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  • Table of Content
      10 June 2012, Volume 36 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    THE EFFECTS OF USING HIGH-PRECISION GRAVITY AND MAGNETIC METHODS TO EXPLORE CHROMITE IN THE XIUGOU IRON DEPOSIT, LANGXIAN COUNTY, TIBET
    LIU Tian-you, YANG Yu-shan, LIU Jian-xiong, GOU Jin-chang, SU Bao-hua
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 325-331.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.01
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (2698KB) ( 822 )
    The authors completed the assignment of 1:5 000 gravity and magnetic high-precision measurement in the Xiugou chromite deposit of Nangxian, Tibet, in 2010 and the total accuracy of gravity measurement was over 0.069 4 mGal. According to physical characteristics of rocks and minerals, both the geophysical models and the exploration indicators in search for chromite were established. The composite characteristics of gravity and magnetic anomalies seem to be indicators identifying chromite. The characteristics include the criteria that the amplitudes of local gravity anomalies range from 0.1 to 0.6 mGal, their widths range from tens of meters to 100 or 200 meters, the amplitudes of magnetic anomalies are moderate, and the magnetization direction is reversed. Moreover, the composite characteristics of local high gravity anomaly zones and braided rings with positive magnetic anomalies constitute indicators identifying ultrabasic rock zones. In addition, the authors utilized the approaches including the wavelet analysis method to extract the local gravity and magnetic anomalies generated by chromite and ultramafic rocks, employed the tilt-angle method to identify rock boundaries, applied Paker method to density mapping, and also used interactive 2.5D inversion method. The areas of serpentinized peridotite and 14 gravity and magnetic perspective anomalies of chromite and mineralized bodies were delineated, six of which were proved to be related to mineralization. It is also pointed out that the chromite exploration in Tibet requires not only high-precision field measurement but also careful indoor data processing and interpretation. Furthermore, making full use of new data processing techniques is essential for obtaining good geological effects.
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    BOTANOGEOCHEMICAL PROSPECTING TEST IN GOLD AND COPPER DEPOSITS OF BEISHAN DESERT AREA
    SONG Ci-an, LEI Liang-qi, YANG Zhong-ping
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 332-338.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.02
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1187KB) ( 607 )
    Botanogeochemical prospecting tests conducted in gold and copper deposits of the study area show that Au in all plant species of gold ore deposits and Cu in all plant species of copper ore deposits belong to extremely high or high contrast type,and the prospecting for gold and copper deposits in the study area are effective by using Au and Cu content in a variety of plant species. On the basis of characteristic elements in plants, the gold and copper mineralization types can be identified. According to element combination and zonation of vegetation geochemical anomalies, the positions of concealed ore bodes can be predicted, and the erosion depth and deep mineralization scale of the concealed ore bodes can also be deduced.
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    THE APPLICATION OF MULTIPLE GEO-INFORMATION, GIS, INTEGRATION AND FUSION ANALYSIS TO THE ORE-FORMING PROGNOSIS OF LANGSHUIKENG AREA
    LUO Ze-xiong, LIN Zi-yu, YANG Yan, WAN Hao-zhang, YANG Xiao-peng, LIU Jian-guang
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 339-343.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.03
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1887KB) ( 481 )
    Multiple geo-information, GIS, integration and fusion analysis have been insufficiently used in ore-prospecting work; nevertheless, with these means, we can conduct data processing and geochemical analysis and provide more information for ore-prospecting targets. Exemplified by multiple geo-information work in Lengshuikeng area based on GIS application, integration and fusion analysis of single element and multi-element geochemical fields, this paper deals briefly with the integration of multiple GIS and geo-information fusion method. The result obtained shows that in Lengshuikeng there exists a multivariant geological information ring structure, based on which four prospective areas of concealed lead-zinc polymetallic deposits were delineated, and a large-size silver-lead-zinc polymetallic deposit was found in Xiaoyuanj prospective area (Yinzhushan ore district). These achievements provide scientific basis for regional ore prognosis and improve the effect of predicting concealed ore deposits.
