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Geochemical characteristics and ecological health-related ranges of Copper in soil in Huaying Mountain-Xicao in Linshui County, Sichuan Province |
ZHAO Xiao-Yuan1( ), YANG Zhong-Fang1( ), CHENG Hui-Yi1, MA Xu-Dong1, WANG Jue1, LI Zhi-Kun1, WANG Chen1, LI Ming-Hui2, LEI Feng-Hua2 |
1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China 2. Chengdu Center,China Geological Survey,Chengdu 610081,China |
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Abstract Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element for the human body. However, there is no recommended value for Cu content in crops in China, and there is no standardon Cu content in soil for developing Cu-rich land resources. This paper takes the Huaying Mountain-Xicao cultivated land areas in Linshui County, Sichuan Province as the study area. Based on the survey results of the Cu contents in surface soil, crops, and root soil obtained from the 1∶50 000 land quality geochemical survey, this study investigated the contents and distribution of Cu in soil and crops and analyzed the influencing factors of the biological enrichment coefficient (BAF) of Cu in corn seeds. Moreover, it established a BAF prediction model of Cu in corn seeds and proposed the optimal ranges of Cu contents for developing Cu-rich corn and land resources. The study results are as follows. The Cu content in the surface soil of the study area ranges from 3.33×10-6 to 173×10-6, with an average and a median of 26.85×10-6 and 25.60×10-6, respectively. The soil with high Cu content is mainly distributed in the areas in Huaying Mountain in Linshui County where basalts, carbonate rocks, and carbonaceous shales are soil-forming rocks. In contrast, the soil with low Cu content is distributed in areas in Xicao where Jurassic sandshaleserves as soil-forming rocks. The Cu content in corn seeds in the study area ranges from 0.80×10-6 to 2.71×10-6, with an average and a median of 1.76×10-6 and 1.82×10-6 respectively. To ensure the safety of human beings in terms of Cu intake, the optimal Cu contents in corn seeds and soil in the study area should be 0.756×10-6~10.080×10-6 and 12.67×10-6~169.00×10-6, respectively.
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Received: 27 May 2021
Published: 25 February 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
YANG Zhong-Fang
E-mail: zhaoxiaoyuan@cugb.edu.cn;zfyang01@126.com
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Location of the study area
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Geological map of Linshui County
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Sample distribution map of the study area
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样品类型 | 元素 | 处理方法 | 分析方法 | 项目要求检出限/10-6 | 检出限/10-6 | 表层土 | Cu | HNO3-HF-HClO4溶样 | ICP-MS | 1 | 1 | 农作物 | Cu | 微波消解法 | ICP-MS | 1 | 0.005 | 根系土 | Al2O3 | 粉末压片法 | XRF | 0.05* | 0.05* | SiO2 | 粉末压片法 | XRF | 0.1* | 0.05* | TFe2O3 | 粉末压片法 | XRF | 0.05* | 0.05* | Corg | 重铬酸钾氧化 | VOL | 0.1* | 0.05* | Cu | HCl - HNO3-HF-HClO4溶样 | ICP-AES | 1 | 0.8 |
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Analysis methods and detect limits for samples
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含量范围 | 准确度(ΔlgC) | 精密度(RSD)/% | 检出限3倍以内 | ≤±0.10 | ≤17 | 检出限3倍以上 | ≤±0.05 | ≤10 | 1%~5% | ≤±0.04 | ≤8 | >5% | ≤±0.02 | ≤3 |
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Requirements for accuracy and precision of soil sample analysis methods
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样品数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 中位值 | 平均值 | 全国值[21] | 四川值[22] | 3306 | 173 | 3.33 | 25.6 | 26.85 | 22.6 | 29.7 |
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Cu content of topsoil sampling in the study area10-6
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Geochemical map of Cu content of topsoil in the study area
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指标 | 砂页岩n=3039 | | 石灰岩n=200 | | 炭质页岩n=43 | | 玄武岩n=24 | 中位值 | 平均值 | 中位值 | 平均值 | 中位值 | 平均值 | 中位值 | 平均值 | w(Cu)/10-6 | 25.3 | 24.53 | | 38.95 | 47.49 | | 63.7 | 68.03 | | 79.3 | 74.44 | pH | 5.25 | | | 6.64 | | | 5.17 | | | 5.73 | |
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Content of Cu and pH of different parent material
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用地类型 | pH≤5.5 | 5.5<pH≤6.5 | 6.5<pH≤7.5 | pH>7.5 | 果园 | 150 | 150 | 200 | 200 | 其他 | 50 | 50 | 100 | 100 |
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Risk screening values of Cu pollution in soil10-6
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Scatter plot of Cu content in corn seeds and soil
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土壤理化性质 | Corg | SiO2/Al2O3 | TFe2O3 | 生物富集系数(BAF) | -0.472** | 0.437* | -0.801** |
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Correlation analysis of BAF with soil elements
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Scatter plot of BAF predicted value and measured value
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食品种类 | 城市 | 农村 | 合计 | 粮谷薯类 | 246.67 | 259.72 | 254.5 | 蔬菜类 | 295.96 | 245.53 | 265.67 | 水果类 | 28.09 | 8.94 | 16.58 | 畜禽肉类 | 139.84 | 134.08 | 136.38 | 鱼虾水产类 | 9.68 | 5.74 | 7.31 | 蛋类 | 26.95 | 10.52 | 17.08 | 奶及其制品类 | 59.64 | 9.97 | 29.80 | 大豆及其制品类 | 14.64 | 5.40 | 9.08 | 食用油 | 43.65 | 51.59 | 48.42 | 食盐 | 8.17 | 7.56 | 7.80 |
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The average intake of all kinds of food in Sichuan Province g/d
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Scatter plot of BAF and SiO2/Al2O3content
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Scatter plot of BAF and Corg content
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Scatter plot of BAF and TFe2O3 content
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