岩屑地球化学测量在甘肃北山干旱戈壁荒漠区的找矿效果——以三白墩地区金砷矿的发现为例

doi:10.11720/wtyht.2022.1246

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摘要

在甘肃北山干旱戈壁荒漠景观特征研究的基础上,对三白墩地区进行1:5万水系沉积物测量,圈定水系综合异常10处。优选AS-3异常,采用100 m×20 m的网度,在1/3线距范围内多点采取2~20 mm粒级岩石碎屑的方法进行详细检查。圈定岩屑综合异常3处,对异常特征进行研究,确定主成矿元素为As、Au,并优选综合异常2个。利用地球化学剖面、槽探等方法进行详细检查,发现Au矿体4条,As矿体2条,Au、As矿化体各1条,显示出该方法在甘肃北山干旱戈壁荒漠景观区找矿中具有较好的找矿效果,同时也说明可以运用1:1万岩屑测量对1:5万水系沉积物测量的异常进行查证。

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	雷自强
	陈杰
	陈世明
	方成豪
	杨镇熙
	王振

关键词 ：甘肃北山, 干旱戈壁荒漠区, 岩屑地球化学测量, 金砷矿, 三白墩地区

Abstract：

Based on the landscape characteristics of the arid Gobi desert in the Beishan area, Gansu Province, this study carried out a 1:50,000 stream sediment survey in the Sanbaidun area and delineated 10 integrated anomalies. Then, the As-3 anomaly was preferentially selected for detail inspection by taking lithic fragments with grain sizes of 2~20 mm at multiple locations within 1/3 line spacing using a grid density of 100 m × 20 m. As a result, three integrated anomalies of lithic fragments were delineated and their characteristics were investigated. The dominant ore-forming elements were identified as As and Au, and two integrated anomalies were preferentially selected for detailed inspection using methods such as geochemical profile and trenching. Consequently, four Au orebodies, two As orebodies, one Au mineralized body, and one As mineralized body were found. The prospecting results indicate that the geochemical survey of lithic fragments can achieve ideal prospecting effects in the arid Gobi desert landscape area of Beishan and that 1:10,000 surveys of lithic fragments can be used to verify the anomalies of 1:50,000 stream sediment surveys.

Key words： Beishan, Gansu Province arid Gobi desert geochemical cuttings survey of lithic fragments gold-arsenic deposit Sanbaidun area

收稿日期: 2021-05-04 修回日期: 2021-08-20 出版日期: 2022-06-20

ZTFLH:

P632

基金资助:甘肃省省级基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市大口子山一带1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘财经[2018]132号);甘肃省省级基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市大口子山一带1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘资财发[2019]10号);甘肃省省级基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市大口子山一带1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘资财发[2020]8号));甘肃省基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市前红泉—黑山北滩地区1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘财经二[2017]105号);甘肃省基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市前红泉—黑山北滩地区1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘财经二[2018]59号);甘肃省基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市前红泉—黑山北滩地区1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘财经二[2019]39号);甘肃省基础地质调查项目“甘肃省玉门市前红泉—黑山北滩地区1:5万矿产远景调查”(甘资财环[2020]28号))

通讯作者: 陈杰

作者简介: 雷自强(1989-),男,甘肃天水人,本科,工程师,主要研究方向:区域地质调查与矿产勘查。Email: 719252554@qq.com

引用本文:

雷自强, 陈杰, 陈世明, 方成豪, 杨镇熙, 王振. 岩屑地球化学测量在甘肃北山干旱戈壁荒漠区的找矿效果——以三白墩地区金砷矿的发现为例[J]. 物探与化探, 2022, 46(3): 585-596.
LEI Zi-Qiang, CHEN Jie, CHEN Shi-Ming, FANG Cheng-Hao, YANG Zhen-Xi, WANG-Zhen . Application of geochemical survey of lithic fragments in ore prospecting in arid Gobi desert of the Beishan area, Gansu Province: A case study of the discovery of the gold-arsenic deposit in Sanbaidun area. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2022, 46(3): 585-596.