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    GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE XILEKUDUK Mo-Cu DEPOSIT IN FUYUN COUNTY, XINJIANG
    CAO Jin-yuan, LI Chun-xia, YOU Jun, DING Ru-fu
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 344-349.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.04
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1554KB) ( 627 )
    Based on a study of geological features and characteristics of trace elements in the strata and magmatic rocks of the Xilekuduke Mo-Cu deposit in Fuyun County, the authors consider that the lower subformation of the Lower Carboniferous Nanmingshui Formation is the main ore-bearing horizon, in which the strongly altered sandstone and tuffaceous siltstone are enriched with metallogenic elements. The content characteristics of metallogenic elements and associated elements in the magmatic rocks show that the late Hercynian granodiorite, granodiorite porphyry and diorite porphyry were closely related to the mineralization and might have provided metallogenic materials directly or indirectly. Studies of geochemical anomalies show that in the horizontal direction, the ore deposit has elemental zonation of Mo, Cu(Au)→V, Ti, Co, Cr, Ni, Mn, As, Sb, Hg, W, Sn, Bi→Ag, Zn, B, F, while in the vertical direction, the elemental zonation is F, B, As(Cr, Ni)→Au, Cu, W(Mo, V, Co, Bi)→Mn(Au, V, Bi, Mo), which may have some guiding significance for mineral exploration.
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    AEROMAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF IRON ORE DEPOSITS AND ORE-PROSPECTING POTENTIAL IN TAXKORGEN AREA OF XINJIANG
    QIAO Chun-gui, ZHOU Jian-xin, LIU Wei, SONG Yan-bing, WANG Yan
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 350-355.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.05
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (3185KB) ( 836 )
    Western Kunlun Mountains of Xinjiang has rich mineral resources. According to the result of high-precision large-scale aeromagnetic survey, the characteristics of known iron deposits are obvious, and a number of large and medium-sized iron deposits have been found in Taxkorgen area of Xinjiang. This paper deals with the magnetic characteristics of known and newly discovered iron deposits, and analyzes ore-prospecting potential in that area.
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    THE APPLICATION OF GROUND HIGH-PRECISION MAGNETIC SURVEY TO THE EXPLORATION OF INTERSECTION-TYPE URANIUM DEPOSITS
    LI Man, FANG Gen-xian, ZHANG Zhi-yong, CAO Jun-chang
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 356-359.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.06
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1370KB) ( 715 )
    The study area is located in the Xiazhuang uranium orefield. The intersection-type high-grade uranium deposits are controlled by tracks of intersection faults and lithology of diabase dykes. The task of this study was focused on finding the concealed diabase dykes. This is because uranium is a non-magnetic mineral, but diabase dykes have strong magnetization. Ground high-precision magnetic data show that the amplitude of the anomalies is between plus-minus dozens of nanotesla. The position of diabase is difficult to judge by planar contours of total-field anomaly, but it well corresponds to the positive value of the 0 degree horizontal first derivative.
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    FLUID IDENTIFICATION BASED ON EI-FATTI ELASTIC IMPEDANCE INVERSION
    YANG Tong
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 360-366.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.07
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (3512KB) ( 726 )
    EI-Fatti elastic impedance inversion can directly yield P-wave impedance, S-wave impedance and density data. The tentative calculation of reflection coefficients of three AVO models shows that the inversion method meets the requirements of inversion precision. Meanwhile, based on EI-Fatti elastic impedance of two fluid factors, the three AVO models were comparatively studied, and the results show that the two fluid factors show different fluid identification effects for different AVO models. Meanwhile, through the intersection and correlation analysis of elastic parameters and reservoir parameters, qualitative and quantitative fluid identification can be carried out, so the gas reservoir can be distinguished from the fizz reservoir in actual data.
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    RESERVES ESTIMATION AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE ORGANIC CARBON POOL IN LANZHOU-BAIYIN AREA, GANSU PROVINCE
    LIU Wen-hui, LI Chun-liang, WU Yong-qiang
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 367-371.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.08
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (459KB) ( 519 )
    As a key component of land carbon storage, the soil organic carbon storage plays an important role in the study of land carbon recycle. On the basis of multiple target geochemical survey data and distribution of different types of soil in Lanzhou-Baiyin area, the organic carbon density and storage in surface soil (from 0 to 20 cm) were estimated to illustrate its spatial distribution characteristics. The results show that the average surface soil organic density in Lanzhou-Baiyin area ranges from 1.52 to 7.73 kg/m2. The soil organic density in Yuzhong is higher than that in other areas and reaches 2.69 kg/m2, while the density in Huining is the lowest and reaches 1.56 kg/m2. As for soil types, the soil organic carbon density in meadow is the highest and its density reaches 7.73 kg/m2. Soil carbon density in gray cinnamonic soil, chestnut soil and lithosol ranges from 2.96 to 5.18 kg/m2, and that of red clay and light grey desert soil ranges from 1.52 to 1.53 kg/m2. Viewed from land use status, the soil organic carbon density in woodland is the highest, and it should be affected by the climate, vegetation and human activity.
