宁夏南部山区葫芦河流域土壤地球化学特征及影响因素分析

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2022.1408

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Abstract

Based on the data derived from the geochemical survey of land quality in the Guyuan region, Ningxia, this study studied the background values of 30 elements (indicators) in the surface soil using mathematical statistics. This study compared the distribution and enrichment (or dilution) characteristics of elements in different parent materials (parent rocks) and land use types and further analyzed the factors restricting the distribution of the elements from the perspective of element association characteristics using the principal component analysis method. The results show that the contents of iron-philic element Ni, tungsten-philic element Mo, alkaline (earth) metal elements Na₂O, MgO, CaO, halogen elements I, F, and copper-philic element As were all higher than corresponding national background values, while the contents of the biophilic elements such as Hg, Se, organic matter, N, and Pb were lower than corresponding national background values. Parent materials (parent rocks) were the main factor controlling the characteristics of element contents in soil. In the process of soil formation, natural and man-made influences have caused the enrichment or dilution of some elements. N, Mo, I, organic matter, and S are significantly controlled by the laterite parent material and their parent rocks, and the erosion of Ca²⁺ and Na⁺ causes weathering and leaching due to hydrodynamic effects. The element contents in the soil in the river valley plain were between those of laterite and those of loess parent material. In a supergene environment, Na₂O, K₂O, and Cl, which are prone to dissolve in water, are rich in estuaries and valleys due to hydrodynamic action. P, Hg, Se, and Mo elements are locally rich due to human interference. The factor analysis shows that parent materials (parent rocks), weathering, leaching, and bioaccumulation in the process of soil formation, and human production activities all affect the background values of the surface soil in the study area. The study results will provide basic geochemical information for the assessment of the regional resources and environment.

Key words： geochemical characteristics surface soil principal component analysis element content Hulu River Basin

Received: 24 July 2021 Published: 17 August 2022

ZTFLH:

P632

Corresponding Authors: ZHOU Wen-Hui E-mail: 369517099@qq.com;Zhouwenhui8005@163.com

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	Yong-Chun LI
	Ri-Li-Ge SU
	Wen-Hui ZHOU
	Su-Ri-Ga-La TAI
	Guo-Dong CHEN
	Yong-Liang WANG
	Qi GAO
	Xiang ZHANG
	Dong ZHANG

Cite this article:

Yong-Chun LI,Ri-Li-Ge SU,Wen-Hui ZHOU, et al. Geochemical characteristics and influencing factors of soil in Hulu River Basin in the southern mountainous region of Ningxia[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 46(4): 999-1010.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2022.1408 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2022/V46/I4/999

Location map of study area

Geological map of study area

The analysis method and detection limit of target elements

元素指标	样品数 N	均值 X	几何均值 X₁	中位数 M	标准离差 S	变异系数 C_v	最大值 X_max	最小值 X_min	剔除后样品数 N₁	背景值 X₀	K₁	K₂
SiO₂	6392	54.91	54.87	54.80	2.14	0.04	68.33	40.33	6242	54.93	0.85	0.79
Al₂O₃	6392	11.63	11.62	11.60	0.47	0.04	14.90	8.74	6092	11.60	0.89	1.24
Fe₂O₃	6392	4.60	4.59	4.60	0.31	0.07	6.28	2.83	6258	4.60	1.06	1.39
MgO	6392	2.55	2.54	2.53	0.24	0.10	6.87	1.53	6226	2.54	1.74	1.40
CaO	6392	9.27	9.14	9.43	1.43	0.15	18.22	1.32	6276	9.35	3.36	1.76
Na₂O	6392	1.67	1.67	1.67	0.16	0.10	2.47	0.58	6322	1.68	1.32	0.96
K₂O	6392	2.57	2.56	2.54	0.23	0.09	4.03	1.01	6336	2.56	1.09	1.20
Corg.	6392	0.70	0.65	0.67	0.28	0.40	3.21	0.10	6237	0.68	0.63	1.74
pH	6392	8.33	8.33	8.34	0.18	0.02	9.71	7.34	6363	8.33	1.17	1.00
As	6392	13.10	13.02	12.95	1.49	0.11	27.90	4.55	6240	13.00	1.43	1.35
B	6392	54.97	54.68	54.19	5.92	0.11	131.12	30.87	6228	54.55	1.13	1.33
Cd	6392	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.02	0.16	0.52	0.09	6298	0.15	1.02	1.29
Cl	6392	65.23	61.70	58.19	30.35	0.47	864.26	25.09	5953	59.61	0.82	0.90
Co	6392	12.37	12.32	12.29	1.13	0.09	19.15	6.59	6268	12.33	1.05	1.37
Cr	6392	62.55	62.32	62.29	6.34	0.10	358.05	32.67	6226	62.44	0.99	1.16
Cu	6392	24.54	24.39	24.20	3.37	0.14	192.50	14.56	6226	24.31	1.07	1.43
F	6392	618.10	613.48	617.00	76.41	0.12	1702.00	313.00	6282	616.72	1.23	1.46
Ge	6392	1.22	1.21	1.22	0.06	0.05	1.52	0.77	6257	1.22	0.90	1.01
Hg	6392	24.18	22.28	20.97	15.71	0.65	479.93	5.02	5986	21.72	0.44	1.14
I	6392	2.41	2.27	2.17	1.01	0.42	20.26	0.41	5969	2.21	1.23	1.70
Mn	6392	645.24	643.58	642.00	47.47	0.07	1268.00	399.00	6263	643.48	1.17	1.36
Mo	6392	0.94	0.90	0.85	0.52	0.56	18.72	0.55	5905	0.86	1.29	1.39
N	6392	893.41	850.55	870.00	283.08	0.32	2834.00	256.00	6276	875.37	0.78	1.90
Ni	6392	32.49	32.32	32.27	3.60	0.11	168.00	16.58	6310	32.45	1.24	1.35
P	6392	813.01	801.12	793.00	143.90	0.18	2388.00	408.00	6319	807.07	1.18	1.88
Pb	6392	20.32	20.20	20.00	2.45	0.12	86.31	14.35	6216	20.09	0.79	1.12
S	6392	236.98	220.55	214.40	469.05	1.98	34480.00	121.50	6183	218.04	0.84	1.06
Se	6392	0.14	0.14	0.14	0.04	0.31	0.94	0.07	6244	0.14	0.63	0.93
V	6392	78.19	78.02	78.09	5.21	0.07	110.88	49.85	6254	78.09	0.98	1.26
Zn	6392	71.20	70.94	70.44	6.10	0.09	121.80	42.03	6169	70.80	1.05	1.48

Characteristics of geochemical in the whole region

Enrichment coefficient of different units

Enrichment coefficient of surface soil elements in different parent material

Orthogonal rotation factor load matrix,eigenvalue and cumulative variance contribution rate of factor analysis

Diagrams of factor scores in Study area

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