双约束变换时窗统计能量比地震波初至拾取方法

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2019.0065

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Abstract

The first arrival of seismic data is a key step of data preprocessing in seismic exploration.In the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs,surface microseismic monitoring technology is widely used.The focus of the work is to obtain the source location information generated by hydraulic fracturing,that is,the location of the microseismic source.For the microseismic source location, the initial picking of microseismic events is a key step,and the accuracy of the picking results directly affects the positioning accuracy of the microseismic events and the interpretation of the final results.However,in the actual seismic data,the signal-to-noise ratio of microseismic data is generally low,and it is difficult to obtain more accurate first arrival results.At present,the picking up of the first arrival wave of the microseismic is mainly divided into two methods:manual picking and computer automatic picking.The manual picking has the characteristics of high accuracy,but the workload is large,time-consuming and laborious.Aimed at picking accuracy of the first-arrival wave of seismic data and the anti-noise performance of the method,this paper makes improvement on the basis of the statistical energy ratio method of transforming time window,and sets the threshold value R while applying statistical law to obtain the superiority of high credibility.Combined with the value of picking range constraint Z and a variety of picking strategies,the first-arrival wave pick-up of the seismic record is finally achieved.The method was used to pick up the 3D seismic data of a work area in Songliao Basin and the hydraulic fracturing ground microseismic monitoring data of a horizontal well in Songliao Basin.The picking effect was obtained and the practicability of the method was verified.In summary,the method has achieved good pickup results in both the theoretical data of different signal-to-noise ratios and the application of actual data,and has strong anti-noise performance.

Key words： first arrival pickup microseismic signal to noise ratio hydraulic fracturing energy ratio

Received: 28 January 2019 Published: 25 October 2019

P631.4

Corresponding Authors: Wei-Hong WANG E-mail: wwhsy@sina.com

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	Wei SHI
	Chun-Hua LIN
	Wei-Hong WANG
	Yun-Lu GAO

Cite this article:

Wei SHI,Chun-Hua LIN,Wei-Hong WANG, et al. A first arrival pickup method of micro-seismic event based on statistic energy ratio using varied time window with double constraints[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2019, 43(5): 1064-1073.

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https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/10.11720/wtyht.2019.0065 OR https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/EN/Y2019/V43/I5/1064

Schematic diagram of the traditional STA/LTA method

Calculation range constraint diagram
a—working principle diagram;b—constraint range diagram

Manual synthesis of 26 seismic records and calculation results of different methods
a—simulated microseimic record;b—microseismic record with pick up results

Earthquake record with noise added and calculation results of different methods
a—seismic record and manual pick up result with signal to noise ratio is 3;b—STA/LTA method calculation result;c—conversion window statistical energy ratio calculation result;d—calculation result of conversion window energy ratio method based on statistical principle and double constraint

Relative error analysis graph of calculation results of different methods

Synthetic seismic records with actual background noise and pick-up results from different methods
a—synthetic seismic record with actual background noise added;b—STA/LTA method calculation result;c—conversion window statistical energy ratio calculation result;d—calculation result of conversion window energy ratio method based on statistical principle and double constraint

Actual seismic data
a—surface receiving data;b—micro seismic monitoring data

Pick-up results from different methods
a—conversion window statistical energy ratio calculation result;b—calculation result of conversion window energy ratio method based on statistical principle and double constraint

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