Due to numerous thin interbeds in weakly elastic media,seismic excitation typically yields rapidly attenuated seismic wave energy and a narrow dominant frequency band,resulting in low-resolution seismic data.Therefore,selecting a favorable lithology plays a crucial role in improving the seismic excitation effect.This study explored the dominant factors influencing the quality of seismic data obtained from the northern Jiangsu exploration area,a region with a dense river system.Specifically,this study determined the top boundary of the high-velocity layer based on microlog surveys and the dominant lithologic member using the cone penetration test and lithologic coring.It quantitatively analyzed seismic wavelet attributes,including octave band,resolution,main-to-side lobe energy ratio,and wavelet clarity,establishing their matching relationship with the lithology for seismic excitation.By selecting a lithologic surface featuring a high seismic wave propagation velocity,a favorable elastic property,and a wide frequency band in the study area,it plotted a surface lithology map for pointwise well depth design,ensuring wide-frequency excitation.The above techniques were applied to well depth design for seismic excitation in the YA and SDX areas,achieving well-normalized single-shot frequencies and widening the dominant frequency band of the target layer in the seismic profile by over 10 Hz,with an increase of 1.5 octave bands.The results show that the excitation strategy of "selecting the dominant lithology from weakly elastic media" in regions with dense river systems can effectively enhance the seismic excitation effect in weakly elastic media,thereby improving the imaging accuracy and resolution of seismic data.