This paper describes basic principles of piezoelectricity of rocks. Qualitative and quantitative investigations were made in room on piezoelectricity of rocks from several typical quartz vein type deposits. Basic characteristics of piezoelectricity and piezoeffect of quartz-bearing rocks were verified through the test, and piezoelectric moduli of rocks from a few mining districts were calculated.Practice shows that the study on piezoelectricity of rocks are not only of great significance in prospecting for quartz vein type deposits and establishing new geophysical means, but also helpful in determining minerogenetic stages of quartz veins and evaluating qualitatively ore potentiality.