油基钻井液环境下的复杂流体识别方法——以东海西湖凹陷为例

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2025.1196

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摘要

随着油基钻井液在西湖凹陷的广泛应用,储层的测、录井响应特征发生改变,复杂流体识别难度增大,基于水基钻井液的流体评价方法不再适用。为此,基于凝析气层和轻质油层的气测录井组分、地化轻烃特征参数及谱图形态差异性特征,提出了适用于油基钻井液的复杂流体识别方法。试验结果表明:①在数据处理和敏感参数优选的基础上,通过对10种气测衍生参数进行Pearson相关性分析,利用敏感参数H_c、H_b建立了识别图版,可以定性区分凝析气和轻质油;②利用与气油比相关性最高的参数H_c与泵抽取样、地层测试数据进行拟合,建立气油比定量计算模型,相关性系数大于0.98,可以在随钻过程中对气油比进行定量预测;③凝析气层和轻质油层的地化轻烃谱图形态特征具有明显差异,凝析气层表现为高nC₁~nC₄,nC₅以后正构烷烃缺失,异构烷烃、芳香烃含量检测范围较少,出峰不齐全、峰值较低;而轻质油层具有正构烷烃nC₁~nC₉组分齐全,异构烷烃、芳香烃峰值较高的特点;④基于凝析气层和轻质油层的轻烃比值参数差异,优选气指数I_g、油指数I_o建立识别图版,可以有效区分两种流体。通过气测录井和地化轻烃两种方法的相结合,可以有效解决西湖凹陷油基钻井液条件下的流体识别难题,具有较强的推广应用价值。

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	曹英权
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	袁胜斌
	景社

关键词 ：油基钻井液, 气测录井, 地化录井, 流体识别, 西湖凹陷

Abstract：

With the wide application of oil-based drilling fluids in the Xihu Sag, the log response characteristics of reservoirs have changed. This increases the difficulty in identifying complex fluids, rendering fluid assessment methods based on water-based drilling fluids unapplicable. Therefore, this study developed a complex fluid identification method suitable for oil-based drilling fluids based on differences in the gas logging composition, the geochemical characteristic parameters of light hydrocarbons, and spectral morphologies between condensate gas and light oil reservoirs. The results are as follows: (1) Based on the data processing and the selection of optimal sensitive parameters, Pearson correlation analysis was conducted on 10 gas logging-derived parameters. Then, chart boards were developed using sensitive parameters Hc and Hb, allowing for qualitative distinguishment between condensate gas and light oil; (2) Through the fitting of Hc, the parameter with the highest correlation with the gas/oil ratio, to the pump sampling and stratigraphic test data, this study established a quantitative calculation model for the gas/oil ratio, yielding a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.98. Therefore, the model can be used to quantitatively predict the gas/oil ratio while drilling; (3) Significant differences can be observed in the morphological characteristics of geochemical light hydrocarbon spectra between condensate gas and light oil reservoirs. Specifically, the condensate gas reservoirs exhibited high nC1 to nC4 contents, an absence of normal alkanes beyond nC5, and incomplete and low peaks of iso-alkane and aromatic hydrocarbons due to small detection ranges. In contrast, the light oil reservoirs displayed complete n-alkanes components from nC1 to nC9, along with higher peaks of iso-alkanes and aromatics hydrocarbons. (4) Based on the differences in light hydrocarbon ratios between condensate gas and light oil reservoirs, gas index Ig and oil index Io were selected to establish chart boards, which can effectively distinguish both fluids. The combination of gas logging and geochemical light hydrocarbon analysis can effectively overcome the challenge of fluid identification under the condition of oil-based drilling fluids in the Xihu Sag, deserving wide application.

Key words： oil-based drilling fluid gas logging geochemical logging fluid identification Xihu Sag

收稿日期: 2024-05-08 修回日期: 2024-09-19 出版日期: 2025-06-20

ZTFLH:

TE142

基金资助:中国海洋石油有限公司“十四五”重大科技项目“海上深层/超深层油气勘探技术”(KJGG2022-0405)

作者简介: 曹英权(1994-),男,朝鲜族,辽宁盘锦人,硕士研究生,研究方向为储层地质学、录井技术与解释评价。Email:455083448@qq.com

引用本文:

曹英权, 王雷, 鲁法伟, 张国栋, 于喜, 杨毅, 袁胜斌, 景社. 油基钻井液环境下的复杂流体识别方法——以东海西湖凹陷为例[J]. 物探与化探, 2025, 49(3): 599-608.
CAO Ying-Quan, WANG Lei, LU Fa-Wei, ZHANG Guo-Dong, YU Xi, YANG Yi, YUAN Sheng-Bin, JING She. Identification methods for complex fluids under oil-based drilling fluid conditions: A case study of the Xihu Sag in the East China Sea. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2025, 49(3): 599-608.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2025.1196 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2025/V49/I3/599

Fig.1 B-2井综合录井

Fig.2 A-1井轻质油样品与白油样品对比

Fig.3 白油的地化热解谱

Fig.4 白油的地化热蒸发烃气相色谱

Fig.5 Pearson相关系数计算结果

Fig.6 气测录井油气识别图版

Fig.7 气测录井气油比预测模型

Fig.8 不同气油比油气层的地化轻烃谱

Fig.9 地化轻烃油气识别图版

Fig.10 E2井平湖组综合录井(a)及地化轻烃图谱(b)

Fig.11 F1井平湖组综合录井(a)及地化轻烃图谱(b)

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