基于地质大数据技术对云南土壤重金属地质高背景区的划定

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1129

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Abstract

This study aims to systematically investigate the distribution and over-limit elements of areas with high geological background values of heavy metals in soils in Yunnan Province. GIS spatial analysis was conducted based on the heavy metal content data from a province-wide 1∶200,000 stream sediment survey and the regional geological map. The analysis results were validated using the data of heavy metals in soils in Kunming, Yuxi, Zhaotong, and other regions. A total of 61 geological units were identified, with heavy metal content in soils exceeding the screening values of agricultural land, accounting for 21.09% of the total land area of Yunnan. The cultivated land in high geological background areas covers an area of approximately 2.844 1 million hectares, accounting for 7.22% of the total land area of Yunnan. The lithologies that cause over-limit heavy metals in soils primarily comprise carbonate rocks, mafic-ultramafic volcanic rocks, intermediate mafic intrusive rocks, coal-bearing clastic rocks, and clastic rocks with mafic components. The over-limit heavy metal elements in high geological background areas are dominated by Cu, Cr, Ni, and Cd. In contrast, As manifests an over-limit risk mainly in carbonate rock formations, Pb and Zn only exhibit an over-limit risk in individual strata, and Hg almost shows no over-limit risk.

Key words： heavy metal in soil high geological background area geological big data 30 m global land cover data Yunnan Province

Received: 21 March 2023 Published: 26 February 2024

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	Articles by authors
	Gao-Qiang XIAO
	Juan ZHAO
	Zi-Wan CHEN
	Xu-Feng SONG
	Neng-Gang ZHU

Cite this article:

Gao-Qiang XIAO,Juan ZHAO,Zi-Wan CHEN, et al. Delineation of areas with high geological background values of heavy metals in soils in Yunnan Province, China based on geological big data technology[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(1): 216-227.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1129 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2024/V48/I1/216

Map of 1∶250,000 geochemical survey of land quality in Yunnan Province

Comparison of heavy metals concentration in soil and stream sediments in Kunming-Yuxi and Zhaotong-Huize regions

