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物探与化探  2022, Vol. 46 Issue (6): 1545-1554    DOI: 10.11720/wtyht.2022.1552
  生态环境调查 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
皖北潮土与砂姜黑土锌含量分布及影响因素
李朋飞(), 管后春, 王翔, 陈岩滨, 王耀, 吴衡, 史春鸿
安徽省地质调查院,安徽 合肥 230001
The distribution and influencing factors of zinc in the fluvo-aquic soil and the lime concretion black soil in northern Anhui Province
LI Peng-Fei(), GUAN Hou-Chun, WANG Xiang, Chen Yan-Bin, WANG Yao, WU Heng, SHI Chun-Hong
Geological Survey of Anhui Province, Hefei 230001, China
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摘要 

1∶25万多目标地球化学调查发现皖北存在大面积富锌潮土,土壤锌含量分布规律、生物有效性及其影响因素研究对发展富锌农业具有重要意义。通过研究皖北潮土与砂姜黑土0~20 cm深度表层土壤和0~200 cm深度剖面土壤中Zn含量分布特征、赋存形态、生物有效性及其影响因素,结果表明:潮土中全Zn含量丰富,有效Zn以中等为主,砂姜黑土中全Zn总体较缺乏,有效Zn较丰富;潮土中全Zn与Mn、有机质、P呈显著正相关,潮土及砂姜黑土中有效Zn均与有效P呈正相关,与pH值呈负相关;潮土与砂姜黑土区内0~200 cm深度各层位土壤中Zn均以残渣态为主,潮土区耕层土壤中易被植物吸收的水溶态和离子交换态Zn含量之和占全锌的0.29%,铁锰氧化物结合态Zn占23.62%;全Zn在 0~85 cm深度土壤中明显富集,主要受土壤P和Mn制约;砂姜黑土区内耕层土壤中水溶态和离子交换态Zn含量之和占0.41%,0~200 cm深度土壤中全Zn含量变化较小。通过本次研究可知,研究区内潮土全Zn含量丰富,有效Zn以中等为主,有效Zn含量主要受土壤pH值制约,因此施用调理剂降低土壤pH值是提升全锌含量丰富的潮土中Zn生物有效性的有效途径。
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李朋飞
管后春
王翔
陈岩滨
王耀
吴衡
史春鸿
关键词 ： 富锌土壤,  有效态Zn,  赋存形态,  潮土,  砂姜黑土    
Abstract：

The 1∶250 000 multi-target geochemical survey shows that there is a large area of zinc-rich fluvo-aquic soil in northern Anhui Province, and the study on the distribution law, bioavailability, and influencing factors of zinc in the soil is of great significance to the development of zinc-rich agricultural industries. This study investigated the distribution characteristics, occurrence forms, bioavailability, and influencing factors of zinc in the topsoil at a depth of 0~20 cm and the section soil of 0~200 cm depth of both the fluvo-aquic soil and the lime concretion black soil in northern Anhui Province. The results are as follows: The fluvo-aquic soil has abundant total zinc and moderate available zinc, while the lime concretion black soil lacks the total zinc in general and is rich in available zinc. The total zinc in the fluvo-aquic soil is significantly positively correlated with manganese, organic matter, and phosphorus. The available zinc in both the fluvo-aquic soil and the lime concretion black soil is positively correlated with the available phosphorus and negatively correlated with pH. The zinc in the soil at the depth of 0~200 cm mainly occurs as residuals for both the fluvo-aquic soil and the sand concretion black soil. The total content of the water-soluble and ion-exchangeable zinc that is easily absorbed by plants in the plough layer of the fluvo-aquic soil area accounts for 0.29% of the total zinc content, and the content of iron-manganese oxide bound zinc accounts for 23.62% of the total zinc content. The total zinc is obviously enriched in the soil at a depth of 0~85 cm, which is significantly restricted by the phosphorus and manganese contents in the soil. The total content of the water-soluble and ion-exchangeable zinc in the plough layer of the lime concretion black soil area accounts for 0.41% of the total zinc content, and the total zinc content in the soil at a depth of 0~200 cm slightly changes. This study indicates that the fluvo-aquic soil in the study area has rich total zinc and moderate available zinc and that the available zinc content is mainly restricted by the pH of soil. Therefore, applying conditioners to reduce the pH of soil is an effective way to enhance the bioavailability of zinc in the total-zinc-rich fluvo-aquic soil.
Key words： zinc-rich soil    available zinc    occurrence form    fluvo-aquic soil    lime concretion black soil
收稿日期: 2021-10-09      修回日期: 2021-12-07      出版日期: 2022-12-20
ZTFLH:  P595  
  X142  
基金资助:中国地质调查局项目“安徽淮北—亳州地区多目标地球化学调查”(2120113000300);安徽省公益性地质工作项目“1 ∶5万楚店集、高炉集、江集和望町集幅覆盖区综合地质调查”(2016-g-3-32)
作者简介: 李朋飞(1987-),男,高级工程师,主要从事环境地球化学调查及研究工作。Email: lipengfei1822@163.com
引用本文:   
李朋飞, 管后春, 王翔, 陈岩滨, 王耀, 吴衡, 史春鸿. 皖北潮土与砂姜黑土锌含量分布及影响因素[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(6): 1545-1554.
