基于水合物指示因子的地震识别方法

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2021.2511

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摘要

速度是水合物勘查的重要参数,但是速度的影响因素众多,给高精度识别水合物带来一定困难。水合物储层岩石物理是研究多种因素对速度影响的有效手段之一。考虑到水合物储层未固结等特征,本文采用SCA-DEM模型,重点对比了孔隙度、饱和度等对纵横波速度以及AVO特征的影响,并构建了一种新的水合物指示因子,消除了由于孔隙变化带来的假异常。岩石物理分析表明该指示因子与水合物饱和度具有很高的相关性。然后,推导得到了基于水合物指示因子的地震反射特征方程,并基于该方程反演得到了水合物指示因子,反演结果与实际钻探结果吻合较好,表明该方法具有一定的实用性以及科学性。

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	邓炜
	梁金强
	钟桐
	何玉林
	孟苗苗

关键词 ：水合物指示因子, 岩石物理, 叠前反演, 琼东南

Abstract：

Compared with the post-stack inversion,coupling features in impedance are complex.The pre-stack inversion can make full use of the information such as the amplitude and travel time and frequency of the prestack seismic data,more diverse logging data and geology,and yields geophysical parameters that are highly correlated with hydrate saturation.Seismic rock physics modeling of hydrate reservoirs is the basis for hydrate-oriented prestack inversion.Considering the microscopic pore structure and composition characteristics of hydrate reservoir rocks,this paper introduces SCA-DEM rock physics modeling methods.The influence of physicochemical parameters on the elastic characteristics of rock and its role in AVO characteristics are analyzed.The geophysical response of hydrates is discussed and a new hydrate seismic indicator is constructed.Seismic rock physics analysis shows that the indicator has a high correlation with hydrate saturation.Then,the seismic reflection equation based on hydrate indicator is derived and the feasibility analysis of the inversion is carried out. Finally, based on geological prior, we get the indicator using the actual pre-stack data and logging data in the Qiongdongnan sea of South China Sea.The real data application shows that the method has certain practicability and scientificity.

Key words： hydrate indicator rock physics pre-stack inversion Qiongdongnan area

收稿日期: 2019-11-13 修回日期: 2020-09-10 出版日期: 2021-02-20

ZTFLH:

P631.4

基金资助:中国地质调查局地质调查项目“南海北部天然气水合物重点区资源调查”(DD20190217);自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室开放基金“基于温压控制建模的水合物指示因子直接反演”(KLMMR-2018-A-04)

作者简介: 邓炜(1992-),男,四川达州人,工程师,主要从事天然气水合物地震检测研究工作。Email:hahens@163.com

引用本文:

邓炜, 梁金强, 钟桐, 何玉林, 孟苗苗. 基于水合物指示因子的地震识别方法[J]. 物探与化探, 2021, 45(1): 57-67.
DENG Wei, LIANG Jin-Qiang, ZHONG Tong, HE Yu-Lin, MENG Miao-Miao. Hydrate identification based on hydrate indicator. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2021, 45(1): 57-67.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2021.2511 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2021/V45/I1/57

Fig.1 南海琼东南海域一口含水合物井的部分测井曲线

Fig.2 建模结果与对应的硬孔隙度

Fig.3 孔隙度为45%时纵横波速度与水合物饱和度、含气饱和度的关系
a—纵波速度与水合物饱和度、含气饱和度的关系;b—横波速度与水合物饱和度、含气饱和度的关系

Fig.4 纵横波速度与孔隙度、含气饱和度的关系
a—纵波速度与孔隙度、含气饱和度的关系;b—横波速度与孔隙度、含气饱和度的关系

Fig.5 不同含气饱和度下纵横波速度与孔隙度的关系
a—纵波速度与孔隙度的关系;b—横波速度与孔隙度的关系

Fig.6 南海琼东南海域典型高饱和度水合物与低饱和度水合物井速度—孔隙度测井交会分析
a—w1纵波速度与孔隙度的关系;b—w2横波速度与孔隙度的关系

Fig.7 水合物顶底AVO分析
a—水合物顶AVO特征;b—水合物底AVO特征

Fig.8 w3井水合物顶底AVO特征曲线
a—水合物底AVO特征;b—水合物顶AVO特征

Fig.9 水合物饱和度与孔隙度的关系
a—w2水合物饱和度与孔隙度的关系;b—w3水合物饱和度与孔隙度的关系

Fig.10 w2井F^p与纵波速度以及纵波阻抗相对于水合物饱和度的交会分析
a—F^p与纵波速度的交会;b—F^p与纵波阻抗的交会

Fig.11 水合物指示因子反演流程

Fig.12 琼东南研究区某测线地震剖面
a—小角度部分角度叠加数据(1°~10°);b—中角度部分角度叠加数据(11°~20°);c—大角度部分角度叠加数据(21°~30°)

Fig.13 孔隙度反演结果

Fig.14 $v p ?$ (a)与 $v ? s$ (b)反演结果

Fig.15 F^p反演结果

Fig.16 南海琼东南海域阻抗与孔隙反射系数关系拟合
a—w1井纵波阻抗与孔隙反射系数关系;b—w2井纵波阻抗与孔隙反射系数关系

Fig.17 w1井孔隙度预测结果

Fig.18 w2井孔隙度预测结果

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