含油气盆地甲烷微渗漏及其油气勘探意义研究进展

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2022.1150

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Abstract

Great progress has been made in the formation mechanisms of surface characteristics of gas microseepagesince the start of the 21st century, which is significant for oil-gas exploration. The microseepage in petroliferous basins is dominated by methane, which migrates nearly vertically from source rocks or reservoirs toward ground surface. The chemical, physical, and biological variation characteristics produced on the ground surface approximately reflect the oil reservoirs underground. Therefore, the methane microseepage is an objective and important part of the petroleum seepage system and has replaced microseepage as the most effective window for the tracing of underground reservoirs on the ground surface at present. Methane microseepage can be directly monitored on ground surface and in water and atmosphere, and the component concentrations and isotopic composition of methane-bearing hydrocarbon gases serve as the first-hand important data for the assessment of underground oil and gas. The data indirectly monitored mainly source from microorganisms, vegetation, minerals, radioactivity, and magnetism on the ground surface. Similar to the geochemical exploration data directly obtained, these abnormal data canbe distinguished from the background values of the ground surface far away from the oil reservoirs, and the distribution areas of the anomalies will become important targets of favorable exploration areas. It will play an increasingly important role in the future integrated oil and gas explorationto gain in-depth understanding of methane microseepage mechanisms, avoid single monitoring method and one-sided understanding, transform ideas to adoptsurface integrated monitoring methods, and establish new mathematical analysis systems.

Key words： methane microseepage integrated exploration research progress

Received: 17 March 2021 Published: 25 February 2022

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	Yu ZOU
	Guo-Jian WANG
	Fan YANG
	Yuan CHEN

Cite this article:

Yu ZOU,Guo-Jian WANG,Fan YANG, et al. Research progress of methane microseepage in petroliferous basins and its significance for oil-gas exploration[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 46(1): 1-11.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2022.1150 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2022/V46/I1/1

Natural methane generation and release

Comparison between different aspects of micro-and macro-seepage in petroleum basins

Direct monitoring methods of methane microseepage

12]
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Surface physical, chemical and biological anomalies of methane microseepage^[12]

Indirect monitoring methods of methane microseepage

3,20,37]
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Geochemical analyses of natural gas^[3,20,37]

数理分析		计算模型及公式
单变量异常阈值计算	符合多重正态分布	l₁= $U i - 1 S i 2 - U i S i - 1 2 + S i S i - 1 (U i - U i - 1) 2 + (S i - 1 2 - S i 2) ln (N i S i - 1 / N i - 1 S i) S i 2 - S i - 1 2$ ,当S_i_-1≠S_i,U_i_-1<l₁<U_i; l₂=0.5(U_i+U_i_-1)+ $S i 2 U i - U i - 1$ ln $N i - 1 N i$ ,当S_i_-1=S_i; 式中U_i为均值,S_i为标准差,N_i为先验概率,l₁为计算结果
单变量异常阈值计算	不符合正态分布	多重分形模型:A(≥ρ)∝ρ^-^β; 式中A(≥ρ)代表等高线包围的区域(等高线值≥ρ),∝表示成正比,β为一个指数,对应于数据范围等高线集假定的值
小波分析 (对数归一化)		Y_i= $X i - X - MAX - MIN$ ;式中X_i为初始数据,Y_i为计算结果
多变量异常的综合参数	符合多重正态分布	密度分布函数F_i(X)=(2π)^-^m/²\|Σ_i\|^-1^/²exp[-0.5(X- $u - i$ ) $Σ i - 1$ (X- $u - i$ )]; 后验概率P_i= $N i F i (X) ∑ j = 0 g - i N j F j (X)$ ;多变量异常识别综合参数G_i= $P i - P i MAX P i + P i MAX$ ; 式中m为变量数, $u - i$ 为期望向量,Σ_i为协方差矩阵
多变量异常的综合参数	不符合正态分布	逻辑乘法γ_j_,_k=2 $\| S j ? S k \| \| S j \| + \| S k \|$ ,j≠k; 式中S_j为关联的每个单变量的总体; 人工神经网络可以基于逻辑乘法聚类分析结果作为初始已知样本

Mathematical analyses and calculation methods of backgrounds and anomalies^[38,39]

Flow chart of comprehensive exploration of methane microseepage for favorable oil-gas prospect areas

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