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    THE APPLICATION OF COALFIELD THREE-DIMENSIONAL SEISMIC EXPLORATION TECHNOLOGY TO LOESS TABLELAND REGION OF WESTERN CHINA
    ZHU Hong-juan
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 372-376.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.09
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (3024KB) ( 572 )
    Exemplified by three-dimensional exploration in a certain exploration area of Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, this paper analyzed the difficulties existent in the seismic exploration within the loess tableland region, and described technical measures adopted in field collection, indoor processing and interpretation. Drilling verification shows that the data obtained are fairly satisfactory in that they are consistent with the geological-structural regularity of the study area.
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    A STUDY OF MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDING IN THE MIDDLE SEGMENT OF THE LONGMENSHAM STRUCTURAL BELT
    ZHANG Zhen-yu, WANG Xu-ben, FANG Hui
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 377-381.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.10
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1234KB) ( 849 )
    With multifunction instrument V8 generated by Phoenix Company in Canada, the authors carried out magnetotelluric sounding study in the middle section of Longmenshan structural belt, and used advanced data processing and interpretation of electromagnetic technology to analyze magnetotelluric sounding (MT) profile data. At the same time, the profile was analyzed by the qualitative analysis method (Mohr circle analysis, polarization diagram analysis) and the interpretation of magnetotelluric sounding. It is concluded that the overall performance of the profile is two-dimensional, and the anisotropy and three-dimensional nature are relatively strong in the fracture sub-region. It is also inferred that the source location of the Wenchuan Magnetude-8 Earthquake that occurred in May 12, 2008 was in the footfall of Yinxiu fault.
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    THE ANOMALY INVESTIGATION OF SELF-POTENTIAL METHOD FOR COAL FIRE AREA SURVEY
    LI Xiao-chun, LI Xi-ping, XU Guang-ming
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 382-385.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.11
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (916KB) ( 587 )
    In the light of the high complexity and difficulty met by such traditional coal field fire area exploration methods as high accuracy magnetic method and isotope radon method in the actual reconnaissance, we need other more effective exploration methods. The authors utilized the self-potential method to delineate the boundary of the fire area, which was consistent with the drilling result. It is shown that the self-potential method is a fairly effective means in the complex environment of the fire area.
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    THE STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF AIRBORNE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION
    WAN Jian-hua, XIONG Sheng-qing, FAN Zheng-guo
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 386-391.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.12
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (424KB) ( 1061 )
    This paper has described the development state of the airborne gamma-ray spectrometry technology and its applications both in China and aboard, especially the recent development in the aspects of instruments, data processing and interpretation technology as well as the applications. On the basis of the present requirements of China's geological work, the focus work of China's airborne gamma-ray spectrometry in the coming period was pointed out. Firstly, the regional airborne gamma-ray spectrometry surveying and the exploitation of the existing data should be strengthened, and the new application fields should be opened up. Secondly, the practical development should be carried out following the full utilization of Chinese-made instruments. Finally, the new methods and techniques for the airborne gamma ray spectrometry surveying ought to be strengthened.
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    THE REASON FOR THE SOMEWHAT LOWER TEM OBSERVATION RESISTIVITY IN NEAR-REGION OF MAGNETIC SOURCE
    WANG Qing-yi, JIANG Bin, XU Li-zhong
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 392-395.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.13
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (494KB) ( 545 )
    This paper discusses the reason why the TEM observation resistivity is lower or much lower than actual resistivity. It is caused by the additional effect of the electric field coupling between the transmit coil and the receiving coil during the time of power supply. This effect becomes a strong background values in the measurement of the transient potential. This paper gives the method and measures for eliminating (or weakening) this field interference.
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    THE MORPHOLOGIC FEATURES AND ENRICHMENT PROCESS OF SOIL THERMOMAGNETIC COMPONENTS
    GUO Zhi-juan, MA Sheng-ming, HU Shu-qi, Xi Ming-jie
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 396-402.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.14
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1168KB) ( 439 )
    Optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the morphology features, structure, surficial properties and mineralogical composition of the thermomagnetic components, and chemical analysis was applied to discuss the enrichment and the mechanism of the adsorption of the effective indicator elements. The correlative analysis between Fe-Mn oxides and mineralized indicator elements of soil, soil thermomagnetic components and nonmagnetic components confirms the enrichment of thermomagnetic components, which provides the theoretic basis for soil thermomagnetic survey. Comparative tests indicate that soil thermomagnetic survey is more powerful than conventional soil survey in detecting weak mineral information caused by deep ore deposits.
