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物探与化探  2023, Vol. 47 Issue (1): 238-246    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2023.2660
  生态地质调查 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
不同类型富硒土壤的生物有效硒特征
姚凌阳1,2(), 谢淑云1,3(), 鲍征宇1,2, 马明1, 万能3,4
1.中国地质大学(武汉) 浙江研究院,浙江 杭州 311300
2.中国地质大学(武汉) 材料与化学学院,湖北 武汉 430074
3.中国地质大学(武汉) 地球科学学院,湖北 武汉 430074
4.武汉市自然资源和规划局,湖北 武汉 430074
Characteristics of bioavailable selenium in different types of selenium-rich soils
YAO Ling-Yang1,2(), XIE Shu-Yun1,3(), BAO Zheng-Yu1,2, MA Ming1, WAN Neng3,4
1. Zhejiang Institute, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Hangzhou 311300, China
2. Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
3. School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
4. Wuhan Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Wuhan 430074, China
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摘要 

生物有效硒是评价土壤中硒对植物供给能力的重要指标,目前,我国缺少测试土壤有效硒的国家标准方法。本文采用了10种不同的化学浸提剂对土壤有效硒进行提取,结果表明,各浸提剂浸提能力大小顺序依次为:NaOH(10.57%)> SOL-Se+EX-Se(8.10%)> AB-DTPA(6.79%)> NaHCO3(4.99%) > K2SO4(4.57%) > KH2PO4-K2HPO4(4.33%) > KH2PO4(3.05%) > SOL-Se(2.28%)> EDTA(1.40%)> NH4F-HCl(1.22%),其中KH2PO4、NaHCO3、SOL-Se、KH2PO4-K2HPO4、AB-DTPA提取的土壤有效硒均与作物硒含量之间存在极显著的相关性。通过土壤有效硒百分含量与土壤性质的关系发现,土壤有效硒百分含量与风化指数(CIA)、(烧失量)LOI、pH、Eh、P、SiO2等条件显著性相关,其中pH、Eh主要影响Se在土壤中的存在形式,而CIA、LOI、P、SiO2等指标则反映土壤风化程度和吸附质对土壤有效硒的作用。该研究成果为硒的生态农业发展及富硒土地资源开发利用提供数据基础和科学依据。
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姚凌阳
谢淑云
鲍征宇
马明
万能
关键词 ： 生物有效硒,  土壤,  浸提剂    
Abstract：

Bioavailable selenium (Se) is an important indicator used to evaluate the supply capacity of Se in the soil to plants. There is a lack of national standard methods for testing bioavailable Se in the soil in China presently. This study used ten different chemical extractants to extract bioavailable Se from the soil. The results show that the extraction capacity of extractants was in the order of NaOH (10.57%) > SOL-Se+EX-Se (8.10%) > AB-DTPA (6.79) > NaHCO3 (4.99%) > K2SO4 (4.57%) > KH2PO4-K2HPO4 (4.33%) > KH2PO4 (3.05%) > SOL-Se (2.28%) > EDTA (1.40%) > NH4F-HCl (1.22%). Among them, the bioavailable Se extracted from the soil by KH2PO4, NaHCO3, SOL-Se, KH2PO4-K2HPO4, and AB-DTPA was significantly correlated with the Se content of crops. As revealed by the relationship between the percentage content of bioavailable Se in soil and soil properties, the percentage content of bioavailable Se in soil significantly correlated with indicators such as the chemical index of alteration (CIA), LOI, pH, Eh, P, and SiO2. Among them, pH and Eh mainly affect the existence form of Se in the soil, while indicators such as CIA, LOI, P, and SiO2 reflect the alteration degree of soil and the effect of adsorbates on bioavailable Se in soil. The results of this study can provide data support and a scientific basis for the development of Se-based ecological agriculture and the development and utilization of Se-rich land resources.
Key words： bioavailable Se    soil    extractant
收稿日期: 2021-12-07      修回日期: 2022-01-20      出版日期: 2023-02-20
ZTFLH:  P632  
基金资助:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“富硒作物成分和硒形态分析标准物质研制”(DD20190475)
通讯作者: 谢淑云(1976-),女,教授,主要从事环境地球化学研究工作。Email:tinaxie@edu.cug.com
作者简介: 姚凌阳(1993-),男,硕士,主要从事环境地球化学研究工作。Email:qyangw@outlook.com
引用本文:   
姚凌阳, 谢淑云, 鲍征宇, 马明, 万能. 不同类型富硒土壤的生物有效硒特征[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(1): 238-246.
YAO Ling-Yang, XIE Shu-Yun, BAO Zheng-Yu, MA Ming, WAN Neng. Characteristics of bioavailable selenium in different types of selenium-rich soils. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(1): 238-246.