LI Peng-Fei, GUAN Hou-Chun, WANG Xiang, Chen Yan-Bin, WANG Yao, WU Heng, SHI Chun-Hong. The distribution and influencing factors of zinc in the fluvo-aquic soil and the lime concretion black soil in northern Anhui Province. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 46(6): 1545-1554.
链接本文:  
https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2022.1552      或      https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I6/1545
Fig.1  研究区土壤类型
Fig.2  研究区土壤采样点位分布
地层 岩性 成土母质 土壤类型 地貌 指标 最小值 最大值 算术平均值 中位数 标准离差 变异系数
蚌
埠
组
(Qhb)		 亚
黏
土		 黄
泛
冲
积
物		 潮
土		 泛
滥
坡
平
地
(N=89)		 全Zn 65.1 105.3 82.5 81.7 9.26 0.11
有效Zn 0.300 5.630 0.853 0.700 0.74 0.87
全Mn 572.9 942.7 787.6 789.2 93.23 0.12
全P 708.0 1530.0 973.9 973.0 160.25 0.16
有效P 9.20 85.08 17.97 16.37 10.18 0.57
TFe2O3 4.760 6.200 5.610 5.790 0.44 0.08
硅铝率 3.76 4.89 4.20 4.09 0.32 0.08
有机质 0.790 1.440 1.138 1.160 0.17 0.15
pH值 8.02 8.31 8.16 0.07 0.01
粉
砂
土		 黄
泛
冲
积
物		 潮
土		 泛
滥
微
高
地
(N=52)		 全Zn 55.5 101.7 78.9 80.1 12.44 0.16
有效Zn 0.250 6.850 1.096 0.800 1.18 1.08
全Mn 510.6 973.5 758.8 775.8 127.18 0.17
全P 615.0 1591.0 1017.3 1049.0 217.39 0.21
有效P 5.18 76.24 22.39 19.36 14.27 0.64
TFe2O3 4.730 5.980 5.111 4.980 0.36 0.07
硅铝率 3.93 4.98 4.59 4.68 0.32 0.07
有机质 0.490 1.480 1.096 1.135 0.25 0.22
pH值 7.04 8.45 8.12 0.27 0.03
峁
塘
组
(Qpm)		 亚
黏
土		 黄土性古河湖相沉积物 砂
姜
黑
土		 河
间
平
地
(N=126)		 全Zn 46.9 97.6 59.3 56.5 9.49 0.16
有效Zn 0.300 6.460 2.460 2.580 1.45 0.59
全Mn 359.2 938.3 611.3 601.4 102.97 0.17
全P 384.0 1242.0 683.5 652.0 181.66 0.27
有效P 5.39 207.40 55.79 47.44 39.10 0.70
TFe2O3 4.110 5.360 4.628 4.580 0.28 0.06
硅铝率 4.34 5.70 5.05 5.06 0.30 0.06
有机质 0.490 1.640 1.002 1.000 0.26 0.26
pH值 4.90 8.22 6.41 1.05 0.16
Table 1  研究区土壤Zn等元素含量特征参数统计结果
Fig.3  土壤全Zn丰、缺面积百分比
Fig.4  土壤有效Zn丰、缺面积百分比
Fig.5  研究区表层土壤全Zn空间分布
Fig.6  研究区表层土壤有效Zn空间分布
指标 全P 有效P 全Mn 有效Mn 全Zn 有效Zn TFe2O3 硅铝率 有机质 pH值
全P 1.000
有效P 0.251* 1.000
全Mn 0.479** -0.153 1.000
有效Mn 0.210** -0.094 0.849** 1.000
全Zn 0.793** -0.133 0.659** 0.380** 1.000
有效Zn -0.019 0.642** -0.170 -0.030 -0.203 1.000
TFe2O3 0.595** -0.008 0.287** 0.055 0.562** -0.099 1.000
硅铝率 -0.534** 0.013 -0.265* -0.022 -0.505** 0.153 -0.974** 1.000
有机质 0.598** 0.453** 0.342** 0.166 0.483** 0.353** 0.288** -0.225** 1.000
pH值 0.367** -0.622** 0.328** 0.092 0.525** -0.607** 0.480** -0.474** -0.115 1.000
Table 2  峁塘组表层土壤(砂姜黑土)Zn与主要理化指标相关系数(N=126)
指标 全P 有效P 全Mn 有效Mn 全Zn 有效Zn TFe2O3 硅铝率 有机质 pH值
全P 1.000
有效P 0.282** 1.000
全Mn 0.264** -0.205* 1.000
有效Mn 0.025 -0.202* 0.786** 1.000