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    THE GRAVIMETRY NEAR-STATION TERRAIN CORRECTION INSTRUMENT SYSTEM BASED ON LASER DISTANCE-MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY
    LIU Kuan-hou, GENG Tao, YANG Huan-ying, TANG Xiao-ping, GUO Pei-hong, ZHANG Ming-hua
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 403-408.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.15
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (591KB) ( 693 )
    This paper describes the Gravimetry Near-Station Terrain Correction Instrument System, which is based on laser distance-measurement technology. Following the laser distance measuring theory, the authors successfully developed a gravimetry near-station terrain correction instrument system(GTCS-1) which contains the near-station terrain correction instrument suitable for large-scale gravity survey and corresponding software. It has been proved that this system has some advantages, such as high-accuracy, lighter weight, easiness to carry, reasonable price, adaptability and easy operation.
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    THE SEISMIC EXCITATION TECHNIQUE FOR THE MOUNTAINOUS AREA IN BLOCK 71, YEMEN
    PEI Quan-li
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 409-413.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.16
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (2747KB) ( 544 )
    Geological conditions of the mountainous area in Block 71 of Yemen are very complex. The surface of the mountain is covered with thin weathering layer in some places, and the excitation condition is bad. Therefore, the key point of improving the seismic data quality is to optimize the data quality of the mountainous area. The direction and method of optimizing the vitalizing technology was determined through analyzing the former seismic data, and the parameters for dynamite and Vibroseis were decided respectively through comprehensive parameter test. Vibroseis was adopted in the open and wide area and dynamite source was used as supplement where the vacant source points were excessive. Single-line design was performed after scouting the line by means of performing crooked line and changing geometry so as to design as many source points for vibroseis as possible during the real operation. With the new exciting technique, the data quality has been improved greatly.
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    THE APPLICATION OF LaBr3(Ce) GAMMA RADIATION SCINTILLATION SPECTROMETER TO DIRECT DETERMINATION OF URANIUM CONTENT OF URANIUM ORE BODIES
    WU Yong-peng, TANG Bin, CHENG Jian-ping, LIANG Yong-shun, WANG Zhe
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 414-417.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.17
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (371KB) ( 807 )
    Lanthanum bromide scintillator, namely LaBr3(Ce), is a new detector which has excellent comprehensive performance for detecting gamma-ray. However, LaBr3(Ce) detector fails to measure the fine structure of gamma-ray spectrum from the uranium-bearing ore body for its limited energy resolution, and the spectrum measured doesn't show the characteristic peaks which are directly related to uranium content. Under such circumstances, the development of a technique which can determine uranium content directly is necessary. The authors measured a series of hard rock radionuclide-bearing ore bodies using a LaBr3(Ce) probe made in China, and determined uranium content directly by relative analysis combining energy window with linear regression based on 234Pam, 1.001 MeV characteristic energy and, as a result, obtained satisfactory results, which show that the relative error is less than 10.0% for uranium content over 99×10-6, and the error is less than 8.5% for other main radionuclides.
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    THE DETERMINATION OF SEVEN ANIONS IN WATER-EXTRACTABLE SOIL SAMPLES BY ION CHROMATOGRAPHY
    LI Qing-xia, LIU Ya-xuan, CHEN Wei-ming, XIAO Xi-lian, ZHANG Qin
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 418-421.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.18
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (587KB) ( 632 )
    The technology for determination of seven anions in water-extractable soil samples by ion chromatography was developed and the extraction conditions were optimized. Under the optimum condition, the recoveries of seven anions (F-,Cl-,NO2-,SO42-,Br-,NO3- and PO43-) were 94.4%-102.5% and the precisions of seven anions were 3.1%-4.6%. The means has been applied to the determination of seven anions in water-extractable soil samples with satisfactory results.
