汝城盆地深部构造及地热资源赋存潜力——基于重力与AMT探测的认识

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.1449

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摘要

地热是重要的清洁能源和旅游矿产,汝城盆地是湘东南山区内的碳酸盐岩盆地,具有形成对流型地热的有利条件,由于盆地三面受诸广山巨型岩体夹持,基底遭受岩体侵入破坏,地层变形严重,断裂纵横,东西构造差异显著,导热、导水通道与深部热储构造发育不清,制约了对该盆地地热赋存潜力的认识。针对以上问题,利用重力与AMT对盆地深部构造进行了探测,取得以下认识:①汝城盆地东西分异呈双向对冲的结构,东部复向斜受燕山期岩体围绕侵位发生挤压和顺时针旋转,核心区岩石破碎,边界走滑断裂岩石破碎带发育,断裂垂向切割深度超过4 km,宽度300~600 m,倾角80°~90°。②盆地内沿基底背斜轴部NWW向发育有多个隐覆岩体,直径3~4 km,埋深0.5~1.5 km,温泉产出在过隐伏岩体边界的断裂破碎带中。③盆地内具有形成对流型地热的良好条件,褶皱、断裂带和隐覆岩体等相互匹配形成统一的控热要素空间组合关系,构成东西双向补给、中间排泄的聚热特征,东部深部热储更发育,盆地地热资源潜力大。

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	赵宝峰
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	方雯

关键词 ：汝城盆地, 深部结构, 地热资源, 重力与AMT

Abstract：

Geothermal resources are significant clean energy and tourism mineral resources. The Rucheng Basin, a carbonate basin in the southeastern mountainous area of Hunan Province, possesses favorable conditions for the formation of convective geothermal energy. However, the basin is enclosed on three sides by the giant Zhuguangshan rock mass, and its basement is subjected to the intrusion and destruction by the rock mass, resulting in severely deformed formations, crisscrossing faults, and significantly different eastern and western structures. The understanding of the basin's water- and heat-conducting pathways and deep reservoir structures remains elusive, thus restricting the investigation of the basin's geothermal potential. Hence, this study probed the basin's deep structures through gravity survey and audio magnetotellurics (AMT), obtaining the following insights: (1) The Rucheng Basin has developed into a bidirectional ramp structure due to east-west differentiation. The synclinorium in the east experienced compression and clockwise rotation due to the emplacement of the Yanshanian rock mass, rocks were fragmented in the core zone, and strike-slip fracture zones were found at the boundary. The faults have vertical cutting depths exceeding 4 km, widths ranging from 300~600 m, and dip angles between 80°~90°. (2) The basin's basement anticlinal axis hosts several NWW-directed concealed rock masses, with diameters from 3~4 km and buried depths from 0.5~1.5 km. Hot springs reside in the fracture zones crossing the boundaries of the concealed rock masses. (3) The basin boasts favorable conditions for the formation of convective geothermal energy. Folds, fault zones, and concealed rock masses match each other to form a unified spatial combination of heat-controlling elements, manifesting heat accumulation characterized by east-west recharge and intermediate discharge. With more thriving deep geothermal reservoirs in the east, the basin has high potential for geothermal resources.

Key words： Rucheng Basin deep structure geothermal resource gravity survey and AMT

收稿日期: 2022-09-15 修回日期: 2023-02-21 出版日期: 2023-10-20

ZTFLH:

P631

基金资助:国家重点研发计划项目课题(2018YFC0603606);安徽省重点研究与开发计划(2020n07020003)

作者简介: 赵宝峰(1984-),男,2014年毕业于中国地质大学(武汉),获工学博士学位,高级工程师,主要从事地热资源勘查工作。Email:zhaobaofengxo@163.com

引用本文:

赵宝峰, 汪启年, 郭信, 官大维, 陈同刚, 方雯. 汝城盆地深部构造及地热资源赋存潜力——基于重力与AMT探测的认识[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(5): 1147-1156.
ZHAO Bao-Feng, WANG Qi-Nian, GUO Xin, GUAN Da-Wei, CHEN Tong-Gang, FANG Wen. Gravity survey and audio magnetotellurics-based insights into the deep structures and geothermal resource potential of the Rucheng Basin. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(5): 1147-1156.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.1449 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I5/1147

Fig.1 工区地质

Table 1 汝城盆地岩石物性

Fig.2 重力异常及解释
a—布格重力;b—匹配滤波视深度0~2 000 m;c—匹配滤波视深度2 000~4 000 m;d—匹配滤波视深度>4 000 m

Fig.3 AMT二维反演电阻率剖面及地质解释
a—L140测线及地质解释; b—L120测线及地质解释; c—L104测线及地质解释

Fig.4 工区地形及水源补给方向

Fig.5 汝城盆地深部结构及地热赋存特点

Fig.6 汝城盆地控热要素空间耦合关系示意

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