寒冷半干旱草原景观大比例尺微沟系测量样品粒级试验——以锲墨格山锂铍稀有矿为例

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2023.2700

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摘要

青海省天峻县锲墨格山地区属寒冷半干旱草原景观,地表发育宽300~500 m、断续延伸达7 km的伟晶岩带。目前勘查工作已发现了锲墨格山锂铍稀有矿,为了能够在后续同类景观区稀有稀土找矿中提供可靠的地球化学依据,本文在锲墨格山地区开展了大比例尺微沟系地球化学测量技术方法的样品粒级试验和有效性研究。本次通过1∶2.5万地球化学测量,选取-4~+20目、-4~+40目、-10~+40目和-10~+60目采样截取粒级,在伟晶岩脉发育地段进行试验研究,分析Cu、W、Sn、Be、Li、Nb、Rb、Zr、La、Y元素含量。结果显示,Be、Li、Nb、Rb、Zr稀有元素选取-4~+40目和-10~+40目采样截取粒级,La、Y等稀土元素选择-10~+40目采样截取粒级,Cu、W、Sn等有色金属元素选择-10~+60目采样截取粒级时,元素富集离散特征更明显,地球化学分布与地质矿产特征吻合度更高,证明该技术方法可以在同类景观区稀有稀土找矿工作中获得显著的地球化学找矿效果。

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关键词 ： 1∶2.5万地球化学, 微沟系, 锂铍稀有矿, 粒级, 寒冷半干旱草原景观, 锲墨格山

Abstract：

The Qiemoge Mountain area in Tianjun County, Qinghai Province has a cold, semi-arid grassland landscape. A pegmatite belt with a width of 300~500 m and an intermittent extended length of 7 km has developed on the surface of this area. The rare Li-Be ores have been discovered during the current exploration in this area. To provide a reliable geochemical basis for the prospecting of rare metals and rare earth elements (REE) in areas with similar landscapes, this study conducted the grain-scale experiment and validity investigation in this study area using the large-scale micro-channel system geochemical survey technique. Based on the 1∶25,000 geochemical survey, grain sizes of -4~+ 20 meshes, -4~+ 40 meshes, -10~+ 40 meshes, and -10~+ 60 meshes were adopted in sampling for the experimental study in the zones bearing pegmatite veins. The contents of Cu, W, Sn, Be, Li, Nb, Rb, Zr, La, and Y were analyzed. The results show that relevant elements exhibited significant enrichment and dispersion characteristics and the geochemical distribution of these elements agreed well with the geological and mineral characteristics when grain sizes of -4~+ 40 meshes and -10~+ 40 meshes were adopted for the sampling of Be, Li, Nb, Rb, and Zr, grain sizes of -10~+ 40 meshes were adopted for the sampling of rare earth elements such as La and Y, and grain sizes of -10~+ 60 meshes were adopted for the sampling of nonferrous metal elements such as Cu, W, and Sn. The results of this study prove that the large-scale micro-channel system survey technique can obtain significant results in the geochemical prospecting of rare metals and REEs in areas with similar landscapes.

Key words： 1∶25,000 geochemical survey micro-channel system Li-Be rare ore grain size cold semi-arid grassland landscape Qiemoge Mountain

收稿日期: 2021-12-26 修回日期: 2022-11-04 出版日期: 2023-06-20

ZTFLH:

P632

基金资助:第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0702);青海省地质矿产勘查开发局计划项目(2019048021jc013);青海省省级财政资金地质勘查项目(2020021051kc018)

作者简介: 保善东(1987-),男,高级工程师,研究方向为地球化学矿产勘查。Email:270533382@qq.com

引用本文:

保善东, 谢祥镭, 王亚栋, 徐云甫, 张新远, 曾彪. 寒冷半干旱草原景观大比例尺微沟系测量样品粒级试验——以锲墨格山锂铍稀有矿为例[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(3): 648-658.
BAO Shan-Dong, XIE Xiang-Lei, WANG Ya-Dong, XU Yun-Fu, ZHANG Xin-Yuan, ZENG Biao. Grain-scale experimental study of samples using the large-scale micro-channel system survey technique for the cold, semi-arid grassland landscape: A case study of the rare Li-Be ores in the Qiemoge Mountain. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(3): 648-658.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2023.2700 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2023/V47/I3/648

Fig.1 研究区大地构造位置
1—中祁连岩浆弧;2—南祁连岩浆弧;3—宗务隆山-夏河陆缘裂谷;4—全吉地块;5—滩间山岩浆弧;6—柴北缘蛇绿混杂岩带;7—柴达木盆地;8—祁漫塔格北坡-夏日哈岩浆弧;9—北昆仑岩浆弧;10—鄂拉山陆缘弧;11—泽库前陆盆地;12—边界断裂及研究区

Fig.2 锲墨格山地区地质
1—第四系地层;2—下-中三叠统隆务河组;3—石炭系-中二叠统果可山组; 4—石炭系-中二叠统土尔根大坂组;5—早二叠世石英闪长岩;6—花岗伟晶岩脉;7—锂/铍矿体; 8—逆断层及性质不明断层; 9—韧性剪切带; 10—地质界线; 11—采样点位及范围

