硫、铅同位素对地表土壤微细粒金属全量测量异常的示踪——以水银洞卡林型隐伏金矿体为例

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.1215

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Abstract

Exploring concealed deposits in covered areas is an important way to solve the current resource dilemma. Extensive experimental studies using the deep-penetration geochemical methods developed at home and abroad have been conducted targeting some known concealed deposits, yielding satisfactory results. However, these methods have yet to be widely employed for prospecting in unknown covered areas due to the failure in determining whether surface metal element anomalies are directly from deep ore bodies. Accordingly, it is urgent to develop a tracing technique for surface anomalies. The Shuiyindong gold deposit in Guizhou Province is a super-large fully-concealed Carlin-type gold deposit in China, and its ore-forming fluids are rich in elements such as S, Au, As, Sb, and Hg. This study sampled surface fine-grained soils in the Shuiyindong gold deposit for the concentration analysis of five trace elements (Au, As, Cu, Sb, and Hg), verifying the prospecting effect of the total metal measurement technique of fine-grained soils in this deposit. Moreover, the source of surface soil anomalies was identified using sulfur (S) and lead (Pb) isotopes. This study found that: ① The total metal measurement technique of fine-grained soils showed encouraging indicative effects, with the high Au-As-Sb-Hg anomalies obtained roughly consistent with the distribution of concealed ore bodies and faults, and Hg exhibited the best indication effect on concealed ore bodies. ② The δ³⁴S values and the ratios of radiogenic w(²⁰⁷Pb)/w(²⁰⁴Pb) and w(²⁰⁶Pb)/w(²⁰⁴Pb) in the soil above concealed ore bodies and faults were significantly higher than those in the soil of the surrounding rock area, effectively indicating that the anomalies in the surface fine-grained soils were from deep concealed ore bodies. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring concealed Carlin-type gold deposits in the same type of covered areas using the total metal measurement technique of fine-grained soils.

Key words： sulfur and lead isotopes total metal measurement of fine-grained soils anomaly source tracing Shuiyindong gold deposit

Received: 24 April 2022 Published: 11 October 2023

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	Yu-Ting YUAN
	Xue-Min LIU
	Xue-Qiu WANG
	Qin-Ping TAN

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Yu-Ting YUAN,Xue-Min LIU,Xue-Qiu WANG, et al. Sulfur-lead isotopes based tracing of the metal element anomalies identified in the total metal measurement of surface fine-grained soils: A case study of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type concealed gold deposit[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(4): 1083-1097.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.1215 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2023/V47/I4/1083

20])
1—Yongningzhen formation;2—Changxing-Dalong formation;3—Yelang formation;4—Longtan formation;5—reverse fault and its No.;6—normal fault and its No.;7—unclassified faulti and its No.;8—anticlinal axis;9—deposit;10—A-B profile line
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Geological sketch of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit(modified from reference[20])
1—Yongningzhen formation;2—Changxing-Dalong formation;3—Yelang formation;4—Longtan formation;5—reverse fault and its No.;6—normal fault and its No.;7—unclassified faulti and its No.;8—anticlinal axis;9—deposit;10—A-B profile line

Fig.1)
1—the third unit of the Yelang formation;2—the second unit of the Yelang formation;3—the first unit of the Yelang formation;4—Dalong formation;5—Changxing formation;6—the third unit of the Longtan formation;7—the second unit of the Longtan formation;8—the first unit of the Longtan formation;9—unconformity(SBT);10—Maokou formation;11—drill hole;12—fault;13—orebody
">

Geological cross-section A-B through the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit (the position of A-B is shown in Fig.1)
1—the third unit of the Yelang formation;2—the second unit of the Yelang formation;3—the first unit of the Yelang formation;4—Dalong formation;5—Changxing formation;6—the third unit of the Longtan formation;7—the second unit of the Longtan formation;8—the first unit of the Longtan formation;9—unconformity(SBT);10—Maokou formation;11—drill hole;12—fault;13—orebody

Distribution map of sampling sites in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type deposit
(Ovi interactive map projection)

Analytical methods, instruments and standards of elements

Statistical parameters of five trace elements in fine-grained soils in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type deposit

Correlation analysis of five trace elements in fine-grained soils in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type deposit

Change trends of five trace elements in fine-grained soils along the exploration line in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong gold deposit

Statistical parameters of S and Pb isotopic compositions of fine-grained soils in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit

Change trends of S and Pb isotopic compositions of fine-grained soils in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit

Sulfur isotopic data of ore and wall rock samples in the Shuiyindong Carlin-type deposit

Sulfur isotopic composition of soils, ores and surrounding rocks in the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit

Correlation analysis of four trace elements in fine-grained soils with sulfur and lead isotopes in the Nayang section of the Shuiyindong Carlin-type deposit

Lead isotopic composition of pyrite in the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit

w(²⁰⁷Pb)/w(²⁰⁴Pb)-w(²⁰⁶Pb)/w(²⁰⁴Pb)(a)、w(²⁰⁸Pb)/w(²⁰⁴Pb)-w(²⁰⁷Pb)/w(²⁰⁶Pb)(b) diagram of the surface soil and ore pyrite in the Nayang section of Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit

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