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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.2660      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I1/238
样品
编号		 土壤
总硒		 C H N S TOC SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 K2O Na2O CaO MgO pH Eh 玉米硒
1 0.70 1.79 0.606 0.180 0.127 1.656 62.042 14.816 7.758 2.146 0.928 1.456 2.202 5.51 98 0.122
2 0.48 1.02 0.460 0.100 0.113 0.852 66.481 14.698 5.965 2.620 0.775 0.514 1.688 5.94 77 0.140
3 0.37 1.17 0.428 0.110 0.119 1.037 70.545 12.77 5.371 2.352 0.748 0.389 1.334 5.70 89 0.039
4 0.70 1.73 0.638 0.220 0.113 1.505 62.388 14.819 5.623 2.496 0.469 1.716 3.781 8.17 -29 0.281
5 0.75 1.76 0.716 0.340 0.107 1.510 61.497 15.067 5.780 2.549 0.471 1.774 4.260 8.39 -40 0.464
6 0.93 1.90 0.700 0.360 0.083 1.711 59.494 14.898 6.036 2.461 0.524 2.995 4.035 8.26 -34 0.318
7 19.54 3.13 0.482 0.470 0.062 2.978 53.873 13.533 5.263 2.227 0.352 7.427 4.826 8.39 -40 0.493
8 14.90 2.65 0.612 0.590 0.059 2.402 55.429 14.054 6.144 2.277 0.394 5.412 4.146 8.07 -24 16.083
9 12.68 1.39 0.686 0.670 0.054 1.208 60.004 15.193 6.472 2.537 0.482 2.580 2.623 8.31 -36 0.215
10 9.70 1.58 0.585 0.140 0.382 1.263 58.148 14.546 6.195 2.642 0.657 3.818 3.271 8.14 -28 11.490
11 5.64 1.54 0.528 0.170 0.262 1.277 59.893 15.355 5.848 3.269 0.627 2.290 2.901 8.03 -23 6.970
12 4.88 1.68 0.479 0.170 0.248 1.460 60.681 14.76 5.659 3.255 0.708 2.444 2.763 8.53 -47 6.320
13 10.53 1.71 0.518 0.260 0.168 1.458 59.96 13.858 6.188 2.390 0.374 2.957 3.420 8.19 -30 18.420
14 12.60 1.51 0.496 0.240 0.131 1.321 58.851 14.040 6.282 2.412 0.382 3.382 3.400 8.08 -25 16.880
15 11.94 1.67 0.528 0.260 0.141 1.493 58.746 14.486 6.230 2.448 0.374 2.976 3.563 8.28 -35 16.630
16 16.85 1.23 0.461 0.200 0.128 0.933 57.793 14.535 6.977 2.580 0.434 3.319 3.275 8.13 -27 12.030
17 10.48 1.39 0.500 0.240 0.096 1.160 59.148 14.381 6.297 2.481 0.406 3.009 3.305 7.95 -19 11.490
Table 1  紫阳地区土壤理化性质及对应玉米硒含量
编号 玉米总Se 土壤总Se 有效硒/10-6
10-6 10-6 KH2PO4 NaHCO3 NaOH KH2PO4-
K2HPO4		 NH4F-HCl EDTA AB-DTPA K2SO4 SOL-Se+EX-Se SOL-Se
1 0.122 0.70 17.31 49.12 188.80 42.82 14.38 24.49 81.67 54.43 107.61 42.63
2 0.14 0.48 18.34 57.19 140.10 38.53 10.83 19.24 78.18 55.59 62.69 16.52
3 0.039 0.37 9.87 32.01 132.40 26.70 8.90 14.51 70.10 58.64 52.94 14.38
4 0.281 0.70 24.70 50.98 89.50 34.52 15.52 14.93 71.49 73.73 82.23 24.13
5 0.464 0.75 29.33 49.88 100.60 36.56 18.00 15.47 69.14 80.13 89.92 29.78
6 0.318 0.93 33.59 56.03 104.70 47.14 23.17 19.96 84.96 73.64 114.70 39.89
7 0.493 19.54 100.36 85.43 135.45 99.98 40.75 19.91 165.42 117.07 434.44 41.53
8 16.08 14.90 1049.00 1033.00 1064.00 1091.00 171.30 49.48 458.31 417.01 1248.00 223.18
