性岩		K16	白榴岩		V30	安山质火山碎屑岩		le10	钾长变(浅)粒岩		D20	灰质白云岩
	G01	低钙花岗岩		K17	霞石岩		V40	玄武安山质火山碎屑岩		le20	二长变粒岩		D30	泥质白云岩
	G02	高钙花岗岩	B		基性岩		V50	粗面质火山碎屑岩		le30	斜长变粒岩		D40	砂质白云岩
	G11	流纹岩		B01	辉长岩		V60	粗面安山质火山碎屑岩		le40	矽线石榴变粒岩		D50	硅质白云岩
	G12	碱性流纹岩		B02	二长辉长岩	sl		板岩		le50	石墨变粒岩	M		泥岩
	G13	英安岩		B03	苏长岩		sl10	绢云板岩	am		斜长角闪岩		M10	粉砂质泥岩
	G14	石英角斑岩		B04	辉绿岩		sl20	钙质板岩		am00	玄武质斜长角闪岩		M20	砂质泥岩
	G15	粗面英安岩		B05	斜长岩		sl30	硅质板岩		am10	紫苏斜长角闪岩		M30	钙质泥岩
I		中性岩		B06	变辉长岩		sl40	炭质板岩		am20	二辉斜长角闪岩		M40	铝土质页岩
	I01	闪长岩		B11	钙碱性玄武岩		sl50	砂质板岩		am30	VF透辉斜长角闪岩		M50	硅质页岩
	I02	二长闪长岩		B12	拉斑玄武岩		sl60	泥质板岩	gr		麻粒岩		M60	炭质页岩
	I03	二长岩		B13	碱性玄武岩		sl70	凝灰质板岩		gr10	花岗—花岗闪长质麻粒岩		M70	铁铝质泥岩
	I04	正长岩		B14	橄榄玄武岩	ph		千枚岩		gr20	斜长麻粒岩		M80	灰泥岩
	I05	碱长正长岩		B15	高铝玄武岩		ph10	绢云千枚岩		gr30	基性麻粒岩		M90	凝灰质页岩
	I10	安山岩		B16	变玄武岩		ph20	绿泥千枚岩		gr40	超铁镁质麻粒岩	S		砂岩
	I12	玄武安山岩		B17	细碧岩		ph30	阳起千枚岩	qu		石英岩类		S11	石英砂岩
	I13	高镁(玻古) 安山岩		B18	粗面玄武岩		ph40	石英千枚岩		qu10	石英岩		S12	长石石英砂岩
	I14	变安山岩		B19	碱玄岩		ph50	方解千枚岩		qu20	长石石英岩		S13	长石砂岩
	I20	粗面岩	U		超基性岩	ms		片岩		qu30	磁铁石英岩		S14	粉(细)砂岩
K		碱性岩		U01	橄榄岩		ms10	云母片岩	ma		大理岩		S15	杂砂岩
	K01	副长石正长岩		U04	辉石岩		ms20	石英片岩		ma10	方解石大理岩		S16	砂岩
	K02	副长石二长岩		U06	角闪石岩		ms30	绿片岩		ma20	白云石大理岩		S17	泥质砂岩
	K03	副长石闪长岩		U07	榴辉岩	gn		片麻岩		ma30	富硅铝大理岩		S18	钙质砂岩
	K04	副长石辉长岩		U11	麦美奇岩		gn10	花岗质—花岗闪长质片麻岩	L		灰岩		S19	灰砂岩
	K05	霓霞岩		U12	科马提岩		gn20	贫碱长英质片麻岩		L10	石灰岩		S20	变余砂岩
	K06	碳酸岩		U13	苦橄岩		gn30	斜长片麻岩类		L20	白云质灰岩		S30	凝灰质砂岩
	K11	响岩		U14	玻基橄辉岩		gn40	富铝贫碱斜长片麻岩		L30	泥质灰岩		S40	冰碛岩
	K12	碱玄质响岩		U15	钾镁煌斑岩		gn50	黑云斜长片麻岩		L40	砂质灰岩		S50	含铜砂岩
	K13	响岩质碱玄岩	V		火山碎屑岩		gn60	角闪斜长片麻岩		L50	硅质灰岩	Si		硅质岩
	K14	碱玄岩		V10	流纹质火山碎屑岩		gn70	辉石斜长片麻岩	D		白云岩		Si10	炭质硅质岩
	K15	碧玄岩		V20	英安质火山碎屑岩	le		变(浅)粒岩		D10	白云岩		Si20	燧石岩

Rock classification system

Schematic of assigning chemical composition values to strata

Schematic of assigning chemical composition values to exposed rocks

GIS representation of spatial distribution and chemical composition of geological units

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