面向盐下构造的染色逆时偏移成像

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2024.1286

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Abstract

The reverse time migration (RTM) technique can accurately simulate the propagation of seismic waves in subsurface media and image subsurface structures.However,seismic waves can be reflected,refracted,or scattered in weakly illuminated areas,leading to locally reduced signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in RTM imaging results.The staining algorithm can achieve the tracking and imaging of known geobodies by generalizing the wave equation to the complex domain.It requires a conventional real velocity and an imaginary velocity field as inputs.A conventional staining algorithm requires known real subsurface structures,which is impractical in this study.Hence,this study put forward regional staining to promote the practical development of the staining algorithm.Focusing on subsalt imaging,this study proposed a staining algorithm-based RTM imaging method for subsalt structures.The salt dome model demonstrated that the method proposed in this study can significantly improve the imaging SNRs and resolution of self-selected target regions.

Key words： illumination improvement staining algorithm reverse time migration pre-salt imaging

Received: 20 July 2023 Published: 19 September 2024

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	Articles by authors
	Guo-Yong ZHAO
	Jian ZHANG
	Chang LIU
	Yi REN
	Bo-Shen XING
	Zi-Zheng LI
	Ying-Ming QU

Cite this article:

Guo-Yong ZHAO,Jian ZHANG,Chang LIU, et al. Staining algorithm-based reverse time migration imaging for pre-salt structures[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2024, 48(4): 1086-1093.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2024.1286 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2024/V48/I4/1086

RTM imaging principle

Salt velocity model

Snapshot of the wavefield of the salt
a—snapshot of the wavefield at the time 1 200 ms; b—snapshot of the wavefield at the time 1 400 ms

Salt shot record
a—shot record with direct wave; b—shot record without direct wave

Salt RTM imaging result

Staining algorithm RTM flowchart

Salt complex domain velocity model

Snapshot of the wavefield of complex domain
a—snapshot of the wavefield at the time 1 200 ms;b—snapshot of the wavefield at the time 1 400 ms

Salt complex domain shot record

Salt staining RTM imaging result

fig. 5 and fig. 10 local enlargement
a—figure 5 localized enlargment;b—figure 10 localized enlargment
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Comparison of fig. 5 and fig. 10 local enlargement
a—figure 5 localized enlargment;b—figure 10 localized enlargment

Salt model illumination

Salt model
a—enlarged salt complex domain velocity model;b—enlarged salt staining RTM imaging result

Random error analysis
a—migration velocity field with ±5% random error;b—difference between the velocity field after introducing random errors and the true velocity field;c—RTM based on random error migration velocity field; d—stained RTM based on random error migration velocity

Analysis of anomalies
a—new salt model containing thin layer;b—RTM of new salt model containing thin layer;c—complex domain velocity of precision staining;d—RTM based on precision staining

Constrained area staining imaging
a—complex domain velocity of area staining;b—RTM based on area staining;c—RTM based on constrained area staining;d—time-limited absorption boundary condition RTM

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