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    THE RESPONSE OF DUAL LATEROLOG TO DIFFERENT BOREHOLE CONDITIONS IN THE HORIZONTAL WELL
    LIU Di-ren, WAN Wen-chun, XIA Pei, YAN Lin-hui, BIE Kang
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 422-425.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.19
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (486KB) ( 632 )
    Based on horizontal well modeling with 3 layers, the authors analyzed the impact of borehole on dual laterolog in the horizontal well by using the 3D Finite Element Method. The numerical simulation shows that the positions of horizontal boreholes, the various borehole sizes and mud resistivity exert obvious influences on dual laterolog response, especially in the thin bed. The larger the borehole size and mud resistivity are, the more serious the impact on dual laterolog response is. Within the thickness of 6 m, the deep and shallow laterolog response in the horizontal well varies with parameters of the shoulder bed. The shoulder bed makes little impact on the deep laterolog response beyond the thickness of 36 m and on the shallow laterolog beyond the thickness of 6 m. Within the range of 15°, the dip-angle of horizontal borehole makes little impact on the dual laterolog response.
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    THE INFLUENCE OF HUMAN DISTURBANCE ON TIME DOMAIN IP OBSERVATION RESULT
    XU Wen-xiang
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 426-428.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.20
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (837KB) ( 575 )
    During the time-domain IP work conducted in a certain ore district of northeast Guangdong Province, human disturbance resulted in the formation of pseudo-anomalies. Aimed at solving this problem, the author studied the influence of human disturbance on time domain IP observation result through analyzing plane and profile anomaly characteristics of underground communication optical cable and underground metallic water-supply network. Based on a comparison with the anomaly characteristics of the known ore body, the author distinguished ore-related anomalies from disturbance anomalies.
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    PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCHES ON FOCUS PROBLEMSOF URBAN GEOCHEMISTRY IN CHINA
    LI Jie, SHI Ze-ming, GAO Qin, NI Shi-jun, ZHANG Cheng-jiang, LI Shi-yong
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 429-434.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.21
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (424KB) ( 645 )
    As a subject, urban geochemistry mainly studies the ecological, environmental and geological problems during the urbanization, and uses the theories and methods of geochemistry to study the distribution, evolution, reaction, and health effect of chemical elements and isotopes in the urban environmental system such as groundwater, surface water, soil, atmosphere, air dust and biology, so as to find out the reason for the pollution, give caution for the future, and give advice to control these factors rationally. Nowadays, the hotspots and forefront fields of the urban geochemistry in China mainly focus on multi-purpose urban geochemical survey and assessment, urban environmental pollution and eco-geochemical risk assessment, urban environment and human health, geochemical prospecting for concealed active faults in urban area, control of the urban geochemical system and urban programming. However, there are still some problems in urban geochemistry which should be studied deeply in the future.
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    POLLUTION SITUATION AND DISTRIBUTION MIGRATION OF HEAVY METALSIN SOIL OF LELING-ESTUARY AREA, SHANDONG PROVINCE
    WANG Cun-long, ZHAO Xi-qiang, JIANG Wen-hui, YU Chao, WANG Hong-jin, LIU Hua-feng
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 435-440.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.22
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (656KB) ( 525 )
    A study of the distribution and migration regularity of heavy metals in Leling-estuary area of Shandong Province shows that the soil of the study area belongs mainly to the clean area, that the mild pollution possesses the largest proportion in the polluted area, and that medium and heavy pollution possesses 0.57% of the whole study area. Pollution factors are mainly Cd, Hg and Pb. Industrial waste water is the main source of soil pollution. The wheat straw in the polluted area is obviously enriched with Cd and Hg, whose values are close to or exceed the Cd and Hg content of the root system soil and are lowest in seeds. The wheat seeds are evidently enriched with Se aned Zn. Cd and Hg are distributed mainly in stable state in root system soil, and the content of active state Cd and Hg is very low. The insignificant activation migration quantity is closely related to the alkaline environment of the study area.
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    THE CORRELATION BETWEEN INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATIONS AND GEOLOGICAL BACKGROUNDS IN SOME TYPICAL AREAS OF BEIJING AND GUANGDONG
    QIN Chun-yan, WANG Nan-ping, XIAO Lei, CHU Xing-ming
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 441-444.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.23
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (590KB) ( 654 )
    For the purpose of studying the indoor radon level under different geological backgrounds, the authors measured indoor radon concentrations by pulse chamber radon monitor AlphaGUARD in some typical areas of Guangdong and Beijing, and also made long-term monitoring of indoor radon concentrations at a measuring site in Guangdong. The results show that surface lithology is one of the most important factors affecting indoor radon. The indoor radon in the granite area is higher than that in other lithologic areas, and the level of indoor radon in Guangdong is apparently higher than that in Beijing. The average concentrations of indoor radon in Guangdong and Beijing are respectively 69.98 Bq/m3 and 43.97 Bq/m3 for granite area, and 43.60 Bq/m3,35.74 Bq/m3 for Quaternary area. The level of indoor radon in the residence is slightly higher than that in office buildings and restaurants. The study of the distribution and level of indoor radon in combination with geological background is of guiding significance for the selection of the indoor radon survey points and also has important practical value for regional scale indoor radon evaluation.
