Based on the test of methods and technologies for multi-target geochemical survey in shallow overburden area of Hefei City, this paper has put forward the method relatively suitable for multi-target geochemical survey in this area and described preliminarily the environmental conditions of the area, thus providing scientific grounds and basic data for the prevention and cure of local fluorine-excess and iodine-deficiency diseases and the tackling of agricultural and environmental problems. This test can serve as the basis for further multi-target geochemical survey.