In order to investigate the geochemical characteristics of elements and evaluate the pollution condition of heavy metals, the authors collected 400 samples of near-surface atmospheric dust in Jinan City. The analyical result shows that the concentrations of As, F, Ni elements from atmospheric dust with average values of 9.5×10^-6, 512×10^-6, 26.0×10^-6 are lower than their background values of urban soil in Jinan respectively, while Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Se, Zn and CaO concentrations which are 0.33×10^-6, 101×10^-6, 191×10^-9, 38.0×10^-6, 0.79×10^-6, 119.0×10^-6 and 13.31% respectively are higher than their corresponding background values. Correlation analysis and principle component analysis(PCA) indicate that Cd, Pb, Zn and Se might be derived from coal combustion, Cr and Ni from soil, Cao and As from construction dust, and F from vehicle emissions; Hg is mainly controlled by anthropogenic sources comprising combustion, industrial steel and traffic activities. The values of geoaccumulation index of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, Hg in atmospheric dust vary in the range of -2.46~4.53, -1.81~2.75, -2.02~3.48, -2.38~3.48, -2.95~1.96, -3.45~2.58 and -3.04~6.87, respectively, and the pollution level of heavy metals is in order of Hg >Cd >Zn >Pb >Cr >As >Ni.