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    IMPACT OF DIPOLE SPACING IN ELECTRICAL LANDFILL LEAKAGE DETECTION
    GUAN Shao-peng, WANG Yu-ling, NAI Chang-xin, SUN Wen-yan
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 445-447.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.24
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (452KB) ( 494 )
    The dipole spacing could affect the detection sensitivity and accuracy in the electrical landfill leakage detection. Based on the principle of electrical method, the influence of dipole spacing was analyzed and validated by experiment. The theoretical and experimental results show that: (1) the greater the dipole spacing is, the higher the detection sensitivity is, but the locating accuracy lower and some leaks will easily be undetected; (2) the smaller the dipole spacing is, the higher the leak locating accuracy is, but the detection sensitivity lower. In engineering practice, the dipole spacing usually is determined as 1 m.
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    MAGNETOTELLURIC INVERSION BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION
    XIONG Jie, MENG Xiao-hong, LIU Cai-yun, PENG Miao
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 448-451.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.25
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (373KB) ( 463 )
    This paper proposes a differential evolution inversion algorithm in order to avoid the dependency on the initial model and the local solution. Applying this algorithm to magnetotelluric inversion on 1D layered geo-electrical models of G, H and HA yields consistent results with the models in the noise-free case. When noises of 10% and 20% are added to the models, the results of inversions remain fairly good. Numerical experiment results demonstrate that this differential evolution inversion algorithm is independent of initial models, capable of global optimization and anti-noise, and makes MT data inversion more effective.
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    AN IMPROVED DENOISING METHOD FOR LONG-PERIOD MAGNETOTELLURIC SOUNDING BASED ON EMD AND WAVELET TRANSFORMATION
    LUO Hao-zhong, WANG Xu-ben, ZHANG Wei, LUO Wei, ZHANG Gang
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 452-456.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.26
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1070KB) ( 709 )
    In consideration of the nonlinear, non-stationary and non-minimum phase characteristics of the magnetotelluric signal, this paper has proposed a denoising method based on empirical mode decomposition and wavelet transform, in which the time series signal is decomposed by EMD transform, the continuous mean square error criteria are used to determine a turning point in the original signal energy, then the wavelet threshold denoising method is employed to denoise the residual amount of intrinsic mode function, and finally the signal is reconstructed. Tests of signal processing show that the method can be effectively applied to signal denoising process.
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    THE STUDY AND APPLICATION OF THE GROUND PENETRATION RADAR TO THE FORWARD MODELING OF PERMAFROST AREA
    HU Jun, YU Qi-hao, YOU Yan-hui, QIAN Jin
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 457-461.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.27
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (823KB) ( 742 )
    Based on an analysis of the applied condition of Ground-Penetrating Radar in permafrost areas in combination with the forward modeling and practical examples, the authors conducted researches on the effectiveness of applying the ground penetrating radar to surveying the distribution, burial depth, storage situation of the thick layer subsurface ice and types of the permafrost in the permafrost area. The results show that remarkable difference in the permittivity exists between the thick layer subsurface ice and the surrounding geological bodies, resulting in the difference of phase characteristics, amplitudes, reflected waves and reflected wave groups of radar waves. The ground-penetrating radar is thus effective in surveying different characteristics of the thick layer subsurface ices. As for the ice-poor permafrost and ice-bearing permafrost, the ground-penetrating radar can also effectively distinguish various permafrost situations in combination with drilling exploration and some other exploration methods due to the difference existent in the storage situation and the distribution of ice crystals in the permafrost layer.
