The X-ray fluorescence technique is a new means for the exploration of gold resour-ces. Arsenic, antimony and chalcophile elements were selected as indicator elements to performX-ray fluorescence survey within carbonaceons-siliceons mudstone type gold deposits in centralsouth Hunan. As a result, we have attained the purposes of detecting and delineating gold mine-ralization zones, pointing out auriferous horizons and mineralization sectors, guiding explorationwork and sieving geochemical samples.This method enables ns to make on-the-spot direct determination and IB characterized byrapidness and low coat, thus manifesting good geological and economic benefits.