复杂地表条件下地震资料一致性处理方法研究与应用

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.1162

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Abstract

Located in the loess tableland area,the eastern Ordos Basin features criss-cross ravines and gullies and great topographic fluctuations.Its complex surface conditions and near-surface structures caused significantly different amplitudes,frequencies,and phases in the original seismic data of different regions.These differences are unrelated to the subsurface geological information and can easily lead to misinterpretation.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a processing method for seismic data consistency according to the characteristics of seismic data in the study area,aiming to improve the fidelity of seismic data.Based on the summary of the current consistency processing methods,this study built a new consistency processing flow for seismic data under complex surface conditions.By innovating surface consistent amplitude compensation,this study employed the dual-domain near-surface Q-absorption compensation for the first time to broaden the frequency band and improve the amplitude and frequency consistency of seismic data collected across gullies and tablelands.In addition,this study applied the surface consistent deconvolution of Yu's wavelet to attenuate the low-frequency noise and broaden the effective signal frequency band,improving the signal-to-noise ratio,resolution,and wavelet consistency of seismic data.The actual application verifies that the method used in this study is feasible and effective and has a high popularization value.

Key words： loess tableland consistency processing fidelity surface consistent amplitude compensation dual-domain near-surface Q-absorption compensation deconvolution of Yu's wavelet

Received: 23 June 2022 Published: 11 October 2023

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	Articles by authors
	Chao-Qun CHEN
	Hai-Tao DAI
	Qin GAO
	Jun-Jie CHEN
	Wen-Li LUO
	Zhi-Ru WANG

Cite this article:

Chao-Qun CHEN,Hai-Tao DAI,Qin GAO, et al. A processing method for seismic data consistency under complex surface conditions and its applications[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(4): 954-964.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.1162 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2023/V47/I4/954

Original single shot,amplitude statistics,single shot autocorrelation and spectrum in the gully and tableland connection area
a—original single shot;b—single shot amplitude statistics(red frame of fig.a in the ditch,blue frame of fig.a in the loess plateau);c—single shot autocorrelation(black frame in fig.a);d—spectrum in the ditch(red frame in fig.a);e—spectrum in the loess plateau(blue frame in fig.a)

RMS amplitude(a),single shot statistical autocorrelation(b), original stack profile(c), tableland(d) and gully(e) spectrum of gully and tableland connecting line

Calculation process of Q-V fitting relationship
a—first arrival top flattening of the uphole survey in double hole;b—spectrum of the first arrival;c—Q-V pair and Q-V fitting relationship

Near-surface velocity model of tomographic inversion and corresponding surface Q field
a—near-surface velocity model of tomographic inversion;b—velocity model corresponding surface Q field

Seismic data consistency processing flow under complex surface conditions
a—conventional consistency processing flow ;b—Q absorption compensation processing flow based on dual-domain near-earth surface

Single shot before and after surface consistency amplitude compensation in the gully and tableland connection area
a—before compensation;b—compensation by traditional method;c—compensation by this method

Comparison of single shot statistical autocorrelation and stack profile before(a) and after(b) Q absorption compensation of dual-domain near-ground surface

Comparison of single shot statistical autocorrelation and stack profile after different deconvolution
a—surface consistent deconvolution;b—Yu wavelet deconvolution

Comparison of processing effect with different consistency processing methods
a—RMS amplitude,shot statistical autocorrelation and pure wave profile after consistency processing with conventional method;b—RMS amplitude,shot statistical autocorrelation and pure wave profile after consistency processing withthis method

Comparison of achievement profile with different consistency processing methods
a—conventional consistency processing;b—consistency processing by this method

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