Z气田深层储集层地球物理预测

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1352

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摘要

储集层的精细刻画对于油气勘探开发具有重要意义。Z气田储层埋深大,砂岩阻抗与泥岩阻抗叠置,表现为“暗点”特征,利用常规地震较难识别储集层。本文采用基于优势道叠加技术实现Z气田深层储集层的刻画。首先,利用正演分析深层储集层的地震响应特征,明确物性差是“暗点”储集层形成的主要因素;然后,从研究目的层的井旁叠前道集出发,分析其AVO特征及不同角度范围的地震相位的稳定性,确定能准确反映储集层的相位稳定的优势角度地震道;最后,基于优势角度地震道进行部分叠加,得到岩性敏感三维数据体,实现深层储集层的刻画。通过3°~15°近道叠加-90°相移地震数据,可以较好地表征Z气田H3a储集层展布,为后续井位部署提供地球物理支撑。研究表明,优势道叠加技术可以较好表征深层河道储集层的空间展布,对相似油气田的储集层刻画具有一定的指导意义。

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关键词 ：优势道集叠加, 深层储集层, 阻抗叠置, 储集层预测

Abstract：

Fine-scale characterization of reservoirs is critical for oil and gas exploration and production. Reservoirs in the Z gas field exhibit considerable burial depths and superposed sandstone and mudstone impedance characterized by dark spots, complicating their identification using conventional seismic methods. This study achieved the characterization of deep reservoirs in the Z gas field based on the dominant-channel stacking technique. First of all, this study analyzed the seismic response characteristics of deep reservoirs through forward modeling, positing that poor physical properties are the primary factor contributing to the formation of dark spots. Then, starting with the investigation of the near-well prestack gathers of the target layer, this study examined their amplitude variation with offset (AVO) characteristics and seismic phase stability at different angles, determining the dominant-angle seismic channels that can accurately reflect the phase stability of reservoirs. Finally, this study derived a lithology-sensitive 3D data volume through partial stacking of dominant-angle seismic channels, achieving the characterization of deep reservoirs. The near-trace superimposition (3°~15°) of phase-shift seismic data (-90°) allowed for effectively characterized the H3a reservoir in the Z gas field, providing a geophysical basis for subsequent well deployment. Therefore, the dominant-channel stacking technique can effectively characterize the spatial distribution of deep river-channel reservoirs, guiding the reservoir characterization of similar oil and gas fields.

Key words： dominant-channel stacking deep reservoir impedance superposition reservoir forecasting

收稿日期: 2023-08-22 修回日期: 2023-11-03 出版日期: 2024-06-20

ZTFLH:	TE112.22
	P631.4

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(U19B2006);中海油上海分公司生产科研项目“Z气田H3b气藏开发机理及合理配产研究”(E-Y423RD01);国家科技重大专项“东海厚层非均质性大型气田有效开发关键技术”(2016ZX05027-004)

通讯作者: 娄敏(1993-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事深地震反射与深部构造研究工作。Email:loumin2@cnooc.com.cn

作者简介: 何贤科(1981-),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事油气田地质综合研究与管理工作。Email:hexk@cnooc.com.cn

引用本文:

何贤科, 娄敏, 李炳颖, 刘江, 胡伟, 蔡华. Z气田深层储集层地球物理预测[J]. 物探与化探, 2024, 48(3): 609-617.
HE Xian-Ke, LOU Min, LI Bing-Ying, LIU Jiang, HU Wei, CAI Hua. Geophysical forecasting of deep reservoirs in the Z gas field. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(3): 609-617.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1352 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2024/V48/I3/609

Fig.1 研究区地层柱状图和钻井平面位置

Fig.2 过井常规叠后地震剖面

Fig.3 实钻井合成记录标定

Fig.4 地震正演模型和地震剖面

Fig.5 不同孔隙度叠前AVO正演

Fig.6 研究区地震资料多次波去除前后对比

Fig.7 研究区H3a层的地震道集(a)和AVO曲线特征(b)

Fig.8 VSP走廊叠加道、合成记录与地震剖面对比

Fig.9 连井常规叠加剖面(a)与优势道叠加剖面(b)对比

Fig.10 H3a层砂体厚度及井位部署

Fig.11 H3a层西南角储集层尖灭减薄的2条典型地震剖面

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