This paper makes a brief description of the advance of several main nuclear goophysical prospectingtechniques developed quite rapidly since 1980s, which include the application of neutrino in geosciences; the application of nuclear technology to determining micro-particles and gases: the airborne gamma-ray spectrometry; the application of nuclear technology to in situ determination of grades and calculation of linear reserves, such as X-rayfluorescence, neutron activation and γ-ray radiation sampling; the ground gamma-ray spectrometry; the X-rayfluorescence well-logging; the subaqueous and submarine natural survey; the subaqueous X-ray fluorescence survey; the nuclear magnetic resonance method; the application of nuclear technology to engineering; the reflective cosmic neutron method and the application of nuclear technology to environmental sciences.

According to distribution regularity of elementS in strata, intrusive rocks, ores and orebodies of theZhongqiuyang volcanogene hydrothermal copper deposit, this paper has elucidated characteristics of geochemical primary anomalies, determined indicator elements related to the ore deposit and their sequence of zoning, established indices for evaluating denudation extent of ore deposit, and formulated geochemical anomaly pattern of the ore deposit.

Fuding round-the-year shaddock is a good-quality special species of shaddock. Besides favorable naturalgeographical conditions, its traditional growing areas are geoligically characterized by Cretaceous intermediate-acid(dacitic and rhyodacitic) pyroclastic rooks, which provide fairly rich nutritive elements such as Ca, Mg, Na, Zn andMn for crops and hence are favorable for the groWth of round-the-year shaddock. Through investigation, the requirements of round-the-year shaddock for varied chemical elements were found out, the suitable content range of effective state of elements in soils that grow round-the-year shaddock was tentatively determined, and the best areasfor further growing round-the-year shaddock were indicated. The preliminary fertilizer-applying test has providedgrounds for application of fertilizer in accordance with made-up prescriptions, which helps to raise both output andquality of shaddock fruits.

Based on an analysis of the major factors affecting the quality of data obtained in aeroelectromagneticsurvey, this paper has put forward zero horizontal drift correction methods such as field value standardization andphase check and correction, studied and developed a suite of techniques suited to data-processing and graphical representation for aeroelectromagnetic method. The processing and graphical representation of aeroelectromagnetic dataof over 30 000 traverse kilometers demonstrate the effectiveness of the techniques, and the apparent resistivity images obtained reflect characteristics of shallow electric distrbution, thus providing new data for geological mapping.

Using various geophysical and seismogeological data available, the present paper has probed into relationship of characteristics of gravity and magnetic field, crustal structure and active faults to earthquake and summedup spatial distribution of epicenters in crustal media. On such a basis, the grade indices for appraisal of crustal stabilityis established, and an evaluation is made on crustal stability of this area.

In the monographic study for No. 305 project of Xinjiang, three anomaly inspection drill holes were designed in the Huangshan copper-nickel ore district on the basis of data obtained by high-power "mise-la masse" method. As a result, copper-nickel ores with total thickness of 303. 43 m was observed, and some 600 000tons of copper-nickel research predicted reserves were obtained.

Using 1: 10000 integrated geochemical prospecting data obtained from the Xiaeqinggousilver-manganese polymetallic orefield in Shanxi Province, the present paper has reached the conclusion that induced polarization method, high-precision magnetic survey, very low frequency electromagnetic method and geochemical primary halo method are the best integrsted ore-prospecting methods in search for this type of ore deposits. In addition, effective large-scale metallogenic prognosis has been carried out.

The present paper has elucidated the establishment of empirical regression functions, the significancetest of regression coefficients and the technique of regression prediction and, with the data on water-search practiceon Yuhe River pluvial fan at the northern foot of Wutai Mountain in Shanxi Province as an example, analysed thecorrelation between IP parameters and water abundances.

Since the application of such means as Zohdy inversion and Windows mapping processing, the high density electrical resistivity method has been greatly improved in superiority and accuracy. This paper has recountedsome examples of applying this method to engineeing exploration in Guangdong Province and on such a basis, discussed characteristics of the high-density electrical resistivity method and prospectS of itS application and research.

Based on an analysis of the formation mechanism of induced current in underground pipelines, theauthor holds that, where underground media show very poor conductance, underground pipelines are dominated bymagnetic dipole lines, and where underground media have certain conductance, pipelines are equivalent to electricwires.

The detection of hidden dangers in Jinjiang reservoir dam with ground penetrating radar shows that themajor hidden dangers of the dam are the karst caves in the dam basement rocks and the soil caves which were formedin the residual sola and talus sofa by percolating channels such is faults and fissures. Another hidden danger is theweakening of the impervious ability of the dam resulting from the closeness of the height of line seepage of the reservoir water level to the contact plane between the residual solum, talus solum and basement rocks. Meanwhile, as thedepth of grouting and the diffusion radius of the cement in grouting project can be shown by Ground PenetratingRadar images, this technique can become a new non-destructive test technology in dyke and dam grouting projects ofthe water conservancy department.

This paper has dealt with the seismic reflection tomography, which is based on Fermat’s principleand, using the pre-stack data, inverts the underground structure layer by layer. In this method, various stratigraphic interfaces are regarded locally as planes. With the use of estimated parameters such as interface and velocity, the imaging of the whole section can be achieved merely by making repeated localized inversion. With this method, two seismic profiles in the Sanbanxi hydropower station were processed, and the results are quite consistent with theborehole data.