Fig.3 研究区采样点位分布

样品粒级	参数	Be	Cu	La	Li	Nb	Rb	Sn	W	Y	Zr
-4~+20目	最小值/10^-6	1.25	11.40	19.20	11.00	6.50	43.70	1.36	0.32	12.30	89.30
	最大值/10^-6	50.70	165.00	46.30	161.00	20.10	295.00	10.29	9.27	40.00	239.00
	平均值/10^-6	2.59	22.54	34.23	49.66	11.84	100.99	2.51	1.13	20.92	139.58
	中位数/10^-6	2.38	22.00	34.00	36.20	10.85	101.00	2.38	0.91	20.95	131.00
	标准离差/10^-6	0.67	6.66	5.52	37.89	3.41	31.46	0.58	0.66	4.56	30.47
	浓集系数	1.33	1.11	1.06	1.63	1.03	1.00	0.98	0.68	1.04	0.85
	变异系数C_V1	1.565	0.723	0.161	0.763	0.288	0.414	0.523	0.969	0.247	0.229
	变异系数C_V0	0.26	0.295	0.161	0.763	0.288	0.312	0.233	0.592	0.218	0.218
-4~+40目	最小值/10^-6	1.45	10.60	22.10	8.40	6.50	40.70	1.44	0.33	13.70	89.10
	最大值/10^-6	55.80	78.60	55.40	198.00	18.80	343.00	10.47	182.00	35.80	223.00
	平均值/10^-6	2.69	23.76	32.45	45.47	12.13	106.30	2.61	1.12	20.65	143.75
	中位数/10^-6	2.48	24.20	31.70	39.20	11.45	113.00	2.45	0.95	20.20	136.00
	标准离差/10^-6	0.86	7.44	6.18	28.05	3.60	32.52	0.68	0.69	4.59	33.59
	浓集系数	1.38	1.17	1.00	1.49	1.05	1.06	1.02	0.67	1.03	0.87
	变异系数C_V1	1.653	0.416	0.233	0.763	0.297	0.409	0.513	2.037	0.234	0.234
	变异系数C_V0	0.322	0.313	0.191	0.617	0.297	0.306	0.261	0.619	0.223	0.234
-10~+40目	最小值/10^-6	1.51	11.90	23.20	15.90	6.80	47.70	1.39	0.33	12.20	79.50
	最大值/10^-6	58.00	73.30	88.00	168.00	20.00	243.00	12.48	11.40	50.60	237.00
	平均值/10^-6	2.60	22.42	34.85	39.04	12.39	104.63	2.49	1.50	23.18	141.90
	中位数/10^-6	2.55	21.85	34.90	36.30	11.80	106.00	2.48	1.51	22.25	136.00
	标准离差/10^-6	0.49	5.19	5.60	14.80	3.41	28.10	0.44	0.76	5.76	34.03
	浓集系数	1.33	1.11	1.08	1.28	1.08	1.04	0.97	0.9	1.15	0.86
	变异系数C_V1	1.751	0.377	0.229	0.629	0.275	0.332	0.478	0.849	0.298	0.24
	变异系数C_V0	0.188	0.232	0.161	0.379	0.275	0.269	0.175	0.508	0.248	0.24
-10~+60目	最小值/10^-6	1.03	6.37	14.40	11.30	6.70	43.40	1.04	0.36	9.50	53.90
	最大值/10^-6	54.30	81.60	47.40	175.00	24.40	382.00	13.49	22.70	39.70	256.00
	平均值/10^-6	2.30	23.57	32.60	38.11	12.30	97.60	2.45	1.20	20.63	129.29
	中位数/10^-6	2.17	23.00	31.70	32.65	11.05	95.80	2.19	0.96	19.10	120.50
	标准离差/10^-6	0.61	7.26	6.20	23.62	4.14	30.43	0.92	0.72	5.88	31.92
	浓集系数	1.18	1.16	1.01	1.25	1.07	0.97	0.96	0.72	1.02	0.79
	变异系数C_V1	1.788	0.399	0.190	0.790	0.337	0.454	0.701	1.587	0.298	0.278
	变异系数C_V0	0.265	0.308	0.19	0.62	0.337	0.312	0.378	0.598	0.285	0.247
青海省丰度^[17]/10^-6		1.95	20.24	32.41	30.45	11.52	100.53	2.56	1.67	20.13	164.54

Table 1 研究区各样品截取粒级元素参数特征

Fig.4 各粒级浓集系数曲线

Fig.5 研究区各粒级变异系数C_V1曲线(a)和C_V1/C_V0曲线(b)

Fig.6 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中Be地球化学分布

Fig.7 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中Li地球化学分布

Fig.8 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中Rb地球化学分布

Fig.9 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中Nb地球化学分布

Fig.10 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中Zr地球化学分布

Fig.11 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中La地球化学分布

Fig.12 -4~+20目(a)、-4~+40目(b)、-10~+40目(c)、-10~+60目(d)样品中Y地球化学分布

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