高干扰矿集区大地电磁噪声抑制技术探索

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1140

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Abstract

Magnetotelluric sounding (MT) has been extensively applied in mineral resource exploration. However, strong anthropogenic electromagnetic interference severely constrains the acquisition of high-quality original MT data. This study provided a detailed summary of the common types of electromagnetic noise sources in China and analyzed the characteristics of electromagnetic noise they produced. By comparing the methods for MT electromagnetic noise reduction at home and abroad, this study developed a rapid and effective construction and processing technology for MT data denoising in high-interference ore districts based on actual production demands. The results indicate that Robust processing, remote reference technique, and manual selection are effective and necessary in enhancing MT data quality. Besides, theoretical calculations suggest that the distance between the remote reference stations should be set at 3.56-fold skin depth or above, as verified by the MT experiments in the ore district of the Hongze salt basin, Jiangsu Province.

Key words： magnetotelluric sounding (MT) electromagnetic noise denoising remote reference method ore concentration area

Received: 10 April 2023 Published: 26 February 2024

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	Articles by authors
	She-Feng HAO
	Shao-Bing TIAN
	Rong MEI
	Rong-Hua PENG
	Zhao-Ling LI

Cite this article:

She-Feng HAO,Shao-Bing TIAN,Rong MEI, et al. Exploring electromagnetic noise suppression technologies for magnetotelluric sounding in high-interference ore districts[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(1): 162-174.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1140 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2024/V48/I1/162

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Global average amplitude characteristics of electromagnetic field intensity^[4]

Resistivity curves and phase curves of MT data under different interference conditions

Types and characteristics of humanistic electromagnetic noise

方法	方式	特点	缺陷	效果	备注	参考文献
互功率谱法	计算阻抗的互功率谱	可克服通道之间不相关噪声	各道噪声信号大多相关	有一定压制作用,不能明显解决问题		Goubua^[24]
Robust处理法	根据观察误差对数据进行加权处理	注重未受干扰数据,降低飞点权重	无法消除相关噪声和输入端噪声	可以有效减小曲线分散度	普遍应用	Egbert等^[21];Chave等^[22];Sutarno等^[23]
远参考道技术	远离噪声源布设参考站	噪声不相关,信号高相关	无法消除死频带数据的近场效应	可以有效抑制相关噪声的影响	广泛应用	Gamble等^[16];Goubau等^[24] ; Clarke等^[8];陈清礼等^[25];杨生等^[19];Ueharai等^[26] ;徐志敏等^[27];张刚^[28]
小波变换去噪法	通过伸缩和平移等运算对信号进行细化分析	时频局域性多尺度细化分析	依赖小波基函数的选取和基函数阈值的设置	可解决特性问题,需人为分析基函数与阈值	缺乏自适应性	Mallat^[29];何兰芳等^[30];Trad等^[31];凌振等^[13];Anvari等^[32];Cai等^[33];万云霞等^[34]
H-H变换	经验模态分析和Hilbert spectrum分析	可处理非线性、非平稳信号	算法效率低,易出现模态混叠现象	可有效压制基线漂移以及高频噪声、工频干扰等典型噪声	无法满足实时性需求	Huang等^[35];Cai^[36];Cai等^[37];陈钧等^[38]
稀疏分解法	压缩感知和信号的稀疏分解	需构建谐波方波、尖冲干扰等干扰数据库	耗时较长;算法效率低;易陷入局部最优解	可分离信号中的人文干扰,保留有用信号	无法完全匹配噪声形态	Mallat^[29];Donoho^[39];汤井田等^[40]
RhoPlus校正法	由高质量数据估算Rho+模型,通过模型推算“死频带”数据	确保地电维性为1D及2D;死频带前后具有一定频率高质量数据	对原始数据质量的要求较高,需要有较高的信噪比	对AMT死频带具有较好效果,可引入MT资料处理中	适用于高质量数据死频带校正	Parker^[41];周聪等^[20];李红领等^[42]
MT时间序列同步依赖关系去噪法	利用天然电磁场之间相关性建立本地与参考点的依赖关系	不改变原始时间序列文件格式	确保测站被影响的时间序列有限	对死频带范围内处理效果优于远参考法	配合远参考道技术综合利用	王辉等^[14]
人工挑选	依据电阻率与相位之间的相关性等对数据进行人工挑选	可依据测点已知地质情况,有选择性的挑选数据	具有较大的人为因素,对处理人员专业素质要求高	可大幅度提升原始曲线质量	应用广泛,需经验丰富人员

Comparison of MT noise suppression methods

Construction and processing technology of magnetotelluric data noise suppression

Graph of amplitude attenuation of electromagnetic wave and skin depth

Relationship between small reference distance and resistivity and frequency of underground medium

Summary of electromagnetic interference in Hongze Salt Basin exploration area, Huai 'an, Jiangsu Province

List of test stations and remote reference stations in the test area

Summary of basic situation of SY2 test site

Summary of basic situation of SY3 test site

Comparison of resistivity and phase curves of SY1 and SY3 base stations with different reference distances and manual selection

Comparison of resistivity and phase curves of SY2 with different reference distances and manual selection

Comparison of resistivity and phase curves of SY4 and SY5 base stations with different reference distances and manual selection

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