9 3.15 12.68 214.35 212.17 299.60 246.33 43.69 26.25 310.89 123.63 389.67 149.14
10 11.49 9.70 435.83 497.70 627.62 492.00 76.02 67.96 572.23 160.10 1086.77 126.37
11 6.97 5.64 264.16 328.07 387.77 328.20 67.97 67.96 379.85 109.91 531.53 103.38
12 2.72 4.88 221.87 288.12 630.25 287.88 62.06 63.96 356.21 115.98 458.10 93.51
13 18.42 10.53 255.74 327.74 428.26 304.06 50.00 51.96 401.76 109.89 316.84 115.94
14 16.88 12.60 241.95 285.77 208.00 271.78 38.01 44.00 182.07 27.99 431.00 110.00
15 16.63 11.94 226.00 292.00 401.76 292.00 10.58 13.99 367.78 53.98 322.97 119.99
16 12.03 16.85 181.96 236.05 288.00 217.96 66.00 79.92 336.07 89.95 303.97 101.99
17 11.49 10.48 166.10 219.96 321.81 210.00 65.93 78.02 340.14 82.02 450.04 108.01
Table 2  不同化学浸提剂提取土壤有效硒含量
编号 KH2PO4 NaHCO3 NaOH KH2PO4- K2HPO4 NH4F-HCl EDTA AB-DTPA K2SO4 SOL-Se+EX-Se SOL-Se
1 2.47 7.02 26.97 6.12 2.05 3.50 11.67 7.78 15.37 6.09
2 3.82 11.91 29.19 8.03 2.26 4.01 16.29 11.58 13.06 3.44
3 2.67 8.65 35.78 7.22 2.41 3.92 18.95 15.85 14.31 3.89
4 3.53 7.28 12.79 4.93 2.22 2.13 10.21 10.53 11.75 3.45
5 3.91 6.65 13.41 4.87 2.40 2.06 9.22 10.68 11.99 3.97
6 3.61 6.02 11.26 5.07 2.49 2.15 9.14 7.92 12.33 4.29
7 0.51 0.44 0.69 0.51 0.21 0.10 0.85 0.60 2.22 0.21
8 7.04 6.93 7.14 7.32 1.15 0.33 3.08 2.80 8.37 1.50
9 1.69 1.67 2.36 1.94 0.34 0.21 2.45 0.98 3.07 1.18
10 4.49 5.13 6.47 5.07 0.78 0.70 5.90 1.65 11.20 1.30
11 4.68 5.82 6.88 5.82 1.21 1.20 6.73 1.95 9.42 1.83
12 4.55 5.90 12.91 5.90 1.27 1.31 7.30 2.38 9.39 1.92
13 2.43 3.11 4.07 2.89 0.47 0.49 3.82 1.04 3.01 1.10
14 1.92 2.27 1.65 2.16 0.30 0.35 1.45 0.22 3.42 0.87
15 1.89 2.45 3.36 2.45 0.09 0.12 3.08 0.45 2.70 1.00
16 1.08 1.40 1.71 1.29 0.39 0.47 1.99 0.53 1.80 0.61
17 1.58 2.10 3.07 2.00 0.63 0.74 3.25 0.78 4.29 1.03
最小值 0.51 0.44 0.69 0.51 0.09 0.10 0.85 0.22 1.80 0.21
最大值 7.04 11.91 35.78 8.03 2.49 4.01 18.95 15.85 15.37 6.09
均值 3.05 4.99 10.57 4.33 1.22 1.40 6.79 4.57 8.10 2.22
Table 3  不同化学浸提剂提取的有效硒占土壤总硒的百分含量
浸提剂 r p 浸提剂 r p
KH2PO4 0.929 0.000 SOL-Se+EX-Se 0.840 0.000
NaHCO3 0.925 0.000 NaOH 0.760 0.000
SOL-Se 0.922 0.000 EDTA 0.715 0.001
KH2PO4-K2HPO4 0.915 0.000 NH4F-HCl 0.707 0.002
AB-DTPA 0.892 0.000 K2SO4 0.322 0.207
Table 4  不同化学浸提剂提取的有效硒与植物硒的相关分析(n=17)
Fig.1  不同化学浸提剂提取的有效硒与植物硒的散点图
注: 植物Se含量单位为10-6;各浸提剂提取的有效硒含量单位为10-9
指标 相关系数 指标 相关系数
K2O -0.434** Cr -0.383**
Na2O -0.349** Ni -0.672**
CaO -0.569** Cu -0.654**
MgO -0.593** Pb -0.174
CIA 0.532** Zn -0.614**
LOI -0.347** SiO2 0.337*
TOC 0.012 Al2O3 -0.146
pH -0.622** Al2O3/SiO2 -0.081
Eh 0.606** Fe2O3 0.002
N -0.400** MnO -0.158
P -0.645** Fe2O3+MnO 0.001
S -0.141
Table 5  土壤有效硒百分含量与土壤理化性质相关性分析(n=51)
Fig.2  土壤有效硒百分含量与土壤理化性质散点图
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