钻孔雷达在探测井下煤层顶底板界面中的应用

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.1392

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摘要

在煤矿生产中,准确判断煤层顶底板位置、识别对采掘安全存在威胁的地质构造是保障煤矿安全生产的重要举措。为此,提出一种针对煤层顶底板探测的方法技术,包括基于工作面的煤矿井下钻孔雷达探测方法和数据处理流程,并将其应用于实际工作。首先,对采集自新元煤矿某工作面钻孔内的实测钻孔雷达数据进行零时刻校正、直流消除、带通滤波、去直达波、增益等处理,实现了雷达剖面的去噪和增强;然后,通过速度拾取、反射面提取、绕射叠加偏移和时深转换、翻转拼接和钻孔轨迹校正等一系列处理解释,实现了对煤矿井下煤层顶底板位置的拾取和显示。该技术的提出为煤矿安全运营提供了一种有效手段,具有推广价值。

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	刘四新
	师伟
	宋梓豪
	陈春林
	代郑

关键词 ：钻孔雷达, 煤层, 反射面提取, 煤层顶底板位置

Abstract：

In coal mining, the accurate determination of the locations of the footwalls and roofs of coal seams and the identification of the geological structures that threaten the safety of excavation are important measures to ensure safe coal mining. This study proposed a technique for detecting the footwalls and roofs of coal seams, which consisted of a mining face-based borehole radar detection method for underground coal mines and a data processing process. Then, this study applied this technique to the Xinyuan coal mine. Specifically, radar profiles were denoised and enhanced through the correction of zero-moment point, DC elimination, band-pass filtering, direct wave removal, and gain processing of measured borehole radar data of boreholes along a mining face of the Xinyuan coal mine. Then, the locations of the roofs and footwalls of coal seams in the underground coal mines were identified and presented through a series of processing and interpretation, including velocity pickup, reflective surface extraction, and diffraction stack migration, as well as time-depth conversion, flipping, splicing, and the correction of borehole trajectories. The technique proposed in this study serves as an effective means for the safe operation of coal mines and thus is of value for promotion.

Key words： borehole radar coal seam reflective surface extraction locations of the top and bottom of coal seams

收稿日期: 2022-08-15 修回日期: 2022-10-10 出版日期: 2023-04-20

ZTFLH:

P631

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目“基于均匀圆阵(UCAA);“钻孔雷达探测中盲目标的致盲机理及探测方法研究”(41874136)

引用本文:

刘四新, 师伟, 宋梓豪, 陈春林, 代郑. 钻孔雷达在探测井下煤层顶底板界面中的应用[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(2): 365-371.
LIU Si-Xin, SHI Wei, SONG Zi-Hao, CHEN Chun-Lin, DAI Zheng. Identification of footwalls and roofs of coal seams in underground coal mines using borehole radar. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(2): 365-371.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.1392 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I2/365

Fig.1 煤层中单孔反射测量示意

Fig.2 速度估算模型示意

Fig.3 处理与解释方法及流程

Fig.4 实测数据处理结果

Fig.5 实测数据波速估算结果

Fig.6 实测数据的拾取、偏移、合并和钻孔轨迹校正

Fig.7 雷达与回采测得的顶底板位置对比

Table 1 雷达与回采测得的顶底板位置误差

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