链接本文:

https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/10.11720/wtyht.2022.1246 或 https://www.wutanyuhuatan.com/CN/Y2022/V46/I3/585

Fig.1 三白墩地区区域地质简图
a—区域地层分区;b—区域岩性分布;c—区域地质图;1—第四系冲积物;2—第四系残坡积物;3—敦煌岩群B岩组;4—敦煌岩群C岩组;5—石英闪长岩;6—石英二长闪长岩;7—二长花岗岩;8—花岗闪长岩;9—英云闪长岩;10—太古宇花岗质-英云闪长质片麻岩;11—古元古界中低级变质岩;12—石炭-二叠系浅海相碎屑岩;13—基性-超基性岩;14—加里东-华力西期石英闪长岩和花岗岩;15—韧性剪切带和强应变带;16—断层;17—地质界线;18—金矿床;19—地层大区分界线;20—地层区分界线;21—研究区;Ⅱ—塔里木地层区;Ⅲ—华北地层区;Ⅳ—昆仑-祁连-秦岭地层区;

Ⅱ 21

—敦煌地层分区;

Ⅱ 22

—罗雅楚山-柳园地层分区;

Ⅲ 31

—阿拉善地层分区;

Ⅳ 41

—走廊地层分区;

Ⅳ 42

—北祁连地层分区;

Ⅳ 43

—中祁连地层分区;

Ⅳ 44

—南祁连地层分区

Fig.2 三白墩一带1:5万水系沉积物测量综合异常
1—第四系;2—敦煌岩群B岩组;3—敦煌岩群C岩组;4—正长花岗岩;5—石英二长闪长岩;6—石英闪长岩;7—英云闪长岩;8—二长花岗岩;9—花岗闪长岩;10—花岗岩;11—斑状花岗岩;12—斑状二长花岗岩;13—二长花岗质糜棱岩;14—实测正断层;15—实测右行平移断层;16—性质不明断层;17—糜棱岩化带;18—综合异常位置及编号

Fig.3 三白墩岩屑点位分布
1—第四系冲积物;2—二长花岗岩;3—花岗闪长岩;4—石英片岩;5—角闪片岩;6—黑云斜长片麻岩;7—角闪斜长片麻岩;8—绢英岩;9—花岗岩脉;10—石英脉;11—岩屑采样点位;12—岩屑重复样采样点位

Table 1 岩屑样品分析测试方法

Table 2 研究区岩屑测量异常下限统计

Table 3 研究地球化学参数特征

Fig.4 研究区岩屑测量R型聚类分析谱系

Table 4 正交旋转因子载荷矩阵

Fig.5 正交旋转因子载荷

Fig.6 研究区综合异常
1—第四系冲积物;2—二长花岗岩;3—花岗闪长岩;4—石英片岩;5—角闪片岩;6—黑云斜长片麻岩;7—角闪斜长片麻岩; 8—石英岩; 9—花岗岩脉; 10—石英脉; 11—探槽位置及编号;12—地质界线;13—Au矿体及编号;14—As矿体及编号;15—综合异常及编号

Fig.7 1:1万岩屑测量Ay1异常剖析
1—第四系冲积物;2—黑云斜长片麻岩;3—角闪斜长片麻岩;4—花岗岩;5—石英脉;6—1:1万岩屑测量综合异常及编号;7—1:1万岩屑测量Au异常及编号;8—极值点;9—Au异常;10—As异常;11—Sb异常;12—Ag异常;13—Cu异常;14—W异常;15—Pb异常;16—Mo异常

Table 5 1:1万岩屑测量Ay1异常特征参数统计

Fig.8 1:1万岩屑测量Ay3异常剖析
1—第四系冲积物;2—黑云斜长片麻岩;3—角闪片岩;4—石英片岩;5—花岗岩;6—花岗闪长岩;7—二长花岗岩;8—综合异常位置及编号;9—单元素异常位置及编号;10—极值点;11—Au异常;12—As异常;13—Pb异常

Table 6 1:1万岩屑测量Ay3异常特征参数统计

Fig.9 三白墩金砷矿Ay1异常区工程部署
1—第四系冲积物;2—黑云斜长片麻岩;3—角闪斜长片麻岩;4—花岗岩;5—石英脉;6—金矿体;7—金矿化体;8—砷矿体;9—砷矿化体;10—探槽位置及编号

Fig.10 三白墩金矿石宏观特征(a)及显微特征(b)

Fig.11 三白墩STC5探槽素描图
1—第四系;2—角闪斜长片麻岩;3—黑云斜长片麻岩;4—碎裂岩;5—花岗闪长岩;6—石英脉;7—断层;8—产状;9—光谱;10—化学样采样位置及编号

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