During the 8th Five-Year Plan, some new advances in geophysical prospecting, geochemical prospecting and remote sensing exploration were made by various units affiliated to the Ministry of Geology and Mi-neral Resources. Based on relevant data provided by geoexploration bureaus and academies of geoexploration of various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, this paper buiefly describes the main achievenments gained in the aspects of basic geology, mineral exploration and hydrogeological, engineering as well as environmental geology. For the purpose of reference, the paper gives in the aspect of mineral resources a specific comparative account of the ore-prospecting achievements made in 15 years from the 6th Five-Year Plan when regional geochemical prospecting and regional geophysical prospecting began.

Deep reflection seismic method is characterized by high resolution ratio, accuracy and reliability, and is hence an effective technique for geoscience research. The present paper has dealt systematically with a practical and effective deep reflection seismic technique—small-scale wide line reflection seismic technique. The utilization of this technique in east Qinling deep reflection seismic investigation yielded excellent results.

This paper has dealt theoretically with the static and dynamic correction techniques for instantaneous datum plane of records on common central point gather of channels, and demonstrated through tentative calculation with the theoretical model that this technique could eliminate the influence of local relief on the records of common central point gather of channels and raise the quality, speed and interpretation precision of the time profile, so as to ensure the success of exploration work in mountain areas with the multiple coverage technique of seismic reflection wave method.

The quantitative interpretation of thin bed thickness is one of the urgent problems to be solved in energy resource exploration. This paper briefly described the basic concept and theory of thin bed as well as the present situation of thin bed thickness study both in China and abroad, with emphasis placed on channel integral method. On such a basis, deep studies were made with the help of forward model and practical data.

Based on an analysis of dynamic conditions for migration and precipitation of gold grains in water system and their diffusion in soil,this paper has advanced a discriminant formula for surfacce ore potential of gold anomalies from 1:50000 stream sediment survey, recounted methods for estimating the highest gold grade ores within the anomalies,calculated the discriminant indices for Qinba area,and summed up index characteristics of ore-induced gold anomalies in 1:10000 soil survey,estimation formulae for orebody location as well as coefficients and constants of slope angles of various orders and grades.These formulae and methods are of considerable practical significance.

In Wutai Mountain heavy pollution area formed by ancient and modern local mining, hydrochemical survey can not only delineate ore-prospecting target areas rapidly and effectively, but get rid of man-made pollution as well. Compared with routine point and line type survey, the "planar" rock survey technique of multiple subsamples combination considerably reduces the number of samples required for analysis, and greatly cuts down the cost. What is more important is that this technique can trace sources of regional geochemical anomalies, evaluate prospects of regional geochemical anomalies, and delineate sectors for detailed investigation of ore resources. Tests show that in Wutai Mountain area there exists genetic connection between the Yanshanian intermediate-acid complex and mineralizations that spatially exhibit zonal distribution of multielement anomalies of Mo, Cu, Au-Cu, Pb, Zn-Au and Ag centering around the complex body. Such a distribution pattern correspondingly indicates porphyry mineralization—contact metasomatic mineralization—postmagmatic hydrothermal mineralization and their zonal distribution.

Exemplified by the work in Bose basin, the present paper has emphatically described the important role played by gravity data in the early stage evaluation of the basin, and summed up a series of methods for intergrated studies by combining gravity data with remote-sensing and other data in the early stage evaluation system of the basin. It is pointed out that the gravity processing system is an inseparable part of the early stage evaluation system of the basin, and that the image processing system, the gravity and magnetic processing system for petroleum and the geographical information system (GIS) are powerful tools for integrated analysis of multivariate information.

This paper has made a theoretical analysis of active receiving antenna formed by combining negative impedance converting circuit with small cone helical antenna, and pointed out the stable working conditions for such an active antenna. Practice shows that the active receiving antenna designed by this technique has the advantages of relatively broad frequency band, pretty high sensitivity and rather small size, and is thus a fairly ideal receiving antenna in multifrequency electromagnetic wave logging.

With large quantities of measured data as the basis, the authors have summed up the electromagnetic frequency scattering regularity of rocks and ores. Combined with the practical problems in electromagnetic wave exploration technique, they discuss the effect of frequency scattering on phase constant α and adsorption coefficient β as well as the error thus produced, point out the necessity of making frequency scattering correction in practical work, and give the correction formula.

The Poyang Lake giant railway bridge is located where the Poyang Lake enters the Yangtze River. As the area has complex geological conditions and well-developed faults, the selection and comparison of schemes for bridge sites through geological exploration seem especially important. By effective utilization of integrated geophysical prospecting and employment of various methods, the authors found out lithologic divisions and tectonic framework, thus obtaining fine geological effects. The results fully demonstrate the advantages of integrated exploration and integrated geophysical procpecting.

The underwater magnetotelluric method is a technique performed on the water surface with the utilization of distant reference. Combined with the authors' practical experience, the present paper has described the working method of underwater magnetotelluric sounding technique (MT method) used in such waters as lakes and swamps as well as the measures taken for obtaining high-quality sounding data, and summed up some experience and understanding acquired in the work. All this provides basis for carrying out MT work in large area of waters.