This study determined the speciation, available content, and physicochemical properties of selenium in soils using samples of topsoil and soil column profiles from Tabusai Township, Tumed Left Banner, Inner Mongolia, China. Accordingly, this study investigated the compositions of the speciation and available content of soil selenium, as well as their influencing factors. The results indicate that: (1) the major forms of selenium in topsoil include humic acid bound, strong organic bound, and residue forms; (2) the concentration of in the humic acid bound selenium correlates positively with the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and the concentrations of organic matter, phosphorus, and potassium; the total selenium concentration correlates positively with the concentrations of humic acid bound selenium, Fe-Mn oxide bound selenium, strong organic bound selenium, and residue selenium, all of which exhibit promotion effects; (3) the sulfur concentration correlates negatively with the concentration of water-soluble selenium, demonstrating an inhibitory effect; (4) the concentrations of selenium in various forms tend to decrease from the surface layer to the deep layer; (5) the concentration of bioavailable selenium correlates positively with the total selenium concentration, organic-bound selenium, and water-soluble selenium and correlates negatively with the sulfur concentration. The soils in the study area, featuring a high concentration of water-soluble selenium and fairly high bioavailability, are suitable for planting selenium-rich agricultural products.
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