新疆甜水海地区红山湖泉水化学特征及其意义

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.2569

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摘要

通过开展甜水海地区红山湖的泉水与湖水水文地球化学相关测试分析,探索区内水化学成分形成过程以及水体地球化学特征与来源,从而获得与油气有关的水文地球化学信息。结果显示:红山湖泉水总体呈弱碱性,以微咸水为主,水体主要离子质量浓度随着矿化度增加而增加,水化学类型为Na-HCO₃型;其主要补给为大气降水,且补给的大气降水在顺断裂或裂隙深循环过程中与围岩发生了水岩作用;矿化度、水化学类型以及泉水特征系数指示其代表的地下水体水动力较弱,且变质程度较深,与油田中油气伴生的地层水特征相似,推断该区地质环境整体利于油气形成与保存。

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	肖睿
	庞守吉
	祝有海
	张帅
	邹燚

关键词 ：红山湖, 泉水, 地球化学特征, 油气

Abstract：

Focusing on the spring and lake water in the Hongshan Lake in the Tianshuihai area, Xinjiang, China, this study explored the formation process of the hydrochemical components in the water and the geochemical characteristics and sources of the water bodies through hydrogeochemical testing and analyses. Accordingly, the hydrocarbon-related hydrogeochemical information was obtained. The results are as follows: The spring water in the Hongshan Lake is weakly alkaline in general and dominated by brackish water. The mass concentration of main ions in the water bodies increases with increasing salinity. The water has a hydrochemical type of Na-HCO₃ and is mainly charged by atmospheric precipitation, which interacts with the surrounding rocks during the deep circulation along faults or fractures. The salinity, hydrochemical type, and characteristic coefficient of spring water indicate that the groundwater in this area features weak hydrodynamic force and deep metamorphic degree, which are similar to the characteristics of the formation water associated with hydrocarbon in oil fields. Therefore, it can be inferred that the geological environment in this area is conducive to the generation and preservation of hydrocarbon resources.

Key words： Hongshan Lake spring water geochemical characteristics hydrocarbon

收稿日期: 2021-10-18 修回日期: 2022-01-17 出版日期: 2023-02-20

ZTFLH:

P632

基金资助:广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2020B0301030003);中国地质调查局地质调查项目“天然气水合物产能模拟与调控”(DD20211350);“陆域冻土区天然气水合物资源综合调查”(DD20190102)

通讯作者: 庞守吉(1982-),男,教授级高工,天然气水合物调查研究方向。Email:psj0409@163.com

作者简介: 肖睿(1990-),男,工程师,天然气水合物调查研究方向。Email:didaxr@163.com

引用本文:

肖睿, 庞守吉, 祝有海, 张帅, 邹燚. 新疆甜水海地区红山湖泉水化学特征及其意义[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(1): 39-46.
XIAO Rui, PANG Shou-Ji, ZHU You-Hai, ZHANG Shuai, ZOU Yi. Hydrochemical characteristics and significance of the Hongshan Lake in the Tianshuihai area, Xinjiang, China. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(1): 39-46.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.2569 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I1/39

Fig.1 研究区地质略图(据文献[20]改编)
a—西昆仑及邻区地质构造略图;b—研究区地质略图;c—水体样品采样分布

编号	采样点	矿化度/ (mg·L^-1)	水体化学类型	电导率/ (μs·cm^-1)	pH 值	δD _V-SMOW	δO _V-SMOW	阴、阳离子浓度/(mg·L^-1)
编号	采样点	矿化度/ (mg·L^-1)	水体化学类型	电导率/ (μs·cm^-1)	pH 值	δD _V-SMOW	δO _V-SMOW	F^-	Cl^-	$NO 3 -$	$SO 4 2 -$	Na⁺	$K +$	Mg²⁺	Ca²⁺	$HCO 3 -$
W1	间歇性冷泉水	2370	微咸水	3207	7.68	-96.1	-13.0	0.440	642	<0.08	94.5	555	25.3	47.9	113.0	891
W2	泉华水,水中出现钙华,池底发白	2102	微咸水	2897	7.98	-83.7	-11.3	0.540	616	<0.08	95.5	553	25.8	49.8	55.1	707
W3	泉华水,间歇性冷泉喷口处	1983	微咸水	2826	7.99	-84.5	-11.0	0.460	515	<0.08	83.4	499	24.5	45.7	68.9	747
W4	钙华区水	2093	微咸水	3032	7.98	-88.0	-11.3	0.520	573	<0.08	105.0	481	24.4	51.8	88.0	768
W5	最新形成的碳酸盐区	2091	微咸水	2963	7.4	-94.0	-12.6	0.560	506	<0.08	104.0	447	21.5	46.5	125.0	841
W6	冷泉渗流口	3076	咸水	2896	7.28	-93.9	-11.9	0.560	815	<0.08	112.0	693	28.9	55.9	186.0	1184
W7	底部呈红色的水体	2110	微咸水	4222	7.74	-91.0	-11.9	0.580	537	<0.08	93.0	495	24.4	49.5	93.1	817
W8	湖水样	119177	盐水	137000	8.07	-60.3	-8.1	<0.02	64082	<0.08	8938.0	41149	1238.0	2407.0	538.0	825

Table 1 研究区水体化学分析结果

Fig.2 离子浓度图解
a—泉水主要离子总含量; b—湖水主要离子总含量; c—主要阴离子所占的百分比; d—主要阳离子所占的百分比

Fig.3 研究区水体离子浓度Piper图

Fig.4 研究区水体氢氧同位素关系

Fig.5 研究区泉水的Gibbs 图式

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