Based on a comprehensive study of regional geological and seismic characteristics as well as the spatial variability of rock-mass, the authors applied such means as the excavation techniques and the support models (spatial layout, types, parameters, etc), Acoustic Emission (AE), Borehole-Television (BT), ultrasonic wave characteristics indicating rock-mass micro-fractures and damages to seek the mechanism of localized deformation and destabilization under the conditions of softened and shattered wall rocks. The practical prediction in the Yangchangwan coal mine shows that the accuracy of the prediction can meet the requirements of the construction standards. The rationality and feasibility of the related theory and the technical method are verified, and the wall rock stability and safe mining can be achieved. This study has provided scientific basis for engineering disaster prevention and alleviation.