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Spatial heterogeneity and influencing factors of the ecological stoichiometry of soil nitrogen and phosphorus in the Jiansanjiang area |
FANG Na-Na1,2,3( ), YANG Ze1,2,3, LIU Guo-Dong1,2,3, DAI Hui-Min1,2,3, LIU Kai1,2,3( ) |
1. Shenyang Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, China 2. Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenyang 110034, China 3. Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110034, China |
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Abstract The total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and nitrogen/phosphorus ratio (N/P) of soil are important indicators of soil fertility and quality. The study of their spatial heterogeneity is of great significance for the formulation of policies concerning soil nutrient management and ecological environment monitoring. Using methods such as geostatistical analysis and geographic information system (GIS), this study analyzed the spatial variation and influencing factors for the ecological stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus in the surface soil (depth: 0~20 cm) of the Jiansanjiang area through soil sampling and laboratory tests. The results are as follows. The soil in the study area has average TN, TP, and N/P of 2.49×10-3, 0.81×10-3, and 3.20, respectively. The TN and N/P of the soil have high spatial autocorrelations, while the TP of the soil has a moderate spatial autocorrelation, all in line with the index model. Regarding the spatial distribution, zones with high TN content are mainly scattered in the form of patches in the east, south, and northwest of the Jiansanjiang area, while zones with low TN content are mainly scattered in the northwestern, central, and western portions of the area. Zones with high TP content are mainly distributed in the east and northwest, while zones with low TP content are in the central portion. Moreover, the N/P ratio is distributed in a mosaic-like pattern. Specifically, zones with high N/P ratios are distributed in the form of patches in the central, southern, and northeastern portions, while zones with low high N/P ratios are mainly distributed in the northwest. The types of the soil, the Quaternary, and land uses of the study area are important structural and random factors affecting the ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil nitrogen and phosphorus, while the types of the soil parent materials and landforms have little effect on these characteristics.
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Received: 26 January 2022
Published: 03 January 2023
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Corresponding Authors:
LIU Kai
E-mail: fangnana0373@163.com;liukai@mail.cgs.gov.cn
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Distribution map of soil types (a), land use (b) and sampling (c) in Jiansanjiang area
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指标 | 分析方法 | 检出限 | 单位 | 土壤全氮 | 凯氏定氮法 | 19 | 10-6 | 土壤全磷 | X射线荧光光谱法(XRF) | 6 | 10-6 |
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The analysis method and detection limit of target elements
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分析项目 | 土壤全氮 (TN) | 土壤全磷 (TP) | 土壤氮磷比 (N/P) | 最大值/10-3 | 7.26 | 1.64 | 13.25 | 最小值/10-3 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.42 | 平均值/10-3 | 2.49 | 0.81 | 3.20 | 中位数/10-3 | 2.39 | 0.80 | 2.93 | 标准偏差/10-3 | 0.69 | 0.19 | 1.05 | 方差 | 0.48 | 0.03 | 1.11 | 变异系数Cv | 0.28 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 偏度 | 1.26 | 0.40 | 1.56 | 峰度 | 3.92 | 1.10 | 4.77 | K-S检验 | p<0.05 | p<0.05 | p<0.05 | 分布类型 | 偏正态分布 | 偏正态分布 | 偏正态分布 |
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Descriptive statistics of ecological stoichiometry of soil nitrogen and phosphorus
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Semi-variogram models for soil total nitrogen (a), soil total phosphorus (b) and N/P ratio (c) in isotropy
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指标 | 拟合模型 | 块金值 C0 | 基台值 C0+C | 变程 A0/km | 块金系数 C0/(C0+C) | 决定系数 r2 | 残差平方和 RSS | TN | Exponential | 0.04800 | 0.44800 | 3.6 | 10.70% | 0.535 | 1.03×10-2 | TP | Exponential | 0.01806 | 0.03652 | 14.9 | 49.50% | 0.974 | 6.424×10-6 | N/P | Exponential | 0.10900 | 1.06800 | 3.5 | 10.20% | 0.742 | 2.46×10-2 |
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Parameters of the semi-variogram models for soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and N/P ratio
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Semi-variogram models for soil total nitrogen (a), total phosphorus (b) and N/P ration (c) in anisotropy
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Spatial distribution of soil total nitrogen (a), soil total phosphorus (b) and N/P ratio(c)