全Zn 0.395** -0.076 0.888** 0.659** 1.000
有效Zn 0.143 0.630** -0.124 -0.109 0.080 1.000
TFe2O3 -0.155 -0.200* 0.358** 0.327** 0.333* -0.230* 1.000
硅铝率 0.101 0.205* -0.380** -0.337** -0.360** 0.259** -0.983** 1.000
有机质 0.395** 0.195* 0.379** 0.219* 0.438** 0.174 0.133 -0.147 1.000
pH值 0.043 -0.634** 0.162 0.124 0.175 -0.518** 0.211* -0.250** -0.240* 1.000
Table 3  蚌埠组表层土壤(潮土)Zn与主要理化指标相关系数(N=141)
采样
深度/cm		 岩性 全Zn 类别 各形态Zn含量及其比例
水溶态 离子
交换态		 碳酸盐
结合态		 腐殖酸
结合态		 铁锰氧化物
结合态		 强有机
结合态		 残渣态
0~20 粉质黏土
116.7		 含量/10-6 0.07 0.27 9.73 10.64 27.57 7.90 60.56
比例/% 0.06 0.23 8.34 9.11 23.62 6.77 51.88
20~40 黏土
91.5		 含量/10-6 0.06 0.13 6.99 5.05 16.29 7.16 55.78
比例/% 0.06 0.15 7.64 5.52 17.81 7.83 60.99
40~60 黏土
89.9		 含量/10-6 0.05 0.11 4.27 3.39 8.89 5.19 68.01
比例/% 0.06 0.12 4.75 3.77 9.89 5.77 75.65
60~85 黏土
74.7		 含量/10-6 0.02 0.16 1.85 1.91 7.06 4.63 59.03
比例/% 0.02 0.21 2.48 2.56 9.45 6.21 79.07
85~100 粉质黏土
45.9		 含量/10-6 0.01 0.15 1.24 1.87 4.48 3.62 34.51
比例/% 0.03 0.33 2.70 4.08 9.76 7.89 75.22
100~120 黏土
41.7		 含量/10-6 0.00 0.19 1.13 1.82 3.73 3.31 31.49
比例/% 0.00 0.46 2.71 4.38 8.95 7.93 75.57
120~140 黏土
61.6		 含量/10-6 0.00 0.21 0.83 1.44 3.81 3.83 51.44
比例/% 0.00 0.34 1.35 2.34 6.19 6.21 83.56
140~170 黏土
60.7		 含量/10-6 0.01 0.23 0.65 1.48 4.84 3.96 49.54
比例/% 0.02 0.37 1.08 2.44 7.98 6.52 81.60
170~200 黏土
61.0		 含量/10-6 0.00 0.22 0.91 1.37 4.29 3.43 50.79
比例/% 0.00 0.35 1.50 2.25 7.04 5.62 83.24
Table 4  潮土区不同层位土壤中各形态Zn含量及其占全锌比例
采样
深度/cm		 岩性 全Zn 类别 各形态Zn含量及比例
水溶态 离子
交换态		 碳酸盐
结合态		 腐殖酸
结合态		 铁锰氧化物
结合态		 强有机
结合态		 残渣态
0~20 粉质黏土
54.0		 含量/10-6 0.08 0.14 1.22 1.83 4.78 6.30 39.69
比例/% 0.15 0.26 2.25 3.39 8.84 11.66 73.45
20~40 黏土
52.2		 含量/10-6 0.02 0.16 1.29 1.52 4.66 5.22 39.36
比例/% 0.04 0.31 2.46 2.92 8.92 9.99 75.37
40~60 黏土
53.0		 含量/10-6 0.01 0.24 1.10 1.19 4.38 5.57 40.51
比例/% 0.01 0.45 2.07 2.24 8.26 10.51 76.46
60~80 黏土
51.0		 含量/10-6 0.01 0.31 0.97 1.10 3.94 5.50 39.19
比例/% 0.02 0.61 1.91 2.16 7.72 10.78 76.80
80~100 黏土
58.4		 含量/10-6 0.04 0.44 0.60 1.24 5.54 5.62 44.91
比例/% 0.07 0.76 1.03 2.12 9.49 9.63 76.90
100~120 黏土
59.5		 含量/10-6 0.06 0.54 1.34 1.00 7.49 5.00 44.05
比例/% 0.10 0.91 2.25 1.69 12.59 8.41 74.05
120~160 粉质黏土
54.9		 含量/10-6 0.02 0.61 0.84 1.30 5.76 5.10 41.27
比例/% 0.04 1.10 1.53 2.36 10.50 9.29 75.19
160~200 粉质黏土
57.5		 含量/10-6 0.01 0.28 0.96 1.29 6.22 5.71 43.07
比例/% 0.01 0.48 1.66 2.24 10.81 9.93 74.87
Table 5  砂姜黑土区不同层位土壤中各形态Zn含量及其占全锌比例
Fig.7  潮土Zn等指标垂向分布
Fig.8  砂姜黑土Zn等指标垂向分布
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