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    THE APPLICATION OF THE Jason INVERSION TECHNIQUE TO RESERVOIR PREDICTION IN LIBAO AREA
    PEI Ran, LI Hua-dong
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 462-466,472.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.28
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (3050KB) ( 498 )
    It is of great significance to apply Jason Inversion Technique to Haian sag for subtle reservoir exploration. In this paper, taking basic flow of Jason software constrained sparse pulse inversion as the platform, in combination with the reservoir distribution of Libao area, the authors successfully solved such key problems as logging information normalization, wavelet extraction, geological modeling and Lambda data selection. It is proved that the forecasting results coincide with drilling data and regional sedimentary features. Therefore, Jason inversion technique can enhance the precision of subtle trap recognition and boost the subtle reservoir exploration process in this area.
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    STUDY ON THE P-WAVE CHARACTERS OF MEDIA WITH TILTED ALIGNED FRACTURE
    LIU Bai-hong, ZHOU Wei, MA Zhong-gao
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 467-472.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.29
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1554KB) ( 480 )
    According to Schoenberg's linear-slip model and Bond transform, the elatica tensor of tilted transform isotropic (TTI) media is getted. Consider the media that contains tilted aligned fracture as TTI media, and then the P-wave phase velocity, PP-wave reflection coefficients and anisotropic elastic impedance of the media with fracture are studied based on the approximate analysis formula of the P-wave phase velocity, PP-wave reflection coefficients and anisotropic elastic impedance of TTI media. P-wave phase velocity, PP-wave reflection coefficients and elastic impedance of the media with fracture are all display stronger anisotropy with bigger incidence angle, but PP-wave reflection coefficients is more sensitive to the incidence angle.
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    THREE-DIMENSIONAL FAST INVERSION OF BOREHOLE-SURFACE DATA
    LV Yu-zeng, RUAN Bai-yao, PENG Su-ping
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 473-478.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.30
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1015KB) ( 680 )
    Based on an analysis of coefficient matrix formed from three-dimensional FEM (finite element method) forward with tetrahedral cells division, the authors used MSR (Modified Sparse Row) memory method and SSOR-PCG for solving equations to realize the fast forward of borehole-surface IP surveying. The inversion technique is based on the least-squares and CG (conjugate gradient), and it makes use of the simple relationship between Jacobian matrix A and the forward equation, which needs only to solve and multiplying a vector and avoids direct calculation and access of matrix. The 3-D fast inversion with minutes of PC time is achieved. The inversion results of three-dimensional borehole-surface forward synthetic data reproduce the known models approximately.
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    THE APPLICATION OF MapGIS SECONDARY DEVELOPMENT TO THE BOREHOLE THREE-COMPONENT MAGNETIC DATA PROCESSING SOFTWARE
    XIONG Jie, ZOU Chang-chun, LIU Zhi-you
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 479-484.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.31
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1000KB) ( 646 )
    Through comparing four secondary development methods, the authors designed and implemented MapGIS export modules of the borehole three-component magnetic measurement software using the Object-Oriented and Dynamic Link Library (DLL) technique based on the MapGIS API method. Practical applications indicate that the modules can export standard MapGIS files, thus effectively improving the working efficiency of the processing of borehole magnetic data and automatic mapping on computer and satisfying the requirement of data filing.
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    DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VSP WAVEFIELD SEPARATION SYSTEM BASED ON Qt
    YU Ben-shan, WANG Yan-chun, ZHANG Liang-qing, LIU Shao-feng, XIONG Jie, LI Bo
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 485-489.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.32
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (2482KB) ( 789 )
    The technology of VSP is a very important earthquake observation method and is developing very fast in recent years. How to separate the wave-up and wave-down curve efficiently is the critical problem for applying the VSP data. This paper introduces several common methods to separate wave field of VSP, and a system is developed, which is by using the cross-platform Qt graphical user interface software library. The system is very powerful and the operation Interface is friendly.It has been well applied in the actual data processing.
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    THE STUDY AND DESIGN OF VIBROSEIS SWEEP SIGNAL BASED ON SOPC
    ZHENG Gong-ming, ZHANG Hai, LEI Xue-mei, SUN Xiang-e
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 490-495.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.33
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1691KB) ( 514 )
    Vibrosesis is of increasingly important value in geological exploration. During the field work, different geological conditions need different parameters, the choice of suitable excitation parameters and the realization of the appropriate sweep signal become important problems. Main numbers of controlled seismic source, start-end frequency, scanning length, scanning slopes and its length in linear sweep signal, pseudo code order and carrier frequency in pseudo sweep signal were analyzed and discussed in this paper, and the influence of these parameters on quality of the sweep signal was studied in detail. The design of IP core of VSG hardware and the signaling system based on SOPC can meet the technical indices of the sweep signal.