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土壤类型 | 样点数 | 土壤全氮(TN)/10-3 | 土壤全磷(TP)/10-3 | 氮磷比(N/P) | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 暗棕壤 | 97 | 1.20 | 5.70 | 2.77±1.01 | 0.43 | 1.59 | 0.90±0.21 | 1.79 | 7.39 | 3.04±0.86 | 白浆土 | 1534 | 0.59 | 5.43 | 2.41±0.53 | 0.25 | 1.53 | 0.82±0.16 | 0.77 | 7.27 | 3.01±0.80 | 草甸土 | 442 | 1.00 | 5.00 | 2.44±0.73 | 0 | 2.00 | 0.86±0.21 | 1.16 | 7.44 | 2.94±0.93 | 沼泽土 | 844 | 1.06 | 5.85 | 2.69±0.78 | 0.17 | 1.59 | 0.75±0.20 | 1.72 | 7.60 | 3.77±1.23 |
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Changes of soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and N/P ratio in different soil types in Jiansanjiang area
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Changes of soil total nitrogen (a), soil total phosphorus (b) and N/P ratio (c) in different soil types
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母质类型 | 样点数 | 土壤全氮(TN)/10-3 | 土壤全磷(TP)/10-3 | 氮磷比(N/P) | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 冲湖积 | 2413 | 0.59 | 5.73 | 2.48±0.61 | 0.22 | 1.53 | 0.80±0.17 | 0.77 | 7.84 | 3.22±1.01 | 冲积 | 323 | 0.82 | 5.85 | 2.65±1.00 | 0.17 | 1.59 | 0.85±0.22 | 1.16 | 7.39 | 3.25±1.30 | 湖沼积 | 175 | 1.07 | 5.70 | 2.66±0.79 | 0.34 | 1.59 | 0.86±0.25 | 1.79 | 6.85 | 3.21±0.94 |
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Changes of soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and N/P ratio of different parent materials in Jiansanjiang area
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Changes of soil total nitrogen (a), soil total phosphorus(b) and N/P ratio (c) of different parent materials in Jiansanjiang area
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第四系类型 | 样点数 | 土壤全氮(TN)/10-3 | 土壤全磷(TP)/10-3 | 氮磷比(N/P) | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 全新世冲湖积 | 384 | 0.81 | 5.70 | 2.67±0.80 | 0.22 | 1.39 | 0.69±0.17 | 1.55 | 7.60 | 4.00±1.23 | 全新世湖沼积 | 175 | 1.07 | 5.70 | 2.66±0.79 | 0.34 | 1.59 | 0.86±0.25 | 1.79 | 6.85 | 3.21±0.94 | 全新世冲积 | 307 | 0.82 | 5.85 | 2.66±1.02 | 0.17 | 1.59 | 0.85±0.22 | 1.16 | 7.39 | 3.29±1.32 | 晚更新世冲湖积 | 2029 | 0.59 | 5.73 | 2.44±0.56 | 0.30 | 1.53 | 0.82±0.17 | 0.77 | 7.84 | 3.08±0.89 | 晚更新世冲积 | 16 | 1.33 | 3.52 | 2.37±0.59 | 0.59 | 1.42 | 0.93±0.23 | 1.89 | 3.37 | 2.60±0.44 |
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Changes of soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and N/P ratio in different Quaternary types in Jiansanjiang area
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Changes of soil total nitrogen (a), soil total phosphorus (b) and N/P ratio (c) in different Quaternary types in Jiansanjiang area A—Holocene alluvial lacustrine deposits;B—Holocene lacustrine deposits;C—Holocene alluvium;D—late Pleistocene alluvial lake deposits;E—late Pleistocene alluvium
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成因类型 | 样点数 | 土壤全氮(TN)/10-3 | 土壤全磷(TP)/10-3 | 氮磷比(N/P) | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 冲洪积浅丘状 砂砾石台地 | 267 | 0.82 | 4.92 | 2.39±0.53 | 0.42 | 1.37 | 0.87±0.18 | 1.48 | 5.79 | 2.78±0.63 | 冲洪积沙土漫滩阶地 | 322 | 0.44 | 5.73 | 2.60±1.02 | 0.33 | 1.59 | 0.89±0.23 | 0.77 | 7.39 | 2.97±1.33 | 冲积—湖积低平原 | 2259 | 0.59 | 5.85 | 2.48±0.62 | 0.17 | 1.53 | 0.78±0.17 | 0.77 | 7.84 | 3.30±1.04 | 冲积微起伏低平原 | 14 | 1.76 | 4.42 | 2.47±0.82 | 0.63 | 1.07 | 0.84±0.14 | 2.20 | 4.30 | 2.92±0.63 | 构造剥蚀丘陵 | 102 | 1.20 | 5.70 | 2.72±0.94 | 0.43 | 1.59 | 0.92±0.24 | 1.96 | 4.50 | 2.91±0.61 |
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Changes of soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and N/P ratio in different geomorphic types in Jiansanjiang area
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Changes of soil total nitrogen(a), soil total phosphorus(b) and N/P ratio(c) in different geomorphic types in Jiansanjiang area A—alluvial-diluvial shallow mound sandy gravel platform;B—alluvial-diluvial sandy floodplain terrace;C—alluvial-lacustrine low plain;D—alluvial undulate low plain; E—tectonically denuded hills
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利用类型 | 样点数 | 土壤全氮(TN)/10-3 | 土壤全磷(TP)/10-3 | 氮磷比(N/P) | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 均值± 标准差 | 草地 | 87 | 0.81 | 5.39 | 2.41±1.05 | 0.35 | 1.48 | 0.77±0.24 | 1.40 | 6.62 | 3.16±1.00 | 建设用地 | 26 | 1.38 | 3.38 | 2.23±0.47 | 0.62 | 1.26 | 0.90±0.17 | 1.86 | 3.25 | 2.50±0.42 | 旱田 | 191 | 0.44 | 5.85 | 2.67±0.92 | 0.33 | 1.53 | 0.87±0.22 | 0.77 | 7.51 | 3.24±1.36 | 林地 | 223 | 0.82 | 5.70 | 2.57±0.86 | 0.43 | 1.59 | 0.87±0.22 | 1.48 | 5.72 | 2.94±0.65 | 水田 | 2310 | 0.59 | 5.70 | 2.50±0.60 | 0.17 | 1.59 | 0.80±0.17 | 0.77 | 7.84 | 3.28±1.02 | 水域 | 37 | 0.90 | 5.73 | 2.04±1.00 | 0.43 | 1.50 | 0.88±0.23 | 1.26 | 4.18 | 2.15±0.65 | 沼泽地 | 97 | 0.14 | 4.83 | 2.14±0.89 | 0.34 | 1.41 | 0.86±0.21 | 0.42 | 6.91 | 2.53±1.05 |
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Changes of soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus and N/P ratio in different land use in Jiansanjiang area
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Changes of soil total nitrogen (a), soil total phosphorus (b) and N/P ratio (c) in different land use in Jiansanjiang area
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