序号	地层代码	地层名称	总点数/个	超标点数比例/%	地层面积/ km²	超标面积比例/%	主要岩性
1	SDq	青山组	112	92.0	470	95.5	灰岩
2	Dd	达莲塘组	283	85.2	1077	93.5	灰岩、硅质岩、页岩
3	Dlh	莲花曲组	47	93.6	192	98.3	灰岩、页岩
4	Dg	古木组	296	80.7	1189	89.5	灰岩、白云岩
5	Dgg	干沟组	26	96.2	97	98.6	灰岩、白云岩
6	D₂d	东岗岭组	168	97.0	644	96.3	灰岩、白云岩
7	D₂q	曲靖组	470	84.0	1863	86.9	灰岩、白云岩、页岩、硅质岩
8	Dl	榴江组	69	92.8	343	99.5	灰岩、硅质岩
9	D_2-3d-g	东岗岭组、革当组并层	11	100.0	42	100.0	灰岩
10	D_2-3q-zj	曲靖组、一打得组、在结山组并层	14	85.7	60	100.0	白云岩、页岩、煤
11	D_2-3y-zj	一打得组、在结山组并层	46	97.8	191	100.0	灰岩
12	Dy	一打得组	116	80.2	466	92.0	灰岩、页岩
13	D₃g	革当组	168	95.8	673	96.0	灰岩、白云岩
14	D₃zj	在结山组	177	85.9	674	92.2	灰岩、白云岩
15	D₃-C₁z-y	海口组、宰格组、炎方组并层	13	92.3	46	98.8	白云岩、灰岩、页岩
16	DCy	炎方组	53	94.3	207	96.3	白云岩、灰岩、页岩、煤
17	C_1-2w-d	万寿山组、大埔组并层	271	86.7	1029	94.8	灰岩、白云岩、页岩、煤
18	C₁b	坝达组	19	100.0	63	94.8	灰岩、硅质灰岩、硅质岩
19	C₁pz	平掌组	171	89.5	683	90.1	玄武岩、灰岩
20	C_1-2h-m	黄龙组、马平组并层	247	89.9	1035	97.8	灰岩
21	Ch	黄龙组	798	96.1	3199	97.2	灰岩
22	Cw-m	石炭系全系并层	134	82.8	575	90.0	灰岩
23	Cy	鱼塘寨组	221	94.1	894	95.7	灰岩、白云岩
24	C₂m	马平组	21	95.2	111	99.0	灰岩
25	Cj	尖山营组	109	98.2	448	99.7	灰岩
26	C₂s	水长阱组	19	100.0	89	100.0	灰岩
27	C-Pt	他披组	22	86.4	67	80.4	灰岩
28	C₂d-w	丁家寨组、卧牛寺组并层	266	82.3	1051	83.1	玄武岩、灰岩
29	Cx	响姑组	62	85.5	245	94.0	灰岩、变基性火山岩
30	P₁l-y	梁山组、阳新组并层	2574	93.5	10251	95.8	灰岩、页岩、煤
31	P₁y	阳新组	809	95.2	3176	97.6	灰岩、白云岩
32	P₁d	大名山组	199	93.5	786	97.3	灰岩、白云岩
33	P₁bm-s	丙麻组、沙子坡组下部并层	60	88.3	228	83.3	灰岩、铁铝质页岩
34	Pe	峨眉山玄武岩	4222	98.6	16983	99.1	玄武岩
35	P_1-2e-l	峨眉山玄武岩、龙潭组并层	23	95.7	100	87.4	玄武岩、页岩、煤
36	P₂w	吴家坪组	220	93.2	906	97.8	灰岩、铁铝质泥质岩
37	P₂l	龙潭组	160	98.8	647	99.5	页岩、硅质岩、煤
38	P₂x	宣威组	439	97.5	1694	99.2	页岩、砂岩、煤
39	P₂h	黑泥哨组	310	96.5	1195	98.6	灰岩、页岩、煤
40	Pg	冈达概组	314	86.6	1276	90.7	玄武岩
41	T₁l	罗楼组	39	92.3	159	99.4	白云岩、灰岩
42	T₁x	洗马塘组	61	96.7	222	98.1	泥岩、页岩、粉砂岩
43	T₁f	飞仙关组	436	96.6	1831	97.4	泥岩、页岩、粉砂岩
44	Td	东川组	151	94.7	574	99.7	泥岩、页岩、粉砂岩
45	T₁q	青天堡组	249	96.4	943	96.8	泥岩、页岩、粉砂岩
46	T_1-2x-j	洗马塘组、嘉陵江组并层	21	100.0	84	100.0	灰岩、白云岩、页岩、粉砂岩
47	T_1-2f-j	飞仙关组、嘉陵江组并层	636	89.2	2591	92.2	灰岩、白云岩、页岩、粉砂岩
48	T_1-2d-j	东川组、嘉陵江组并层	174	95.4	695	97.7	灰岩、白云岩、页岩、粉砂岩
49	Tj	嘉陵江组	707	93.4	2808	97.9	灰岩、白云岩
50	Tn	尼汝组	300	81.7	1217	85.9	灰岩、砂岩、玄武岩
51	T₂g	个旧组	1503	92.5	5951	96.7	灰岩、白云岩
52	T₂gl	关岭组	1465	85.2	5843	93.1	灰岩、白云岩、页岩
53	T₂b	北衙组	832	87.5	3440	93.3	灰岩
54	T₃nh	牛喝塘组	120	85.0	448	96.8	玄武岩
55	νδ		13	92.3	64	95.3	辉长闪长岩
56	βμ		243	88.1	976	87.8	辉绿岩、辉长辉绿岩
57	N		8	87.5	30	96.4	基性岩
58	Σ-Ν		27	81.5	97	85.5	基性—超基性岩
59	σ		28	96.4	85	96.3	橄榄岩—橄辉岩
60	ψι		2	100.0	7	90.5	辉石岩
61	φω		14	100.0	47	82.5	蛇纹岩

Delineation results of high geological background areas of soil heavy metals in Yunnan Province

Distribution map of high geological background areas of soil heavy metals in Yunnan Province

Risk assessment results of soil heavy metals in high geological background units in Kunming-Yuxi and Zhaotong-Huize regions

Statistical results of median value of heavy metals in stream sediments in high geological background areas 10^-6

Statistical results of the proportion of heavy metals exceeding the screening value in stream sediments in high geological background areas %

Statistical results of cultivated land areas in high geological background areas of soil heavy metals in Yunnan Province

Distribution map of cultivated land in high geological background areas of soil heavy metals in Yunnan Province

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