海水层对地震反射特征的影响研究

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.1366

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Abstract

In marine seismic exploration,seismic reflection characteristics play an important role in AVO analysis,inversion for seabed parameters,and structural analysis.When seismic waves propagate in the ocean,their seismic reflection characteristics are affected by the seawater layer and the sediments beneath the seabed.However,previous studies mainly focus on the influence of the sediments beneath the seabed,while there is a lack of studies on the effects of the seawater layer on the seismic reflection characteristics.This study analyzed the changes in the seismic wave field during the seismic wave propagation in the seawater layer.Based on the boundary conditions of fluid-solid and free interfaces,this study derived the P-P amplitude ratio between the incident and reflected waves on an elastic interface and obtained the mathematical expression of the seawater layer effect accordingly.Then,this study analyzed the influencing factors,such as the frequency of incident waves,the depth of the seawater layer,the impedance contrast of the seabed,and the incident angle,on the filtering effect of the seawater layer.The analysis results are as follows:The seawater layer had a periodic frequency selective filtering effect on seismic P-waves;The period of the frequency selective filtering effect was inversely proportional to the frequency of incident waves and the depth of the seawater layer and was directly proportional to the incident angle;A higher incident angle corresponded to severer attenuation of seismic P-waves;The effects of impedance contrast on amplitude was related to the frequency of incident waves and the depth of the seawater layer.Finally,the study verified the effects of the seawater layer on seismic reflection characteristics through numerical simulations.

Key words： seawater layer seismic reflection characteristics P-P wave reflection coefficient frequency selective filtering

Received: 02 August 2022 Published: 05 July 2023

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	Articles by authors
	Yi-Jing DU
	Cheng-Yu SUN
	Zhi-Nong WANG
	Rui-Qian CAI
	Sheng-Rong WANG
	Jun-Feng JIAO

Cite this article:

Yi-Jing DU,Cheng-Yu SUN,Zhi-Nong WANG, et al. Effects of seawater layer on seismic reflection characteristics[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(3): 757-765.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.1366 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2023/V47/I3/757

Ocean model of downstream wavefield

Ocean model of upload wavefield

Model parameters

Amplitude frequency response curve with incident wave frequency

Amplitude frequency response curve with seawater depth

Amplitude frequency response curve with seafloor impedance difference

Amplitude frequency response curve of different incident wave frequencies with incident angle

Amplitude frequency response curve of different seawater depths with incident angle

Amplitude frequency response curve of different seafloor impedance differences with incident angle

Seismic recording spectrum with weak impedance difference

Seismic recording spectrum with strong impedance difference

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