The development of oil and gas geochemical exploration in the past forty odd years has been full of frustrations. We have persisted in introducing techniques from abroad, test and reformation, opening up new roads and bringing forth new ideas, and, as a result, gradually established and formed oil and gas exploration techniques with Chinese characteristics. The Chinese characterization has been realized in such aspects as the sieving of geochemical methods and indices, the study of application conditions, the improvement of analytical technology, and the data processing, interpretation and evaluation. The further introduction of new techniques and methods from abroad, the utilization of the experience of other countries for reference, and the bringing forth new ideas in practice are absolutely necessary to sustainable development of oil and gas exploration.