1. Institute of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031, China 2. No.5 Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Qinghai Bureau of Geological Exploration and Development, Xining 810008, China 3. Qinghai Branch of China Building Material Industry Geological Survey Center, Xining 810008, China 4. No.3 Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Qinghai Bureau of Geological Exploration and Development, Xining 810029, China
A procedure to screen the elements used in the research on the elemental zonation in a primary halo is rarely conducted, which is not conducive to the acquisition of an accurate understanding of the rules of elemental zonation. In this paper, the authors chose the Zhajiatongna gold deposit in Qinghai Province as a study case and aimed to study the difference between ore-forming metallic elements in the ability of forming a primary halo through comparing the elemental enrichment degrees in the wall rocks, mineralized wall rocks, and orebodies and on the basis of 2 779 samples from the drill cores of the deposit. It is found that the concentrations of Au, As, Sb, Hg, W, and Ag progressively increase from the wall rocks through mineralized wall rocks to orebodies, indicating a greater possibility of forming a primary halo for these elements. Zinc is enriched only in the orebodies, with less possibility of forming a large-scale primary halo. Elements of Mo, Cu, Pb, and Sn show insignificant enrichment or even show depletion, indicating a less possibility of forming a primary halo.A trend of enrichment zonation of ore-forming elements was recognized: Au, As, Sb in the wall rocks, Au, As, Sb, W, Hg (Ag) in the mineralized wall rocks, and Au, As, Ag, Sb, W, Hg and Zn in the orebodies. Elements show a decreasing weight of enrichment in the mineralized wall rocks in order of As, Hg, Au, Sb, W, Mo, Sn, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Ag, suggesting the progressively decreasing ability of entering into the wall rocks from the orebodies in order of low-temperature metallogenic elements through medium-temperature metallogenic elements to high-temperature metallogenic elements. Therefore, in the Zhajiatongna gold deposit, elements such as As, Hg, Au, Sb and W are optimal for researches on elemental zonation and mineral prediction.
袁兆宪, 侯振广, 任志栋, 刘永乐, 张大明, 张建平. 金属元素形成原生晕能力定量评价——以青海省扎家同哪金矿为例[J]. 物探与化探, 2021, 45(2): 292-300.
YUAN Zhao-Xian, HOU Zhen-Guang, REN Zhi-Dong, LIU Yong-Le, ZHANG Da-Ming, ZHANG Jian-Ping. Quantitative evaluation of the ability of elements in forming primary halos: A case study of the Zhajiatongna gold deposit, Qinghai Province. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2021, 45(2): 292-300.
Li H, Yu B, Li D L, et al. Summary of new methods on deep prediction of geochemical exploration[J]. Mineral Exploration, 2010,1(2):156-160.
[5]
黄薰德, 郁彦. 地球化学找矿[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1985.
[5]
Huang X D, Yu Y. Geochemical Prospecting[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1985.
[6]
Beus A A, Grigorian S V. Geochemical exploration methods for mineral deposits[M]. Wilmette: Applied Publishing Ltd., 1977.
[7]
Zhou Y. Geochemical exploration for deeply hidden ore in southeastern Hubei Province[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1989,33(1):135-144.
[8]
Konstantinov M M, Strujkov S F. Application of indicator halos (signs of ore remobilization) in exploration for blind gold and silver deposits[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1995,54(1):1-17.
Huang Z Y, Lu R A. Zoning characteristics and index of primary geochemical anomalies in Qiandongshan Pb-Zn deposit, Shaanxi Province, China[J]. Geology and Prospecting, 2003,39(3):39-44.
[10]
Liu L, Peng S. Prediction of hidden ore bodies by synjournal of geological, geophysical and geochemical information based on dynamic model in Fenghuangshan ore field, Tongling district, China[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2004,81(1):81-98.
[11]
Ghavami-Riabi R, Theart H F, De Jager C. Detection of concealed Cu-Zn massive sulfide mineralization below eolian sand and a calcrete cover in the eastern part of the Namaqua Metamorphic Province, South Africa[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2008,97(2-3):83-101.
Li H, Zhang W H, Liu B L, et al. The study on axial zonality sequence of primary halo and some criteria for the application of this sequence for major types of gold deposits in China[J]. Geology and Prospecting, 1999,35(1):32-35.
Wang W, Li P, Xia Y Q, et al. Geological features and prospecting orientation of Zhajiatongna deposit in Dachang golden orefield of Eastern Kunlun mountain[J]. Journal of Qinghai University:Nature Science Edition, 2012,30(5):60-68.
Gao Y W, Wang F D, Li L Y, et al. Report on the prospecting line 165-60 in the Dachang gold deposit, Qumalai county, Qinghai province, China[R]. Xining:No. 5 Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Qinghai Bureau of Geological Exploration and Development, 2011.
[15]
刘英俊, 曹励明, 李兆麟, 等. 元素地球化学[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1984.
[15]
Liu Y J, Cao L M, Li Z L, et al. Element geochemistry[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1984.
Ji K J, Wu X H, Zhang G B. Distribution regularity of source, water, heat and deposits about hydrothermal deposits [M]. Beijing: Beijing Science and Technology Press, 1989.
Ma S M, Zhu L X, Liu H L, et al. A study of geochemical anomaly structure of the Huitongshan copper deposit in Beishan area, Gansu Province[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2011,32(4):405-412.