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    THE DETECTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE INPUT IMPEDANCE AND OUTPUT IMPEDANCE OF A RADIO WAVE TUNNEL PERSPECTIVE INSTRUMENT
    FU Shu-ling, AN Li-qian, LI Zhen-xi
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 496-498,506.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.34
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (394KB) ( 519 )
    In this paper, the intrinsically safe electrical equipment is described, and a detection method for the input impedance and output impedance (R, L, C) of a radio wave tunnel perspective instrument is put forward for the first time. Theoretical analysis has demonstrated the feasibility of this detection technique, and his paper tentatively puts forward the practical measurement method.
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    THE APPLICATION OF RESERVOIR SATURATION TOOL DUAL DETECTOR WELL LOGGING DATA TO INVERTING OIL HOLDUP
    FANG Zhan-jie, MENG Xiao-hong
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 499-502.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.35
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1298KB) ( 529 )
    The application of Reservoir Saturation Tool (RST) well logging in horizontal production well or highly-deviated production well can help get continuous measured values of oil holdup, gas holdup and water holdup. The authors aim to probe into oil holdup acquisition methods through RST well logging,which can determine the well hole oil holdup based on model analysis of RST dual detector well logging. In the process of model inversion, the acquisition of sensitive coefficients for this tool is based on the random number analysis method, and thus more accurate sensitive coefficients are obtained. This process acquires well hole holdup by using model inversion on the basis of the combination of desired coefficient and other well logging data. A comparison of calculated values with measured values and an analysis of the errors of the results show that this method is feasible.
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    A PERLIMINARY STUDY OF APPLYING RESISTIVITY PROSPECTING METHOD TO THE EXPLORATION OF SHALE GAS AND OIL SHALE RESOURCES
    LIU Hai-liang, SU Wen-li, LUO Zhen-jia, LI Lei
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 503-506.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.36
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1348KB) ( 857 )
    The resistivity data obtained by the rock specimen method and logging method indicate that the organic matter-rich shale layers have relatively high even the highest resistivity values. The detection tests in the Hehiafang oil shale mining area and the Minhe oil gas basin mining area show that the organic matter-rich shale layer, whether it lies at the shallow depth ( shallower than hundreds of meters ) or in great depth (with buried depth of several kilometers), can be effectively identified by the resistivity prospecting method. This paper also points out that the resistivity prospecting method can play a good role in shale gas and oil shale exploration.
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    A COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF THREE SETS OF TEM SOFTWARE ABROAD
    WANG Xing-chun, WU Jun-jie, DENG Xiao-hong, ZHANG Jie, YANG Yi
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 507-510.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.37
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (1807KB) ( 923 )
    On the basis of a study and analysis of three sets of dominant transient electromagnetic software abroad(Maxwell, EM vision and Emigma), the authors designed tabular or prismatic bodies with homogeneous half-space, layered earth and homogeneous half-space and compares the difference between them. 1D inversion was carried out with homogeneous half-space and layered earth too. The forward and inversion results have led the authors to reach the conclusion that in some circumstances these sets of software can yield the same results, but there still exist some differences under different conditions.
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    THE PROGRESS OF GEOPHYSICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DOWNTOWN AREA OF A CITY AND THE BREAKTHROUGH IN KARST CAVE SURVEY AND ROCK BURST PREDICTION OF THE TUNNEL
    ZHONG Shi-hang, Wang Rong
    Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration. 2012, 36 (3): 511-516.   DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2012.3.38
    Abstract   HTML   PDF (4061KB) ( 603 )
    Geophysical technologies in busy town of city have two problems which are vibration noise of passerby, cars and the other machines and the strong interference of geoelectric and electromagnetic. So geophysical exploration can not work in area on subway and the other engineering in busy town at present. The Landsonar method and C-1 electric instrument were new techniques used in recent years, which can not only advance greatly the resolution but also avoid kinds of interference and got new breakthrough on shallow engineering surveys in busy town of Beijng, Jinan and Guangzhou. Survey of the single karst caves was one of the difficult exploration problems. Landsonar had predicted single karst caves of 1m diameter at several decameters far away, got many confirmations with drilling hole and achieved great breakthrough. The mechanism and prediction of rockburst of underground engineering under high stress was also a difficult problem in international rock mechanics circle, the teams of author and professor Tang Chun-an achieved great result and progress on survey of rockburst with Landsonar and Microseismic monitoring system in Jingping secondary waterpower station.
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