Based on 1:1,000,000 generalized aeromagnetic survey in central and western Qinghai-Tibet plateau, this paper has made interpretation and investigation on such geological and geophysical problems related to the plateau area as the Yarlung Zangbo River suture zone, the southern boundary of Tarim basin, several large-scale faults within the plateau and regional negative magnetic anomaly zones and, as a result, obtained some new understanding different from previous opinions, which is of great importance in the further deepgoing study of Qinghai-Tibet plateau. It is also demonstrated that the application of the newest aeromagnetic map of central and western Qinghai-Tibet plateau based on generalized aeromagnetic survey to the study of geological problems is very effective.