Water geochemical survey, one of the geochemical exploration methods, has a great advantage in search for hidden ores and in evaluation of ecological environment for human residence. Based on a review of the history and present situation of water geochemical survey in the world, it is held that in this field we should pay special attention to such aspects as basic theory, mineral exploration, environmental survey and monitoring, earthquake prevention and hazard mitigation as well as combination of varied methods so as to improve the technique of water geochemical survey and bring its role into full play.